Welcome to TiddlyWiki created by Jeremy Ruston, Copyright © 2007 UnaMesa Association
I had to create this file with the following parameters to get my webserver to route the incoming requests. This serves many great purposes namely http, ftp, bittorrent and vnc.
# Please read /usr/share/doc/initscripts-*/sysconfig.txt
# for the documentation of these parameters.
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
TYPE=Ethernet
DEVICE=eth0:1
BOOTPROTO=none
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX (an address that I would specify)
USERCTL=yes
PEERDNS=yes
#IPV6INIT=no
ONPARENT=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6TO4INIT=yes
IPV6INIT=yes
I need to study chapter 5 in How to Teach English today. I have been really lazy but am going to really start working on that.
[localhost] #[127.0.0.1:7200]
[[3725]]
image = C:\LAB\image\c3725-i-mz.123-1a.bin
ram = 128
slot1 = NM-4T
idlepc = 0x6054e1c8
[[router R11]]
model = 3725
console = 2001
s1/0 = R12 s1/0
f0/0 = NIO_gen_eth:\Device\NPF_{90C7DB45-1691-44FD-80EA-D2CFA286A395}
[[Router R12]]
model = 3725
console = 2002
R11
!
en
conf t
hostname R11
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int f0/0
ip add 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
no sh
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
no sh
end
wr
R12
!
en
conf t
hostname R12
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
no sh
exit
int lo 0
ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
end
wr
RIPv2
R11
!
conf t
router rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network 13.13.13.1
network 192.168.1.1
end
wr
R12
!
conf t
router rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network 192.168.1.2
network 172.16.1.1
end
wr
Standard ACL -------------
R11
conf t
access-list 10 deny 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 10 deny 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
access-list 10 permit any
!
int s1/0
ip access-group 10 in
sh run ---------------------
access-list 10 deny 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 10 permit any
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip access-group 10 in
serial restart_delay 0
-------------------Extended ACL ------------
R11(config)#access-list 101 deny tcp 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 any eq 23
R11(config)#access-list 101 permit ip any any
R11(config)#int s1/0
R11(config-if)#ip access-group 101 in
-> telnet Ping, ftp ... R12 .
1. Telnet
Router(config)#access-list 100 permit tcp any any established
Router(config)#access-list 100 permit tcp 203.255.113.0 0.0.0.255 any eq telnet
Router(config)#access-list 100 deny tcp any any eq telnet
Router(config)#access-list 100 permit ip any any
Router(config)#int s0
Router(config-if)#ip access-group 100 in
2.
Interface Serial0?
Ip access-group 119 in?
Access-list 119 permit tcp any any established
Access-list 119 deny tcp any any eq 31337
Access-list 119 deny udp any any eq 31337
Access-list 119 permit ip any any?
3. access
Interface Serial0?
ip access-group 119 in?
Access-list 119 permit tcp any any established
Access-list 119 deny udp any any eq netbios-ns
Access-list 119 deny udp any any eq netbios-dgm
Access-list 119 deny tcp any any eq 139
Access-list 119 permit ip any any
4. Telnet, Ping
interface Serial0
ip address 203.231.89.34 255.255.255.252
ip access-group 102 in
encapsulation ppp
!
access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq telnet
access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq discard
access-list 102 deny icmp any host 203.227.80.180
access-list 102 deny icmp any host 203.231.89.34
access-list 102 deny udp any host 203.231.89.34 eq time
access-list 102 deny udp any host 203.227.80.180 eq time
access-list 102 deny udp any host 203.231.89.34 eq tftp
access-list 102 deny udp any host 203.227.80.180 eq tftp
access-list 102 deny udp any host 203.227.80.180 eq snmp
access-list 102 deny udp any host 203.231.89.34 eq snmp
access-list 102 deny icmp any host 203.227.80.181
access-list 102 permit ip any any
line vty 0 4
access-class 101 in
password wooju
login
5. ( : 9000~9999)
Router(config)#access-list 100 permit tcp any any established
Router(config)#access-list 100 deny tcp any any range 9000 9999
Router(config)#access-list 100 deny udp any any range 9000 9999
Router(config)#access-list 100 permit ip any any
Router(config)#int s0
Router(config-if)#ip access-group 100 in
msn : 65.54.179.192,
65.54.183.192 TCP 443
: 203.226.253.73 TCP 80,1863
203.226.253.91 TCP 5004
SixXS AICCU: Automatic IPv6 Connectivity Configuration Utility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AICCU makes it very easy for anybody to get IPv6 connectivity
everywhere they want. It uses the TIC (Tunnel Information & Control)
protocol to request the information needed to setup a tunnel through
which the connectivity is created.
AICCU supports the following tunneling protocols:
- 6in4 static (RFC 2893)
- 6in4 heartbeat (RFC 2893 + draft-massar-v6ops-heartbeat)
- AYIYA (draft-massar-v6ops-ayiya)
As AYIYA even works from behind NAT's, thus unless there is a very
restrictive firewall in place, anybody should be able to get IPv6
connectivity without problems and everywhere they want.
WARNING: never run AICCU from DaemonTools or a similar automated
'restart' tool/script. When AICCU does not start, it has a reason
not to start which it gives on either the stdout or in the (sys)log
file. The TIC server *will* automatically disable accounts which
are detected to run in this mode.
The main AICCU page, containing information, screenshots, updates
and of course the software itself, unix source + binaries/packages
and Windows binaries, can be downloaded from:
http://www.sixxs.net/tools/aiccu/
Author
~~~~~~
The author of this code is:
Jeroen Massar
SixXS Staff <info@sixxs.net>
http://www.sixxs.net/
With patches accepted from other sources as can be found
in the changelog.
Contact
~~~~~~~
In the event that you find bugs or have questions please see:
http://www.sixxs.net/contact/
which contains the contact details of the SixXS Staff.
If you have problems using this tool you should of course first
check the FAQ at http://www.sixxs.net/faq/ and check the Forum
which can be found at http://www.sixxs.net/forum/
If you are using this software please notify us of it. We are
always interrested to hear in what various ways people are
using our software.
License
~~~~~~~
See the LICENSE file in the doc directory
Copyright
~~~~~~~~~
Automatic IPv6 Connectivity Configuration Utility
AICCU (C) Copyright 2003-2007 SixXS Staff <info@sixxs.net>
@@bgcolor(#ff0000):color(#ffffff):red coloured@@
@@text-shadow:black 3px 3px 8px;font-size:18pt;display:block;margin:1em 1em 1em 1em;border:1px solid black;Access any CSS style@@
[[this link to a Unix-style folder|file:///folder/path/name]].
[[Jamsil photos|file:///home/Elias/Desktop/html/wordpress/gallery/Jamsil/pictures/2008-03-17--23.35.33]].
[[external sites|http://www.kernel.org]] or [[ordinary tiddlers|TiddlyWiki]]
Here are some links to some great tutorials on configuring Apache.
http://www.cpanelconfig.com/optimize-a-cpanel-server/apache-tuning-and-optimization-cpanel-11x/
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-tune-lamp-2.html?ca=dgr-lnxw01LAMPTuningP2
http://therealsouthkorea.wordpress.com/2008/02/27/wibro-blankets-seoul-south-korea-with-high-speed-internet/
http://www.asterisk.org/
http://www.it46.se/wsis/index.php
Here's some videos to watch
http://kr.youtube.com/watch?v=SQb71Y_X4yo&feature=related
http://kr.youtube.com/watch?v=jBXc6uo12MQ&feature=related
Services related to gaining local access numbers
http://www.voicepulse.com/
https://www.teliax.com/pages/HomePage
{{{
No Comments
Although I have not got it to work completely yet. I thought I would post my accomplishments thus far.
1. Downloaded the source for kernel-2.6.23.9-85.fc8 and installed it.
2. Followed these directions … CustomKernel
3. Added a few bits:
~line 41: %define release %(R="$Revision: 1.2925.test $”; RR=”${R##: }”; echo ${RR%%?})%{?dist}
This helped immensely, because it allowed me to build two seperate kernels and install them with
4. rpm –force
Included is my renamed .config file. I’m calling it kernel.config.kernel.config
My sources were FedoraForum.org and fedoraproject.org/wiki
Tue 25 Dec 2007
Automount
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
I found a tut on configuring automount under gnome so it doesn’t arbitrarily automount partitions under /media/disk??
http://felipec.wordpress.com/2006/12/28/automounting-a-storage-device-with-gnome
Here is my file–/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/95userpolicy/10-external.fdi:
Mon 24 Dec 2007
Back from vacation
Posted by elias under out and about
No Comments
I will be posting some photos soon.
Sat 22 Dec 2007
Busan
Posted by elias under out and about
No Comments
I made it here. My first day was quite exciting. It’s not over yet but I am having a good time. I went to the APAC site, a political convention of sorts I imagine, then headed over to the Busan museum of modern art. I am going to post pictures shortly. I love the beach.
Thu 20 Dec 2007
Compiz-Fusion Part 4 — Final Dance
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
I am going to upload my yum.conf file so that when I install Linux on Hanna’s computer next week it won’t take 20 hours. I am also going to upload a file that details the packages and dependencies needed for Compiz-Fusion on Fedora 8. Compiz-Fusion (for Gnome) and Depencies
Here’s my history file so far…History.txt
The history file is nothing much. I thought it would include the bit where I went into the directory and upgraded all of the packages. It doesn’t though. However, Compiz-Fusion and ‘fusion-icon’ work like never before. I am really really really happy and hope to get to work on Hanna’s computer tonight. That’s all. :)
Thu 20 Dec 2007
Fedora 8 (Werewolf)
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
I decided to just scrap Fedora 7 and go for a fresh install of Fedora 8. The only thing, is that now I am looking to install all essential drivers and compile the kernel. However, there seems to be a lack of concrete howto’s and information on an easy step by step way to make my computer more manageable and faster reacting. (more…)
Compiz-Fusion Part 3
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
No Comments
I can’t remember all of the places that I visited in the last two days trying to get Beryl/Compiz-Fusion to work on my box. I have an nVidia 6800 and was having some problems because I installed a script that was for an ATI card. I could have killed myself after that. But it really gave me an opportunity to learn about the actual requirements for this wonderful environment to work.
So I uninstalled everything and thought all hope was lost because the command “gnome-xgl-switch” had disappeared.
Reading post after post from http://forum.compiz-fusion.org/ I managed to narrow down my problems to my /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. I am attaching it here for everyone (mainly me). xorg.conf
Here’s what I have on my system currently–Glxinfo and Yum installed packages
Tue 18 Dec 2007
Compiz-Fusion Part 2
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
No Comments
Still working…
[root@localhost ~]# yum list *compiz* beryl* emerald*
Loading “priorities” plugin
0 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Installed Packages
compiz.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
compiz-fusion-plugins-extra.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 installed
compiz-fusion-plugins-main.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 installed
compiz-gnome.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
compizconfig-python.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
emerald.i386 0.5.2-0.1git.fc7 installed
emerald-themes.noarch 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
gset-compiz.i386 0.3.3-1 installed
libcompizconfig.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
Available Packages
beryl.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-core.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-core-devel.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-gnome.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-kde.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-manager.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-plugins.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-plugins-unsupported.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-settings.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-settings-simple.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
compiz-all.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-bcop.noarch 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-extra-debuginfo.i3 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-main-debuginfo.i38 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-main-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-unsupported.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-unsupported-debugi 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-kde.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-backend-gconf.i386 0.6.0-2.fc8 compiz-fusion
compizconfig-backend-gconf-debuginfo.i38 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-backend-kconfig.i386 0.6.0-1.fc8 compiz-fusion
compizconfig-backend-kconfig-debuginfo.i 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-python-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-python-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
emerald-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1git.fc7 kagesenshi
emerald-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1git.fc7 kagesenshi
gnome-compiz-manager.i386 0.10.4-1.fc7 updates
gnome-compiz-manager-devel.i386 0.10.4-1.fc7 updates
kicker-compiz.i386 3.5.4-3.fc7 updates
libcompizconfig-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
libcompizconfig-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
[root@localhost ~]#
Sun 16 Dec 2007
Compiz-Fusion
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
The world of graphical workspaces is changing. In an ever competing arena for user desktops I am becoming more fond of this 21st century environment. Here you will find a list of essential packages to install to leap ahead. More to come.
Sat 15 Dec 2007
Beryl part 2
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
1 Comment
I got everything to work. I can’t believe it. I am really very very happy. I am pasting my root’s History.txt along with this post so that I won’t forget how I did it.
First let me say that I am using at nVidia GeForce 6800 with this config.
1st –> I went through all the system updates (took a while since Fedora 8 is out) using “Package Manager”commended
2nd –> Went to the nVidia website and downloaded the driver for my graphics card.
3rd –> Setup my Yum repositories using the Unofficial Fedora faq and installed the nVidia Kernel modules
4th –> I followed the Korean blog pretty much to the T. Here’s a copy of the site, in case the server ever goes down. Korean Blog Entry
All I need to do now is unistall Compiz–I think. It was giving me problems
Lastly…to make it an entry in the session manager’s menu just follow these steps taken from…HowtoForge
First, we create the file /usr/bin/startberyl.sh:
gedit /usr/bin/startberyl.sh
#!/bin/sh
beryl-manager
sleep 4
exec gnome-session
Then we make it executable:
chmod a+x /usr/bin/startberyl.sh
Afterwards, we create the file /usr/share/xsessions/Beryl.desktop:
gedit /usr/share/xsessions/Beryl.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Beryl
Exec=/usr/bin/startberyl.sh
Icon=
Type=Application
Gonna get this package soon..Record My Desktop
Wed 12 Dec 2007
Beryl
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
No Comments
Well I found the next gen window manager just by complete mistake. I am pretty excited about it too. I installed it using this repository –> Wilsonet repository for Fedora 6
The youtube movies are enough to make Vista users cry. I love it.
It’s in Korean, but maybe it can help Tistory
Another install guide Some guy’s guide
############################################################
Attached is a copy of my Yum config file, since I had to edit it to work with Fedora 7 since the repo’s build is for FC6.
1st:
[yourname@localhost /etc/yum.repos.d]# wget http://wilsonet.com/packages/beryl/fc6-i386/repodata/repomd.xml
2nd:
[yourname@localhost /etc/yum.repos.d]# yum -y install beryl-core beryl-manager beryl-plugins beryl-settings emerald emerald-themes
Wed 12 Dec 2007
Intranet
Posted by elias under Technology
No Comments
Here’s a letter that I sent cheet commando — TechDude
“By all our playsets and toys”
############################################################
Hey hey. It’s been a while. What is the best way to contact you?? Anyway, of course I have a question for you. Maybe 3 or 4…hmmmpphh. In my building here in Seoul we get mad speed. Like 900kb/s we love the internet too. The fastest any of us has ever experienced. The thing is the fellas (in the building) want to setup an intranet that would be looped in the building not going outside. Since I am the only one who runs Linux competently enough to try this feet I said that I would consider setting up a file server. Basically we all have various files that appeal to our different interests. One guy downloads anime, the other language tools, another techno music, yet another assorted/eclectic music and myself porn (not always) haha. So with Fedora 7 going and quite a bit of disk space how can I manage the load but still connect us all and not worry about killing my own bandwidth?
One idea that I had was getting all my friends to use a windows app that I had a while ago that will let their dynamic IPs be tied to a static DNS (what I mean by DNS is Domain Name, not server). Since I have my own DNS, what I could do is just list the contents of each users files in directories labeled respectively to the user—I mean in theory it sounds awesome. Especially if the user’s shared directory list (.html) could be updated every time a new file was dropped into it.
Well that’s my question not very much in a nutshell. I hope Canada is treating you well. Why did you decide on moving? San Fransisco is so awesome.
Later,
Elias
Tue 11 Dec 2007
Fedora 7 (Moonshine)
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
[2] Comments
Well I reinstalled Fedora Linux today. Hhhhmmmppppphhhh! Quite a task considering I think I have an internal bug that intermittently causes my system to go down. Anyway I am updating the software and am going to be following some steps from others to help me with the build. Here’s the first site that I came across that seems to have some good information.
The Perfect Desktop (page 3)
Following that guide really helped. Although now I haven’t been able to get FIrefox to work and have instead been using Epiphany a Gnome clone. Attached is a copy of my /etc/fstab file, because I think it really has some great stuff in. (more…)
Sat 8 Dec 2007
Honggik
Posted by elias under out and about
No Comments
One of the best nights so far. Hanna and I met up with Thomas and Granwell (my coworker/friend from South Africa) in the Honggik University district. Although, after Tinpan 2 we lost the boys, Hanna and I continued to have a great time. We went to a quiet hookah bar/restraunt, Britz, and lounged for a while sucking back Mojitos and Sex on the Beach while dinning on a fresh salmon salad. Really fancy although within the means of a decent budget.
Then we headed for the subway lockers to retrieve the stashed goods, but we couldn’t get them because they were behind an impenetrable iron curtain. So off to a DVD room where I watched “Step it Up” until 5:30 a.m. when I woke her and we headed for the subway to go home. More details to come.
Thu 6 Dec 2007
Nuked!
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
Well it really sucks. I have destroyed everything that over the past 7 months I had been working on. Most was nonsensical but still. Memories and embedded pictures really made my site Mine! Now I have to start from scratch. Well guess what my first link is going to be…
BackingUp WordPress
BackingUp your DatabaseThe most important
}}}
/***
!Metadata:
|''Name:''|BreadcrumbsPlugin|
|''Description:''||
|''Version:''|1.4.2|
|''Date:''|Feb 15, 2007|
|''Source:''|http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=150646|
|''Author:''|Alan Hecht (with 2.0 update from 'jack' and revisions by Bram Chen)|
|''License:''|[[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.1.0|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.5+; InternetExplorer 6.0|
!Revision History:
|''Version''|''Date''|''Note''|
|1.4.2|Feb 15, 2007|Runs compatibly with TW 2.2.0 (rev #1501+)|
|1.4.1|Aug 05, 2006|in restartHome(), check for valid crumbArea before setting style, by Eric|
|1.4.0|Aug 02, 2006|Fixed bug, the redefined onClickTiddlerLink_orig_breadCrumbs works incorrectly on IE|
|1.3.0|Jul 20, 2006|Runs compatibly with TW 2.1.0 (rev #403+)|
|1.2.0|Feb 07, 2006|change globle array breadCrumbs to config.breadCrumbs by Eric's suggestion|
|1.1.0|Feb 04, 2006|JSLint checked|
|1.0.0|Feb 01, 2006|TW2 ready and code Cleaned-up|
!Code section:
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.breadCrumbs = {major: 1, minor: 4, revision: 2,date: new Date("Feb 15, 2007")};
config.breadCrumbs = [];
window.onClickTiddlerLink_orig_breadCrumbs = window.onClickTiddlerLink;
window.onClickTiddlerLink = function(e){
if (!e) {var e = window.event;}
window.onClickTiddlerLink_orig_breadCrumbs(e);
addCrumb(e);
return false;
};
function addCrumb(e){
if (!e) {var e = window.event;}
var thisCrumb = "[[" + resolveTarget(e).getAttribute("tiddlyLink") + "]]";
var ind = config.breadCrumbs.find(thisCrumb);
if(ind === null){
config.breadCrumbs.push(thisCrumb);
}
else{
config.breadCrumbs.length = ind++;
}
refreshCrumbs();
return false;
}
function refreshCrumbs(){
var crumbArea = document.getElementById("breadCrumbs");
if (!crumbArea) {
crumbArea = document.createElement("div");
crumbArea.id = "breadCrumbs";
crumbArea.style.visibility = "hidden";
var targetArea = document.getElementById("tiddlerDisplay");
targetArea = (targetArea === null )?document.getElementById("storyDisplay"):targetArea;
targetArea.parentNode.insertBefore(crumbArea,targetArea);
}
crumbArea.style.visibility = "visible";
removeChildren(crumbArea);
createTiddlyButton(crumbArea,"Home",null,restartHome);
wikify(" || " + config.breadCrumbs.join(' > '),crumbArea);
}
function restartHome(){
story.closeAllTiddlers();
restart();
config.breadCrumbs = [];
var crumbArea = document.getElementById("breadCrumbs");
if (crumbArea) // ELS: added check to make sure crumbArea exists
crumbArea.style.visibility = "hidden";
}
//}}}
{{{
IN cent os 5.1 ( means Redhat entrprise linux 5.1, Virtual box ( personal) 1.6 rpm i am using ) i am able to use host network.
Steps followed by me :
First you need to modify vboxnet script
===========================
vi /etc/init.d/vboxnet
Around line 198 you'll see
while [ $i -le 10 ]; do
ifconfig "$1" up 2> /dev/null
if ifconfig | grep "$1" > /dev/null; then
Between the ifconfig "$1" line and the if ifconfig |grep "$1" line, insert a command to sleep for .5 seconds. So, it should now look like
while [ $i -le 10 ]; do
ifconfig "$1" up 2> /dev/null
sleep .5
if ifconfig | grep "$1" > /dev/null; then
""
1. vi /etc/rc.local add following lines at end of line
/bin/chmod 0666 /dev/net/tun
/bin/chmod 777 /dev/vboxdr
2.usermod -G vboxusers <userid> ( your yourname under you are running Virtualbox)
3.install bridge utils you can using yum
My network is 192.168.1.x / 255.255.255.0 with gateway 192.168.1.1 ( check yours )
4.vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 add following entries
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
DHCP_HOSTNAME=rhel32bit.linux
TYPE=Ethernet
USERCTL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
PEERDNS=no
BRIDGE=br0
5.vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.33
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
6.service network restart
7.VBoxAddIF vbox0 <user> br0 ( user is username under vritualbox runs )
it will creat tap interface vbox0
use this in your guest os network setting.
( in case if you are using Virtual box - 1.6 - for windows xp guest use intel card as virtual card )
SO here is in one shell script which will do hostnetwork [ you need to undo all chages what you did as per my first post ( vbox0)
---------------------------------
[root@rhel32bit opt]# cat vboxhostnetowrk.sh [static ip - you can dhcp as mentioned above ]
#!/bin/sh
PATH=$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin
brctl addbr br0
ifconfig eth0
ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0
brctl addif br0 eth0
ifconfig br0 192.168.1.33 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 br0
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 br0
VBoxTunctl -b -u root
ifconfig tap0 up
brctl addif br0 tap0
-Rav
}}}
Bridged Networking with VirtualBox on Linux Hosts
http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/KVM A great link to more information
VirtualBox is a nice alternative to VMWare. It's quite fast, and lately, my experience (subjectively, I haven't done any benchmarks) is that it's become faster than VMWare's free VMWare-server. However, like qemu, its default networking is NAT, where the guest O/S has isn't visible on a LAN. At times, one wants the machine to have its own LAN address, as if it were another host on the network.
The VirtualBox Users' Guide (it's a pdf file) is quite good, but some folks do find it a bit confusing. This is an effort to give a quick explanation of using bridged networking on a Linux host system.
Let's take care of a few permissions first. When VirtualBox is installed, it echoes a message that any user must be added to vboxusers. If the user name is john, it can be done with usermod.
/usr/sbin/usermod -G vboxusers -a john
When using bridging, whether for wired or wireless, we will be creating an interface called tap0 which will create a /dev/net/tun. The /dev/net/tun device will, by default, be owned by root with 600 permissions, (read write). We want the vboxusers group to have access to it, so we'll edit the file (or create it if it doesn't already exist) /etc/udev/rules.d/10-local.rules. We want the line
KERNEL=="tun", NAME="net/%k", GROUP="vboxusers", MODE="0660"
Wired Networks
This first method is for a wired network. For wireless bridged networking see below. My own network is behind a Linksys router which also gives out DHCP addresses. I use the default subnet of 192.168.1.0 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0. While I've been doing this on Fedora hosts, it should work with any Linux distribution. You will have to adjust addresses to your own network's layout.
In short, we'll create a bridge, bring down the ethernet interface, add it as a member of the bridge, bring the bridge up, create a tap interface, add that to the bridge as well, and we'll be more or less good to go. Before beginning make sure that you have bridge-utils (your distribution might call it something else) installed. Also, you'll have to either be root or have root privileges with sudo to perform many of these commands.
Lastly, most of these commands, on Fedora, are found in /usr/sbin or /sbin. In Fedora, those two directories are not in the $PATH of the normal user. There are various ways around this. In Fedora, you can first do su - (note the - after the su and space) which will give you root's environment, including the $PATH. Another way is to, before starting the series of commands, temporarily add those two directories to your $PATH. That can be done by typing
PATH=$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin
That segues nicely into my next comment. The User Guide's directions for Fedora won't work unless you have /sbin and /usr/sbin in your $PATH when you first log on or do an su -. The VBoxAddIF command that they discuss calls, among other things, ifconfig, which is in /sbin. Therefore, if you run it as a user with sudo, or do an su without the - afterwards, you'll get errors that ifconfig wasn't found. However, we're not going to do it their way. :).
We are going to create some temporary interfaces. If you have VirtualBox running all the time, you probably want to look at the User Guide's instructions. So, let's begin.
First create a bridge
brctl addbr br0
Now bring down the interface that you're using, in most cases, eth0. If you get your address through DHCP, you don't have to make note of your current settings. If you manually configure your ethernet card, then make sure you know its settings before doing this. You can find that out with
ifconfig eth0
For this example, we'll say that my settings are 192.168.1.55 for the address, with a netmask of 255.255.255.0. Such an address indicates that my network is a 192.168.1.0 network with a mask of 255.255.255.0. You can usually check this with route -n or netstat -r. It should show, among other things, something like
Destination Gateway Genmask Iface
192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 eth0
default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 eth0
(I've left some things out of the actual output, what I have above is what you want to notice. The Destination is the network, the Genmask the network's netmask and the line that begins default, with an address under the Gateway column is, oddly enough, your default gateway. If your card is manually configured, you'll need that information in a few minutes. Once you have the information (again, unnecessary if you get your address through DHCP) we can bring down the network card.
Note that this will temporarily disconnect you from the network, so you can't do this remotely.
ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0
Next we add interface eth0 to the bridge
brctl addif br0 eth0
Now we can bring up the bridge. If you use DHCP, then simply run
dhclient br0
It should get an address. (If you get an error that dhclient is already running, then first kill it with pkill dhclient and try again. Some systems use dhcpcd rather than dhclient, adjust accordingly.)
If you had to manually set your address on eth0, then we'll do that on br0. In my example, say that I saw my IP address was 192.168.1.55. I'll give the bridge that address.
ifconfig br0 192.168.1.55 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 br0
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 br0
Remember, we got those settings from route -n or netstat -r. Now that your bridge is up and running (you can test it by pinging google, yahoo or someone else) it's time to add the tap interface. Most of this is taken from the User's Guide, but we're not making a script right now. The commands are fairly similar though. Say your user name is john.
VBoxTunctl -b -u john
You should see tap0 echoed on the screen.
ifconfig tap0 up
brctl addif br0 tap0
Insert an iptables rule allowing traffic to the bridge. Before starting VirtualBox, I run (in Fedora and CentOS)
iptables -I RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i br0 -j ACCEPT
If you're not using a RedHat based system, change RH-FIREWALL-1-INPUT to INPUT.
Now, when you run VirtualBox and edit the settings of the guest O/S, in the networking section choose Attached to Host Interface and for Interface Name choose tap0.
Now, when you start your guest system, if you're on DHCP, it can get its address dynamically. Otherwise, give it an IP address in that network, for example, 192.168.1.56 with the same subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 and gateway of 192.168.1.1.
In some cases, I've been able to leave my default iptables settings alone and everything works. If not, I add the bridge to allowed interfaces. When finished, after closing VirtualBox, you can bring things back to the way they were before. Bring down the tap interface and remove it.
ifconfig tap0 down
VBoxTunctl -d tap0
You can also remove the bridge and give everything back to eth0. Keep in mind that this will, once again, temporarily disconnect you from the network.
ifconfig br0 down
You are now off the network. You can now remove the bridge.
brctl delbr br0
Bring eth0 back up, either by running dhclient eth0 or giving it an address with the same commands we used earlier to give br0 an address.
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.55 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0
Wireless
If you don't need bridged networking, the default NAT networking works quite well with wireless in my experience. However, many of us need or at least want, the guest O/S to have its own visible address on the LAN. Thanks to the Hazard's Stuff page I was able to do it quite easily. The technique is different. Rather than use a bridge, we use parprouted to connect the wireless card and tap0 and give tap0 an address.
I've done this on Fedora, Ubuntu and Arch. There are slight differences.
We will need the parprouted program. One can install from source or use the rpm from the Dag repos. I used the one for RHEL 5 on Fedora 8 without problems.
Ubuntu has a package for it--it might have a slightly different name, do apt-cache search parprouted and intall it. Archers, use the source. (See the ArchLinux section below for links and suggestions about building the package.)
With wireless and parprouted, we can eliminate the bridge. I left my ethernet card's address alone. The wireless gets its address from DHCP, which is fine. Say that eth1 is my wireless, with its address that works on my network, whether from DHCP or being set manually.
If you skipped the earlier part of this article about wired networks, we're using a typical 192.168.1.0/24 network. In this example, my wireless card has an address of 192.168.1.105
We have to make sure that IP forwarding is enabled. You can edit /etc/sysctl.conf in Fedora, changing the variable from 0 to 1, but that requires a reboot. If you want to do it permanently, do it in sysctl.conf, if you just want the change to be temporary, you can do it with the command
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Now we have to create tap0. Fortunately, the VirtualBox program includes its own version of tunctl, and we can use that. The -u in the next command refers to the user who will be using VirtualBox. In this case, it's a user with the login name of john.
VBoxTunctl -b -u john
You'll see tap0 echoed to the screen. Now we bring up tap0 and give it an address. One can use ifconfig or ip--in this case, we'll use ip. Archers, please take a moment and refer to the ArchLinux section. You'll have to install the ip command (part of the iproute package) and also symlink it to /sbin. Once you've done that, return to the steps below.
ip link set tap0 up
ip addr add 192.168.1.108/24 dev tap0
We are giving tap0 an address on our LAN, which, as we discussed above is a 192.168.1.0/24 LAN. (The /24 is the same as 255.255.255.0)
Lastly, we use parprouted to bind the wireless card to tap0
parprouted eth1 tap0
Now we have the wireless card, eth1 with an address of 192.168.1.105 and the tap0 interface with an address of 192.168.1.107. After starting VirtualBox, edit the guest O/S's networking settings, just as we did in the wired setup. Once again we choose Attached to Host Interface and for the Interface Name section, we put in tap0.
On Hardy Heron (8.04 beta) I had a bit of difficulty. It no longer worked. After some trial and error, the answer turned out to be that after starting parprouted but before starting VirtualBox, use the route command to add the route to tap0. If we're on the 192.168.1.x network, the command would be
sudo route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 tap0
Do this after starting parprouted, or it will cut off your connection to the outside. Then, start VirtualBox.
Also, on Hardy Heron, I noticed that I had to change the default virtual network card. The default was PCnet-PCI II (Am79C970A). It didn't work till I changed it to PCnet-FAST III (Am79C973). I also clicked the Generate button for the MAC address a few times. Whether this was just for this one installation or not, I don't know, but at any rate, it was the only distro where I had to change the default. I've also noted that with further upgrades, it will choose the proper card, the Fast-III by default, so this may no longer be an issue.
Supposedly, there are iptables rules that work with this. However, so far, I have had to completely flush my iptables rules for it to be able to connect. Oddly, enough, this is only the case at times--otherwise, I can leave my default rules (Fedora defaults, pretty much, allowing ssh and nothing else) and it works. I haven't figured this out yet, nor have the many posts I've found while googling given me the solution. I'm not sure why, apparently their solutions work for the people who have posted them. The most typical one seems to be, if your card was eth1, which is what my wireless is,
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE
It's quite possible I'm missing something though, my experience is more with the BSD pf filtering program. On Fedora Forums, someone pointed out that the command didn't work for him either. However, choosing system-config-firewall, clicking masquerade and then choosing his wireless card worked for him. I tried it and it worked for me as well. In my case, my card wasn't listed, but there is a place to add an interface.
Running iptables-save with both methods shows that the difference is that when running the command the lines allowing masquerading appear at the top of the listing. When using system-config-firewall, the lines appear at the end of iptables-save. I haven't investigated this yet, when I do, I'll add the information to the page, but at any rate, it seems that you can get it working by using system-config-firewall to have the wireless card masqueraded. When you do that, it automatically does the sysctl setting for you, changing net.ipv4.ip_forward to 1.
(To digress briefly, I recently received an email from someone who found that though this howto didn't work for them, the IP-Masquerade howto brought them success. Also, note that that howto recommends NOT using the iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE rule as default. The reader might want to try that howto's scripts for firewalling. As I'm running everything behind other firewalls, I haven't gone through that howto and tested it myself).
When the guest O/S boots up, you will have to manually assign it an address. Give it an address on the same network, that is, in this case, something like 192.168.1.109 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0 and a default gateway of 192.168.1.1. Use whatever DNS servers you usually use on the host machine.
When done, you can remove the various changes you've made. After shutting down the host machine, bring down the tap0 interface, remove it and change your sysctl variable back if you choose.
ifconfig tap0 down
VBoxTunctl -d tap0
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=0
pkill parprouted
Notes for ArchLinux users
ArchLinux is a little different. I'm assuming that you've followed the ArchLinux wiki and have VirtualBox working with bridged networking using the tun module. All that is covered quite well in the wiki.
The parprouted program will have to be built from source. The tarball can be found here.
Decompress and untar it with the usual tar zxvf parprouted-<version-number>. Then cd into the directory that has been created.
The README says just do make all && make install. There's no configure script and it will install the program into /usr/local/sbin which isn't a default ArchLinux path. You have a few choices. You can edit the Makefile, just changing the /usr/local/sbin to /usr/sbin and the man pages to /usr/man instead of /usr/local/man. (That's what I do.) Other choices are to add /usr/local/sbin to the path of any users that will be running the program. (Most Archers know how to do this, but if not, you can edit the user's $HOME/.bashrc file, adding a line
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin ; export $PATH
The easiest way might be to symlink the program to /usr/sbin.
ln -s /usr/local/sbin/parprouted /usr/sbin/parprouted
Arch doesn't include the ip program by default. It's part of the iproute package. It's required if you're going to use parprouted.
pacman -S iproute
The last time I installed Arch and did a quick VirtualBox install, using the virtualbox-ose from the Arch repos, there was no VBoxTunctl. I'm not sure if this was just a minor glitch, or something else. I was in a hurry, so didn't bother researching it. I just installed the uml_utilities, also in the repos, which gave me the tunctl command and used that instead of VBoxTunctl.
There's one more minor issue. Arch installs the ip command into /usr/sbin. The parprouted program looks for ip in /sbin. Therefore, once you've installed the iproute package, to use ip with parprouted you have to symlink the ip command to /sbin.
ln -s /usr/sbin/ip /sbin/ip
(I found this out by using parprouted's useful -d as in debug flag. That runs the program in the foreground so you can see what's happening. I saw that it was calling /sbin/ip and not finding the command.)
That's all there is to it. Whether wired or wireless, bridged networking isn't that difficult.
last modified: 06/07/2008 20:26:51
url:http://home.nyc.rr.com/computertaijutsu/vboxbridge.html
So I'm working on getting the CCNA. In the midst of this process I have gathered a lot of information regarding:
[[Dynamips]]
[[Dynagen]]
[[GNS3]]
[[cpulimit]]
and I have also copied and saved some scripts.
[[simple1.net]]
[[basic.net]]
[[EIGRP.net]]
[[basic.txt]]
[[EIGRP.txt]]
[[Distributed.net]]
[[Redistribute.txt]]
[[ACL.net (Access control list)]]
[[ACL.txt]]
and written some scripts that help me accomplish my Dynagen/Dynamips startup and shutdown tasks.
[[startDynamips]]
[[cleanupDynamips]]
[[cpulimit]]
http://forums.fedoraforum.org/forum/showthread.php?t=149889&highlight=hydra
1. Installed "radvd" which I found out that I really don't need installed because it is primarily used with IPv6 routers and I am not going to configure my computer to act as such.
2. Read through http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/IPv6Guide which basically describes how to setup an IPv6 router. Again, not useful to me.
3. Edited the following documents:
a. gedit /etc/sysconfig/network, adding:
1. NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
2. IPV6_DEFAULTDEV=tun6to4
b. gedit [[/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-linksys]], adding:
1. IPV6TO4INIT=yes
2. IPV6INIT=yes
4. Signed up for an account with Hurricane Electric at http://www.tunnelbroker.net
5. Followed these steps:
a. ifconfig linksys down
b. ifconfig eth0 down
c. ifconfig sit1 down
d. ifconfig sit0 up
e. ifconfig sit0 inet6 tunnel ::72.52.104.74
f. ifconfig sit1 up
g. ifconfig sit1 inet6 add 2001:470:1f04:4b6::2/64
h. route -A inet6 add ::/0 dev sit1
6. Nothing happened
I believe that because I am behind a router configuring my server with a static IP that the tunnel isn't working properly. More to come!!!
Here I will attempt to document how to create a custom spin. Not going to be an easy task.
These are some of the packages that I've installed.
system-config-kickstart-2.7.22-1.fc11.noarch
spin-kickstarts-0.11.4-1.fc11.noarch
pykickstart-1.54-1.fc11.noarch
livecd-tools-024-1.fc11.i586
yum install rpmfusion-nonfree-remix-kickstarts rpmfusion-free-remix-kickstarts
A remix of Fedora (must have a peak) http://omega.dgplug.org/
Some information but seems rather dated (http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-fedora-livecd/)
This is the command that needs to be executed to build the cd/dvd.
{{{livecd-creator --config=/usr/share/rpmfusion-nonfree-remix-kickstarts/rpmfusion-nonfree-livecd-desktop.ks --fslabel=Fedora-LiveCDNvidia --cache=/mnt/Music/tmp/ --tmpdir=/mnt/Music/tmp2/}}}
Here's another attempt at creating an ultimate spin file. I'm not done yet but this is part of it.
{{{
# Make sure you read /usr/share/doc/rpmfusion-nonfree-remix-kickstarts*/README
# before distributing a linux distribution that is build with this kickstart file
#
%include /usr/share/rpmfusion-free-remix-kickstarts/rpmfusion-free-livecd-desktop.ks
%include /usr/share/rpmfusion-nonfree-remix-kickstarts/rpmfusion-nonfree-live-base.ks
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=F11
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# X Window System configuration information
xconfig --startxonboot
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=md5
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard ko
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Installation logging level
logging --level=info
# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom
# System services
services --disabled="network,sshd" --enabled="NetworkManager"
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Seoul
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none
# Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="ext4" --size=3072
%packages
@games
@graphical-internet
@sound-and-video
@gnome-desktop
nss-mdns
NetworkManager-vpnc
NetworkManager-openvpn
# we don't include @office so that we don't get OOo. but some nice bits
abiword
cheese
# avoid weird case where we pull in more festival stuff than we need
festival
festvox-slt-arctic-hts
# dictionaries are big
-aspell-*
-hunspell-*
-man-pages*
-words
# save some space
-gnome-user-docs
-evolution-help
-gnome-games-help
-nss_db
-isdn4k-utils
-dasher
-evince-dvi
-evince-djvu
-desktop-backgrounds-basic
-constantine-backgrounds-extras
# these pull in excessive dependencies
-ekiga
-tomboy
# things we don't need here
-seahorse
-alacarte
-krb5-auth-dialog
-krb5-workstation
-pam_krb5
-quota
-acpid
-nano
-smartmontools
-minicom
-dos2unix
-finger
-ftp
-jwhois
-mtr
-pinfo
-rsh
-telnet
-unix2dos
-nfs-utils
-ypbind
-yp-tools
-rpcbind
# drop some system-config things
-system-config-boot
-system-config-language
-system-config-lvm
-system-config-network
-system-config-rootpassword
-system-config-services
-policycoreutils-gui
# use the PackageKit helper for bash
PackageKit-command-not-found
# why does the obsoletes not work ?!
-lzma
xz-lzma-compat
# replace bug-buddy by abrt
-kerneloops
abrt-desktop
%end
%post --nochroot
# FIXME: it'd be better to get this installed from a package
cat > /etc/rc.d/init.d/livesys << EOF
#!/bin/bash
#
# live: Init script for live image
#
# chkconfig: 345 00 99
# description: Init script for live image.
. /etc/init.d/functions
if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" liveimg || [ "\$1" != "start" ]; then
exit 0
fi
if [ -e /.liveimg-configured ] ; then
configdone=1
fi
exists() {
which \$1 >/dev/null 2>&1 || return
\$*
}
touch /.liveimg-configured
# mount live image
if [ -b \`readlink -f /dev/live\` ]; then
mkdir -p /mnt/live
mount -o ro /dev/live /mnt/live 2>/dev/null || mount /dev/live /mnt/live
fi
livedir="LiveOS"
for arg in \`cat /proc/cmdline\` ; do
if [ "\${arg##live_dir=}" != "\${arg}" ]; then
livedir=\${arg##live_dir=}
return
fi
done
# enable swaps unless requested otherwise
swaps=\`blkid -t TYPE=swap -o device\`
if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" noswap && [ -n "\$swaps" ] ; then
for s in \$swaps ; do
action "Enabling swap partition \$s" swapon \$s
done
fi
if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" noswap && [ -f /mnt/live/\${livedir}/swap.img ] ; then
action "Enabling swap file" swapon /mnt/live/\${livedir}/swap.img
fi
mountPersistentHome() {
# support label/uuid
if [ "\${homedev##LABEL=}" != "\${homedev}" -o "\${homedev##UUID=}" != "\${homedev}" ]; then
homedev=\`/sbin/blkid -o device -t "\$homedev"\`
fi
# if we're given a file rather than a blockdev, loopback it
if [ "\${homedev##mtd}" != "\${homedev}" ]; then
# mtd devs don't have a block device but get magic-mounted with -t jffs2
mountopts="-t jffs2"
elif [ ! -b "\$homedev" ]; then
loopdev=\`losetup -f\`
if [ "\${homedev##/mnt/live}" != "\${homedev}" ]; then
action "Remounting live store r/w" mount -o remount,rw /mnt/live
fi
losetup \$loopdev \$homedev
homedev=\$loopdev
fi
# if it's encrypted, we need to unlock it
if [ "\$(/lib/udev/vol_id -t \$homedev 2>/dev/null)" = "crypto_LUKS" ]; then
echo
echo "Setting up encrypted /home device"
plymouth ask-for-password --command="cryptsetup luksOpen \$homedev EncHome"
homedev=/dev/mapper/EncHome
fi
# and finally do the mount
mount \$mountopts \$homedev /home
# if we have /home under what's passed for persistent home, then
# we should make that the real /home. useful for mtd device on olpc
if [ -d /home/home ]; then mount --bind /home/home /home ; fi
[ -x /sbin/restorecon ] && /sbin/restorecon /home
if [ -d /home/liveuser ]; then USERADDARGS="-M" ; fi
}
findPersistentHome() {
for arg in \`cat /proc/cmdline\` ; do
if [ "\${arg##persistenthome=}" != "\${arg}" ]; then
homedev=\${arg##persistenthome=}
return
fi
done
}
if strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" persistenthome= ; then
findPersistentHome
elif [ -e /mnt/live/\${livedir}/home.img ]; then
homedev=/mnt/live/\${livedir}/home.img
fi
# if we have a persistent /home, then we want to go ahead and mount it
if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" nopersistenthome && [ -n "\$homedev" ] ; then
action "Mounting persistent /home" mountPersistentHome
fi
# make it so that we don't do writing to the overlay for things which
# are just tmpdirs/caches
mount -t tmpfs -o mode=0755 varcacheyum /var/cache/yum
mount -t tmpfs tmp /tmp
mount -t tmpfs vartmp /var/tmp
[ -x /sbin/restorecon ] && /sbin/restorecon /var/cache/yum /tmp /var/tmp >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ -n "\$configdone" ]; then
exit 0
fi
# add fedora user with no passwd
action "Adding live user" useradd \$USERADDARGS -c "Live System User" liveuser
passwd -d liveuser > /dev/null
# turn off firstboot for livecd boots
chkconfig --level 345 firstboot off 2>/dev/null
# don't start yum-updatesd for livecd boots
chkconfig --level 345 yum-updatesd off 2>/dev/null
# turn off mdmonitor by default
chkconfig --level 345 mdmonitor off 2>/dev/null
# turn off setroubleshoot on the live image to preserve resources
chkconfig --level 345 setroubleshoot off 2>/dev/null
# don't do packagekit checking by default
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t string /apps/gnome-packagekit/frequency_get_updates never >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t string /apps/gnome-packagekit/frequency_get_upgrades never >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t string /apps/gnome-packagekit/frequency_refresh_cache never >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/notify_available false >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/notify_distro_upgrades false >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/enable_check_firmware false >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/enable_check_hardware false >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/enable_codec_helper false >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/enable_font_helper false >/dev/null
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source=xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults -s -t bool /apps/gnome-packagekit/enable_mime_type_helper false >/dev/null
# don't start cron/at as they tend to spawn things which are
# disk intensive that are painful on a live image
chkconfig --level 345 crond off 2>/dev/null
chkconfig --level 345 atd off 2>/dev/null
chkconfig --level 345 anacron off 2>/dev/null
chkconfig --level 345 readahead_early off 2>/dev/null
chkconfig --level 345 readahead_later off 2>/dev/null
# Stopgap fix for RH #217966; should be fixed in HAL instead
touch /media/.hal-mtab
# workaround clock syncing on shutdown that we don't want (#297421)
sed -i -e 's/hwclock/no-such-hwclock/g' /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt
# and hack so that we eject the cd on shutdown if we're using a CD...
if strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" CDLABEL= ; then
cat >> /sbin/halt.local << FOE
#!/bin/bash
# we want to eject the cd on halt, but let's also try to avoid
# io errors due to not being able to get files...
cat /sbin/halt > /dev/null
cat /sbin/reboot > /dev/null
/usr/sbin/eject -p -m \$(readlink -f /dev/live) >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "Please remove the CD from your drive and press Enter to finish restarting"
read -t 30 < /dev/console
FOE
chmod +x /sbin/halt.local
fi
EOF
# bah, hal starts way too late
cat > /etc/rc.d/init.d/livesys-late << EOF
#!/bin/bash
#
# live: Late init script for live image
#
# chkconfig: 345 99 01
# description: Late init script for live image.
. /etc/init.d/functions
if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" liveimg || [ "\$1" != "start" ] || [ -e /.liveimg-late-configured ] ; then
exit 0
fi
exists() {
which \$1 >/dev/null 2>&1 || return
\$*
}
touch /.liveimg-late-configured
# read some variables out of /proc/cmdline
for o in \`cat /proc/cmdline\` ; do
case \$o in
ks=*)
ks="\${o#ks=}"
;;
xdriver=*)
xdriver="--set-driver=\${o#xdriver=}"
;;
esac
done
# this is a bad hack to work around #460581 for the geode
# purely to help move testing along for now
if [ \`grep -c Geode /proc/cpuinfo\` -ne 0 ]; then
cat > /etc/X11/xorg.conf <<FOE
# Xorg configuration created by livna-config-display
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0
EndSection
Section "Files"
ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/nvidia"
ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
EndSection
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "AIGLX" "on"
Option "Xinerama" "0"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "HKC LCD"
HorizSync 30.0 - 80.0
VertRefresh 60.0 - 75.0
Option "DPMS"
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "Videocard0"
Driver "nvidia"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
EndSection
Section "Device"
# I added this per http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?t=173317&highlight=compiz
Identifier "Device0"
Driver "nvidia"
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
BoardName "GeForce 9600 GT"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "MigrationHeuristic" "greedy"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "Videocard0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
SubSection "Display"
Modes "nvidia-auto-select"
EndSubSection
EndSection
Section "Screen"
# Removed Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0, DFP-1: NULL"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Device0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
Option "TwinView" "1"
Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0, DFP-1: nvidia-auto-select +1440+0"
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection
FOE
fi
# if liveinst or textinst is given, start anaconda
if strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" liveinst ; then
plymouth --quit
/usr/sbin/liveinst \$ks
fi
if strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" textinst ; then
plymouth --quit
/usr/sbin/liveinst --text \$ks
fi
# configure X, allowing user to override xdriver
if [ -n "\$xdriver" ]; then
exists system-config-display --noui --reconfig --set-depth=24 \$xdriver
fi
EOF
# workaround avahi segfault (#279301)
touch /etc/resolv.conf
/sbin/restorecon /etc/resolv.conf
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/livesys
/sbin/restorecon /etc/rc.d/init.d/livesys
/sbin/chkconfig --add livesys
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/livesys-late
/sbin/restorecon /etc/rc.d/init.d/livesys-late
/sbin/chkconfig --add livesys-late
# work around for poor key import UI in PackageKit
rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora
# go ahead and pre-make the man -k cache (#455968)
/usr/sbin/makewhatis -w
# save a little bit of space at least...
rm -f /boot/initrd*
# make sure there aren't core files lying around
rm -f /core*
%end
%packages
@admin-tools
@base
@base-x
@core
@dial-up
@fonts
@games
@gnome-desktop
@graphical-internet
@graphics
@hardware-support
@input-methods
@printing
@sound-and-video
gdm
gok
-acpid
-ccid
-coolkey
-dasher
-ekiga
-evince-djvu
-evolution-help
-f-spot
-fedora-release-notes
-gimp-help
-gimp-help-browser
-gnome-games
-gnome-games-help
-gnome-user-docs
-hpijs
-hplip
-isdn4k-utils
-mpage
-nss_db
-numactl
-pinfo
-ql2100-firmware
-ql2200-firmware
-ql23xx-firmware
-ql2400-firmware
-redhat-lsb
-samba-client
-sox
-specspo
-tomboy
-vino
-wget
-words
-xsane
-xsane-gimp
%end
}}}
Deluge is a bittorrent client. I added it mainly because I needed to know what ports to open when I reinstall it.
Ports 6881-6889
Ports 60000-65535 (this range is really for http://mixingbowl.com)
[localhost] #[127.0.0.1:7200]
[[3725]]
image = C:\LAB\image\c3725-i-mz.123-1a.bin
ram = 128
slot1 = NM-4T
idlepc = 0x6054e1c8
[[router FR]]
model =3725
console = 2001
s1/0 = R12 s1/1
s1/1 = R13 s1/1
[[router R11]]
model = 3725
console = 2002
s1/0 = R12 s1/0
[[router R12]]
model = 3725
console = 2003
[[router R13]]
model = 3725
console = 2004
s1/0 = R14 s1/0
[[router R14]]
model = 3725
console = 2005
Well had a bit of a problem with this one for some time. It turns out I was changing the dynagen.ini file in the wrong place :)
Thats what you get for working late. So here is the correct thing to put in your dynagen file which will start Putty. If changing the default look of telnet be sure to save it as when you start Putty from dynagen you will get the default settings.
{{{
gedit /usr/bin/dynagen.ini
~~insert the below~~
telnet = putty -telnet -P %p %h > /dev/null 2>&1 &
}}}
First start Dynamips with
{{{
/usr/local/bin/dynamips -H 7200 &
}}}
Then run dynagen with
{{{
dynagen /home/Elias/dynagen/ ??.net
}}}
Then get idelpc values if they are not set with
{{{
idlepc get R11
idlepc save R11 db
}}}
and don't forget to use cpulimit
Or you can use the below script in /etc/init.d/dynamips
{{{
#!/bin/bash
#
# dynamips This shell script takes care of starting and stopping
# dynamips.
#
# chkconfig: 2345 95 05
# description: Dynamips is a cisco router emulator
# processname: dynamips
# pidfile: /var/run/dynamips.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source dynamips configuration.
PORT=7200
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/dynamips ] ; then
. /etc/sysconfig/dynamips
fi
DYNAMIPS="/usr/local/bin/dynamips-0.2.8-RC2-x86.bin"
[ -f $DYNAMIPS ] || exit 0
RETVAL=0
prog="dynamips"
start() {
# Start daemons.
cd /tmp
echo -n "Starting $prog: "
daemon $DYNAMIPS -H $PORT -l /var/log/dynamips > /dev/null 2>&1 &
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 1 ] && failure && echo -en '\n'
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && echo -en '\n'
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/dynamips
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n "Shutting down $prog: "
killproc dynamips
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/dynamips && echo -ne '\n'
return $RETVAL
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/dynamips ]; then
stop
start
RETVAL=$?
fi
;;
status)
status dynamips
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
}}}
{{{
[localhost] #[127.0.0.1:7200]
[[3745]]
image = /opt/IOS/c3745/c3745-a3jk9s-mz.123-4.T2.bin
ram = 128
slot1 = NM-4T
[[router R11]]
model = 3745
console = 2001
s1/0 = R12 s1/0
s1/1 = R13 s1/0
idlepc = 0x603e3984
[[router R12]]
model = 3745
console = 2002
idlepc = 0x604c38c8
[[router R13]]
model = 3745
console = 2003
idlepc = 0x604c3a64
[[router R14]]
model = 3745
console = 2004
s1/0 = R12 s1/1
s1/1 = R13 s1/1
idlepc = 0x604c3a9c
}}}
[EIGRP]
R11
!
en
conf t
hostname R11
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 172.16.11.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252
band 64
no sh
exit
!
int s1/1
ip add 192.168.1.9 255.255.255.252
band 512
no sh
end
wr
R12
!
en
conf t
hostname R12
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 172.16.12.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
band 64
no sh
exit
!
int s1/1
ip add 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
end
wr
R13
!
en
conf t
hostname R13
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
int s1/1
ip add 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.252
band 512
no sh
end
wr
EIGRP Œ³Á€
R11(config)#router eigrp ?
<1-65535> Autonomous system number
R11(config)#router eigrp 6500
R11(config-router)#no auto-summary
R11(config-router)#passive-interface lo 0
R11(config-router)#eigrp router-id 1.1.1.1
R11(config-router)#network 172.16.11.1
R11(config-router)#network 192.168.1.1
R11(config-router)#network 192.168.1.9
sh run -------------------------------
!
router eigrp 6500
passive-interface Loopback0
network 172.16.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
eigrp router-id 1.1.1.1
!
R12
router eigrp 6500
no auto-summary
passive-interface lo 0
eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2
network 172.16.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
R13
router eigrp 6500
no auto-summary
passive-interface lo 0
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
R13#sh ip eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(6500)/ID(10.10.10.1)
*Mar 1 00:27:22.427: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 6500: Neighbor 192.168.1.2 (Serial1/0) is up: new adjacency[OK]
R11#sh ip ro
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.12.0 [90/6151936] via 192.168.1.10, 00:02:00, Serial1/1
C 172.16.11.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 10.10.10.0 [90/5639936] via 192.168.1.10, 00:02:00, Serial1/1
192.168.1.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.1.8 is directly connected, Serial1/1
C 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
D 192.168.1.4 [90/6023936] via 192.168.1.10, 00:02:01, Serial1/1
R11#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 6500"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 6500
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.0.0
192.168.1.0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.1.10 90 00:03:47
192.168.1.2 90 00:03:47
Distance: internal 90 external 170
R11#sh ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 6500
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
1 192.168.1.10 Se1/1 13 00:04:39 138 828 0 8
0 192.168.1.2 Se1/0 13 00:05:20 45 2280 0 16
R11#sh ip eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(6500)/ID(1.1.1.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 10.10.10.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 5639936
via 192.168.1.10 (5639936/128256), Serial1/1
via 192.168.1.2 (41152000/3139840), Serial1/0
P 192.168.1.8/30, 1 successors, FD is 5511936
via Connected, Serial1/1
P 192.168.1.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 40512000
via Connected, Serial1/0
P 192.168.1.4/30, 1 successors, FD is 6023936
via 192.168.1.10 (6023936/3011840), Serial1/1
via 192.168.1.2 (41024000/3011840), Serial1/0
P 172.16.12.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 6151936
via 192.168.1.10 (6151936/3139840), Serial1/1
via 192.168.1.2 (40640000/128256), Serial1/0
P 172.16.11.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256
via Connected, Loopback0
R11#sh ip route eigrp
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.12.0 [90/6151936] via 192.168.1.10, 00:07:56, Serial1/1
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 10.10.10.0 [90/5639936] via 192.168.1.10, 00:07:56, Serial1/1
192.168.1.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
D 192.168.1.4 [90/6023936] via 192.168.1.10, 00:07:56, Serial1/1
R12#traceroute 172.16.11.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 172.16.11.1
1 192.168.1.6 28 msec 96 msec 36 msec
2 192.168.1.9 60 msec * 104 msec
One of the most efficient programs that I have ever used.
This program helps with permissions on a very large scale.
Download, install, and use it!
yum -y install eiciel
I'm the man, what can I say.
I have been very comfotable using Fedora 8 for almost a year now. Here are some links to items that I found important.
1. editing /etc/bashrc and changing the line:
[ "$PS1" = "\\s-\\v\\\$ " ] && PS1="[\u@\h \W]\\$ "
to
[ "$PS1" = "\\s-\\v\\\$ " ] && PS1="[\u@\h \<font color="red">w</font>]\\$ "
Once you have the virtual machine running XP again, run "cmd" to bring up a shell window and
type "net use x: \\vboxsvr\Desktop" to share your Linux Desktop directory on drive "x:".
Then run "regedit". Save your existing registry with the Export option and edit
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders],
changing the "desktop" key to "x: ;".
{{{
First things, first...
Open a new tab, type about:config into the address bar and hit enter...
The field entitled "filter" is where you type the stuff you see below...
Appearance:
* browser.display.focus_ring_width
This option will remove that annoying ring of dots (aka an ant trail) from selected/active links/elements.
Default value = "1".
"0" = Hide the Focus Ring.
* browser.chrome.toolbar_tips
If you've ever tried dragging and dropping bookmarks around your Bookmarks Toolbar and the Tool Tips got in your way, you'll find this helpful.
(Be careful, though. Some Add-Ons are dependent on Tool Tips).
Default value = "True".
"False" = Disable Tool Tips.
* dom.disable_window_open_feature.* (I just love this one! When you type the entry on the left, you'll narrow the about:config list to 11. Explanation below).
Webpage authors can disable many features of a popup window that they open.
Setting these preferences to "True" will override the author's settings and ensure that that feature is enabled and present in any popup window.
close = Prevent the close button from being disabled.
directories = Prevent the bookmarks toolbar from being hidden.
location = Prevent the address bar from being hidden
menubar = Prevent the menubar from being hidden.
minimizable = Prevent popup window minimization from being disabled.
personalbar = Prevent the bookmarks toolbar from being hidden.
resizable = Prevent popup window resizing from being disabled.
scrollbars = Prevent the scrollbars on a popup from being disabled.
status = Prevent the status bar from being hidden.
titlebar = Prevent the title bar from being hidden.
toolbar = Prevent the navigation toolbar from being hidden.
* browser.tabs.closebuttons
Controls how Close Buttons will be displayed on tabs.
Default value = "1"
"0" = Display a close button on the active tab only.
"1" = Display close buttons on all tabs.
"2" = Don’t display any close buttons.
"3" = Display a single close button at the end of the tab bar (Firefox 1.x behavior).
* browser.blink_allowed (I'd like to KILL however created that damn element tag)...
Mozilla supports both the <blink> HTML element and the blink value for the text-decoration CSS property.
The blinking content produced is usually irritating at best, disorienting and confusing at worst.
For accessibility reasons, the blink effect can be disabled via this preference.
Default = "True"
"False" = Disable blinking text and display it as static text
Functionality:
* browser.helperApps.deleteTempFileOnExit (Does NOT exist by default. To create it, right-click an empty area of the about:config page and select New > Boolean).
Wondering why files downloaded via Open With... in Fx3 are always set to "Read Only"?
Here's what the developers had to say: "This is intentional so people do not modify the files and then save them. We had lots of bugs filed about people losing their work because they did open with and then worked on a file."
For example:
If you're using uTorrent and you try to Remove And > Delete .torrent + data, you'll find that the .torrent file remains because it was set to "Read Only" by Fx3.
Default value = "False"
"True" = Downloaded files will be set to "Read Only".
"False" = Downloaded files will be left alone as they were in Fx2.
* layout.spellcheckdefault
The spell check function, when active, is accessible via the context menu of the text area/form field.
For spell checking to work, the user must have the appropriate dictionary files installed.
Default = "1".
"0" = Disable spellchecker.
"1" = Enable spellchecker for multi-line controls (e.g., text areas).
"2" = Enable spellchecker for multi-line controls and single-line controls (e.g., text areas and form/input fields).
* browser.urlbar.matchonlytyped
Determines behavior of autocomplete in Location Bar.
Default value = "False".
"True" = Only matches typing against URLs specifically typed into Location Bar.
"False" = Match against browser history.
* accessibility.tabfocus
Pressing the Tab button on your keyboard when a web page is in focus will move the focus from element to element. This is helpful when moving to a link you’d like to visit or moving between form fields without using the mouse. This preference determines which elements can be focused by pressing Tab.
Note: In OS X (as of 2005), if this preference is not explicitly set, the “Full Keyboard Access” setting in System Preferences will be honored. All builds before that date (e.g., Firefox 1.0.x) will ignore that setting.
Default = "7" ("1" in OSX)
"1" = Give focus to text fields only. (The default in OS X.)
"2" = Give focus to all form elements except text fields.
"4" = Give focus to links (and linked images) only.
You can add any of the above values together to combine their functionality.
That is, setting this preference to "3" (i.e., 1 + 2) will let you focus both text fields and other form elements.
* browser.preferences.instantApply
"True" (default in all platforms but Windows) = Changes to browser preferences are active immediately. The preferences window is not modal. Instead of "OK" and "Cancel" buttons, there is only a "Close" button.
"False" = Changes to preferences occur only after clicking the "OK" button. The preference window is modal.
* editor.singleline.pastenewlines
Single-line text fields do not allow users to input newlines. Pasting content, however, poses a problem: what happens if pasted content contains newlines?
This is often handled differently on different platforms. This preference determines what happens to multi-line content when it is pasted into a single-line text field.
"0" (default in Linux) = Paste content intact (include newlines).
"1" (default everywhere else) = Paste the content only up to (but not including) the first newline.
"2" = Replace each newline with a space.
"3" = Remove all newlines from content.
"4" = Substitute commas for newlines in text box.
"5" = Remove all newlines and surrounding whitespace.
* layout.word_select.eat_space_to_next_word
This preference controls the selection behaviour when double-clicking text as it relates to the space following the text.
"True" = Select the space up to the following word. (Default on Windows and Mac).
"False" = Do not select any extra spaces. (Default on all platforms except Windows and Mac).
* browser.fixup.alternate.suffix
Firefox tries to automatically add a suffix to the domain name entered if none has.
So, entering www.mozilla would add .com to it because .com is the default suffix that will be added.
You might prefer to add a country code like .fr or .de if you live in those countries. Simply change the setting to your country domain.
Default = ".com"
Please have a look here for various country codes.
Performance:
* content.interrupt.parsing (Does NOT exist by default. To create it, right-click an empty area of the about:config page and select New > Boolean).
This preference controls whether the application will interrupt parsing a page to respond to UI events. .
Default value = "True"
"True" = Parsing can be interrupted to process UI events.
"False" = Parsing cannot be interrupted. The application will be unresponsive until parsing is complete.
* network.prefetch-next
Link prefetching is when a webpage hints to the browser that certain pages are likely to be visited, so the browser downloads them immediately so they can be displayed immediately when the user requests it.
This preference controls whether link prefetching is enabled.
Default = "True".
"False" = Disable Prefetching.
* config.trim_on_minimize (Windows ONLY and does NOT exist by default. To create it, right-click an empty area of the about:config page and select New > Boolean).
Determines how Windows handles RAM usage for the browser while minimized. Setting to False will often prevent delays when restoring the window (see bug 76831).
Default value = "False"
"True" = Allow Windows to trim the working set when the browser is minimized.
"False" = Prevent Windows from trimming the working set.
All of the following are to be used in conjunction with each other to noticeably speed FireFox up...
I'm not going to go into much, (if any), detail on these.
Just trust me that they DO work and you WILL see results...
* network.http.pipelining
* network.http.proxy.pipelining
Default = "False".
"True" = Pipelining enabled.
* network.http.pipelining.maxrequests
Default = "4".
"1" = Disable pipelining.
"2-7" = Maximum number of requests.
"8" = Maximum useful setting. (any higher value will be ignored in favor of the maximum).
* network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-server (It is considered poor etiquette to make too many connections to a server and may lead to you being banned from that server).
Default = "6". (2 in Fx2).
"1" = Lowest possible setting.
"255" = Maximum useful setting. (any higher value will be ignored in favor of the maximum).
* network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-proxy (It is considered poor etiquette to make too many connections to a server and may lead to you being banned from that server).
Default = "8". (4 in Fx2).
"1" = Lowest possible setting.
"255" = Maximum useful setting. (any higher value will be ignored in favor of the maximum).
* network.http.max-connections-per-server (It is considered poor etiquette to make too many connections to a server and may lead to you being banned from that server).
Default = "15". (8 in Fx2).
"1" = Lowest possible setting.
"255" = Maximum useful setting. (any higher value will be ignored in favor of the maximum).
* network.http.max-connections
Default = "30". (24 in Fx2).
"1" = Lowest possible setting.
"65535" = Maximum useful setting. (any higher value will be ignored in favor of the maximum).
* nglayout.initialpaint.delay (Does NOT exist by default. To create it, right-click an empty area of the about:config page and select New > Integer).
The number of milliseconds to wait before first displaying the page.
Default = "250"
"0" = Lowest possible setting.
* If you're on a broadband connection (Cable/DSL, etc) you can use the following settings as a starting point.
These are the settings I'm currently using in Fx3 on my cable connection...
network.http.pipelining = "True"
network.http.proxy.pipelining = "True"
network.http.pipelining.maxrequests = "8"
network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-server = "16"
network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-proxy = "16"
network.http.max-connections-per-server = "16"
network.http.max-connections = "40"
nglayout.initialpaint.delay = "0"
}}}
To get started with this blank TiddlyWiki, you'll need to modify the following tiddlers:
* SiteTitle & SiteSubtitle: The title and subtitle of the site, as shown above (after saving, they will also appear in the browser title bar)
* MainMenu: The menu (usually on the left)
* DefaultTiddlers: Contains the names of the tiddlers that you want to appear when the TiddlyWiki is opened
You'll also need to enter your username for signing your edits: <<option txtUserName>>
[[Blog]]
What’s your learning theory?
To find out your learning theory, go through the questionnaire and tick the alternatives closest to your own ideas for your future lessons – try to choose one out of each four, but you can tick more than one if you feel you have to.
1. The goal of language teaching is chiefly –
a) the mental advantages of understanding a language system.
@@b) the ability to use language in everyday situations.@@
c) the ability to communicate with people.
d) the self-fulfillment of the learner’s potential.
2. What are students actually learning in your future classes? Is it mainly –
a) language rules?
b) habits of speaking?
@@c) how to communicate with people?@@
d) how to form relationships with people?
3. In what way are they learning in your class? Is it chiefly by -
a) consciously understanding the language?
b) practising language until it is an automatic habit?
c) trying to communicate with people?
@@d) using language to express themselves and their feelings?@@
4. How important are the grammatical mistakes they make?
a) They show they have not understood the grammar properly.
b) They show they have practised insufficiently or inadequately.
c) They are symptoms of the learners’ progress.
@@d) They are trivial provided the learner can relate to herself and others.@@
5. Should anything be done about their grammatical mistakes?
a) Yes, they should be pointed out and their cause explained.
@@b) Yes, they should be corrected before they are learned and do permanent damage.@@
c) No, they are just an inevitable passing phase from which the student will emerge naturally.
d) No, they are not important to the learner as long as he can relate to others.
6. In the classroom I’m going to attach great importance to –
a) explaining grammatical structures clearly.
b) plenty of repetition and drilling.
c) getting the students to communicate with each other.
@@d) the students’ personal relationships.@@
7. In my lessons the students will usually –
a) sit in a row or rows facing me.
b) practise hard in the language lab, and in the classroom carry out a lot of repetition and substitution drills.
@@c) perform communication tasks in small groups or pairs.@@
d) express their feelings and wishes to each other.
Now count up how many of each letter: a), b), c) and d) you have.
I am currently working on getting things working in Linux.
Here is what I have done so far.
IPv6 is a protocol that will allow for a larger IP addressing scheme.
I'm using Fedora 8 *Werewolf* and have accomplished the following steps:
[[Command Line Work]] not distribution specific
[[SixSX and AICCU]]
[[IPv6 resources]]
Here is a list of resources that I have found on the net, that have been quite helpful in my discovery of IPv6.
A guide for configuring an IPv6 router
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/IPv6Guide
A great thesis project giving an overview of how IPv6 works
http://www.memoireonline.com/03/08/970/quality-of-service-performance-characterization-ipv4-ipv6.html
Hurricane Electric, my first try an tunnelbrokering.
http://www.tunnelbroker.net
I actually don't like the very *vanilla* way that they are going about aiding people in getting started with IPv6.
Also
/usr/share/doc/initscripts-8.60/ipv6-6to4.howto
/usr/share/doc/initscripts-8.60/ipv6-tunnel.howto
First I have installed Eclipse then the following:
jython-2.2.1-0.1.Release_2_2_1.1jpp.1.fc9.i386
jython-manual-2.2.1-0.1.Release_2_2_1.1jpp.1.fc9.i386
jython-javadoc-2.2.1-0.1.Release_2_2_1.1jpp.1.fc9.i386
jython-demo-2.2.1-0.1.Release_2_2_1.1jpp.1.fc9.i386
eclipse-pydev-1.3.17-1.fc9.i386 ********************** Very important *********************************
You can browse the python module docs (the stuff available using the help function or using '?' in ipython) in a web browser: in a terminal enter "pydoc -p 6666" then point your web-browser at http://localhost:6666.
More information can be found at:
http://pydev.sourceforge.net
May 16, 2008
Journal Module Two
I would like to be one of the learners that absorbs everything, however I know this is not going to be the case. I am going to really have to study and that is something that I have not been used to doing for over a year now. I do however possess teaching experience, but am afraid that my experience is going to be frowned upon as misleading or non-educational.
My only resolution about this course is that I should have started it a month earlier, or rather should have saved up the money in order to have started a month earlier. Other than that, there are no other regrets. I am very excited but a little nervous because I don't want to fail. I am paying a lot for this course, and of course I realize that that payment doesn't guarantee my graduation but I hope that I can stay focused and receive my TESOL.
I speak Spanish. According to my ex-Spanish teacher, who at the time was working on her doctoral thesis project, one that involved several volunteers for verbal Spanish language assessments, I scored intermediate high/advanced low. Her analysis was that there are some Masters students who whilst in their 3rd year don't possess that ability. As a side note, and by no means trying to cut myself short, my school was in North Carolina, a place very far from a Spanish speaking country.
Please write your third journal entry, reflecting on what you’re learnt so far on the course. This should be between 150-250 words. Here are some questions to help you know what to write:
What have you learnt about learning and teaching?
Is there a method that appeals to you?
Are you familiar with any other methods?
How does your initial questionnaire relate to any of the theories you read about?
What did you score most: a, b or c?
These are only to give you an idea of the kind of things you could write. If there’s something else that has made an impression on you from the reading or the tasks you could write about that.
Thus far I have learned a great deal about the process of teaching English with regard to leveling students appropriately, understanding linguistics, and finally grammar rules. I am feeling more confident about teaching in the future and passing on this new found knowledge to my students.
My current method of teaching follows that of the indeductive approach. (Although, I have implemented with great success the project approach, a method not mentioned in the text) The main reason that the inductive approach is used is because the lesson plans that the teachers, myself included, use at our private school is very systemic.
Take for instance a series called, Wake Up. In this series the general rule of thumb for how the class is conducted is as follows. First ten minutes, taking role and engaging the children with questions about the day of the week (Monday, Tuesday...), whilst writing these on the whiteboard we check for spelling with students, and then they open their student books to the day's lesson. There are two pages to be covered every class, this where we introduce new vocabulary. Next they take out there activity books for the activation part of the class/positive reinforcement stage. The last five minutes of class are for the phonics lesson, which to me is the most important.
It's safe to say that about 99% of all teachers at our institution follow this model of teaching. Engage, activate, and study, but sometimes depending on the day and mood of the class things can either go a little lighter or heavier. I also try to have variation in my classes, because all of us get a little tired of the monotony present in the syllabuses.
150-250 words.
What have you learnt about English phonology?
How could you help your future learners with phonology?
How do you feel about your accent? Do you think you are easy to understand?
While in Buenos Aires, Argentina I fell in love with this mans work. I have tried over the past several months, on-and-off again, to compile some compendum of information related to his legacy. Here is one link that I found that surmises some of the high points of his life.
http://www.cortazartextual.com.ar/
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This is an account of things I have accomplished and things I mean to.
I am currently running [[Fedora 8]] *werewolf* with a HTTP/FTP/VNC server.
[[Fedora 9]] released
Here is a list of some of my favorite programs
[[youtube-dl]]
[[Updating compiz in Fedora 11]]
[[rpmorphan]]
[[Custom Spin/Remix]]
[[Nvidia kmod]]
[[YUM]]
[[SSL Certificate]]
[[Static IP]]
[[Eiciel]]
[[Mnemosyne]]
[[VirtualBox]]
[[Apache]]
[[Wordpress]]
[[Firefox tweeks]]
[[Deluge]]
[[ReiserFS]]
[[Skype]]
[[gSopcast]]
[[VNC]]
[[RPM]]
[[RssOwl]]
[[VLC and Korean Fonts]]
[[Useful Bash stuff]]
[[sed]]
[[mkisofs]]
[[Password protecting httpd directories]]
Experimental::
[[Spindown]]
[[Testdisk]]
[[Powertop]]
[[Asterisk]]
[[Chess]]
[[Screen]]
Old Posts
[[Really old stuff]]
[[Reinstall Everything]]
[[Reefkeeping]]
[[Linux]]
[[Python]]
[[IPv6]]
[[VOIP]]
[[TEFL]]
[[CCNA]]
[[TiddlyWiki]]
This is a really great program for creating virtual flashcards. It requires pyGame to run and one other dependency, but it's very useful and understands Korean, Japanese, and even Chinese characters.
@@http://www.mnemosyne-proj.org/index.php@@
*Warm up task
What Makes a Good Teacher
by Elias Hickman
I am going to choose the example question, because I feel that it is sufficient enough to answer in 250-300 words. Who was the best teacher that I ever had? Why?
I believe that the best teacher that I ever had was Mr. David Churchill a Spanish language professor at a community college that I attended in North Carolina in 2001. Mr. Churchill, a middle class American from Massachusetts that married a Nicaraguan, commented on how he learned Spanish despite being told by many that it was not useful and that he would not need it to get a job. It's funny how going against the odds at that point in his life made such a difference later on.
The main reason that I believe Mr. Churchill left such an impact on me was the simple fact that he was always entertaining. He was very well prepared, to the point that he could play around with the material, fully knowing that albeit a gargantuan amount needed to be accomplished within the 45 minute time frame allotted, he could make it happen. The lesson objectives and level of Spanish were very basic, however he always kept the material interesting and fresh. I know myself, and although I could walk into any one of the classes he taught and following the lesson plan accomplish the same objectives, I could not perform it with the flair, zeal, nor panache that he exuded.
Mr. Churchill left an impression on me that many other teachers before and after hadn't, but that isn't to say that I haven't had my share of great teachers. I think great teachers are molded moreover than born, and I hope to one day be one.
[[Journal]]
Resources
http://ressources-cla.univ-fcomte.fr/english/grammar/grammar.htm
http://a4esl.org/
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/
[[Harmer New Questionnaire]]
[[Journal3]]
Resources
http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/methodology/hlt.shtml
http://www.jwelford.demon.co.uk/brainwaremap/suggest.html
http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/methodology/cll.shtml
http://www.tpr-world.com/
[[Warm Up Task]]
[[Journal4]] (Incomplete as of June 9, 2008)
Resources
http://www.soundsofenglish.org/pronunciation/index.htm
Just go to
http://www.myp2p.eu
to register and view sports online
I was having a problem with my nvidia driver loading a python module it needed.
It actually wasn't the card nor the driver but the module that had the problem. I solved it by doing the following.
There's a bug in one of the python modules. To avoid
this bug, remove any reference to "InputDevice" in the /etc/X11/xorg.conf
file. http://www.motherboardpoint.com/nvidia-error-linux-t239343.html
Here was the original problem from /var/log/boot.log
<<<
Checking for module nvidia.ko: [ OK ]
Enabling the nvidia driver: *** glibc detected *** /usr/bin/python: free(): invalid pointer: 0x00f0924a ***
======= Backtrace: =========
/lib/libc.so.6[0x3212a1]
/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ixf86configmodule.so[0xf03a57]
/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ixf86configmodule.so[0xf001ab]
/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ixf86configmodule.so[0xefc0a5]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0[0x57f7391]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyDict_SetItem+0x81)[0x57fa0a1]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0[0x57cf3c0]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyObject_SetAttr+0x90)[0x57fd410]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_EvalFrameEx+0x2467)[0x5854fc7]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_EvalFrameEx+0x53ad)[0x5857f0d]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_EvalCodeEx+0x7b9)[0x5858d79]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0[0x57e7b87]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyObject_Call+0x5c)[0x57bb72c]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0[0x57d1284]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyObject_Call+0x5c)[0x57bb72c]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords+0x54)[0x5851f14]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyInstance_New+0x75)[0x57d0a65]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyObject_Call+0x5c)[0x57bb72c]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_EvalFrameEx+0x3ecd)[0x5856a2d]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_EvalCodeEx+0x7b9)[0x5858d79]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyEval_EvalCode+0x63)[0x5858ed3]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0[0x5873eab]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyRun_FileExFlags+0x92)[0x5873f72]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags+0xda)[0x587551a]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(PyRun_AnyFileExFlags+0x7a)[0x5875daa]
/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0(Py_Main+0xb82)[0x5882592]
/usr/bin/python(main+0x27)[0x80485c7]
/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xe6)[0x2c7a66]
/usr/bin/python[0x8048501]
======= Memory map: ========
00110000-0011b000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 4794 /lib/libnss_files-2.10.1.so
0011b000-0011c000 r--p 0000a000 08:03 4794 /lib/libnss_files-2.10.1.so
0011c000-0011d000 rw-p 0000b000 08:03 4794 /lib/libnss_files-2.10.1.so
0011d000-00121000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 11976 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/stropmodule.so
00121000-00123000 rw-p 00004000 08:03 11976 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/stropmodule.so
00123000-0012a000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 11340 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_struct.so
0012a000-0012c000 rw-p 00006000 08:03 11340 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_struct.so
001d8000-001da000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 11240 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_functools.so
001da000-001db000 rw-p 00001000 08:03 11240 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_functools.so
0024f000-00279000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103753 /lib/libgcc_s-4.4.1-20090729.so.1
00279000-0027a000 rw-p 00029000 08:03 103753 /lib/libgcc_s-4.4.1-20090729.so.1
00289000-002a9000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103695 /lib/ld-2.10.1.so
002a9000-002aa000 r--p 0001f000 08:03 103695 /lib/ld-2.10.1.so
002aa000-002ab000 rw-p 00020000 08:03 103695 /lib/ld-2.10.1.so
002b1000-0041c000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103697 /lib/libc-2.10.1.so
0041c000-0041e000 r--p 0016b000 08:03 103697 /lib/libc-2.10.1.so
0041e000-0041f000 rw-p 0016d000 08:03 103697 /lib/libc-2.10.1.so
0041f000-00422000 rw-p 0041f000 00:00 0
00424000-0044a000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103715 /lib/libm-2.10.1.so
0044a000-0044b000 r--p 00025000 08:03 103715 /lib/libm-2.10.1.so
0044b000-0044c000 rw-p 00026000 08:03 103715 /lib/libm-2.10.1.so
0044e000-00451000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103711 /lib/libdl-2.10.1.so
00451000-00452000 r--p 00002000 08:03 103711 /lib/libdl-2.10.1.so
00452000-00453000 rw-p 00003000 08:03 103711 /lib/libdl-2.10.1.so
00455000-0046b000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103707 /lib/libpthread-2.10.1.so
0046b000-0046c000 ---p 00016000 08:03 103707 /lib/libpthread-2.10.1.so
0046c000-0046d000 r--p 00016000 08:03 103707 /lib/libpthread-2.10.1.so
0046d000-0046e000 rw-p 00017000 08:03 103707 /lib/libpthread-2.10.1.so
0046e000-00470000 rw-p 0046e000 00:00 0
004ac000-004ad000 r-xp 004ac000 00:00 0 [vdso]
004ad000-0058a000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103698 /lib/libglib-2.0.so.0.2000.4
0058a000-0058b000 rw-p 000dd000 08:03 103698 /lib/libglib-2.0.so.0.2000.4
00592000-005d2000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103710 /lib/libgobject-2.0.so.0.2000.4
005d2000-005d3000 rw-p 00040000 08:03 103710 /lib/libgobject-2.0.so.0.2000.4
005d5000-005d8000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103712 /lib/libgmodule-2.0.so.0.2000.4
005d8000-005d9000 rw-p 00002000 08:03 103712 /lib/libgmodule-2.0.so.0.2000.4
00e0c000-00e0f000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 11277 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_localemodule.so
00e0f000-00e10000 rw-p 00003000 08:03 11277 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_localemodule.so
00e9f000-00ea5000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 11665 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/operator.so
00ea5000-00ea7000 rw-p 00005000 08:03 11665 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/operator.so
00ef6000-00f0d000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 61076 /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ixf86configmodule.so
00f0d000-00f11000 rw-p 00016000 08:03 61076 /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ixf86configmodule.so
04e4f000-04e51000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 103785 /lib/libutil-2.10.1.so
04e51000-04e52000 r--p 00001000 08:03 103785 /lib/libutil-2.10.1.so
04e52000-04e53000 rw-p 00002000 08:03 103785 /lib/libutil-2.10.1.so
05794000-058e0000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 63183 /usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0
058e0000-0590b000 rw-p 0014c000 08:03 63183 /usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0
0590b000-05914000 rw-p 0590b000 00:00 0
08048000-08049000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 104449 /usr/bin/python
08049000-0804a000 rw-p 00000000 08:03 104449 /usr/bin/python
09e08000-09eca000 rw-p 09e08000 00:00 0 [heap]
b7cfb000-b7d7d000 rw-p b7cfb000 00:00 0
b7d7d000-b7f7d000 r--p 00000000 08:03 48539 /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive
b7f7d000-b8002000 rw-p b7f7d000 00:00 0
bf9d5000-bf9ed000 rw-p bffe8000 00:00 0 [stack]
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions: line 513: 1377 Aborted "$@"
[FAILED]
>>>
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</div>
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<div id='mainMenu' refresh='content' tiddler='MainMenu'></div>
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Here is a link by SenDerek on how to get your webserver setup.
http://www.derekhildreth.com/blog/tutorial-setup-your-own-self-hosted-simple-web-server-for-free/
Yes I know its for VSFTPd, however if you want to add protection via web FTP access, use the builtin tools
Set your HTTPd to use the .htaccess file (AllowOverride All) in your httpd.conf.
Visit this site to read on and about creating 2 files. One for the directory you want to protect, second for the userlist/password doc thats encrypted.
link: http://uk.builder.com/architecture/...20274925,00.htm
The access.conf file
More than likely, you're using a recent version of Apache that uses the access.conf file. In my Linux distribution (Red Hat FC4), this file is located in /etc/httpd/conf/. If your distribution is different and doesn't locate this file in the same place, simply run locate access.conf to find out where access.conf is tucked away (run updatedb to create the database first). Take a look at this file; edit the line that says ALLOWOVERRIDE NONE, change to ALLOWOVERRIDE ALL,
File setup
With the directories you want protected, it's time to create the files and passwords associated with the directories. First, you must change to the directory you want to protect. (For this example, I'll use /var/www/html/special-private/.) Next, create the .htaccess file with the command "touch .htaccess". Open that file with your favourite text editor and enter the following, where USERNAME is the actual username that the administrator or user will log on with:
AuthUserFile /var/www/html/special-private/.htpasswd
AuthGroupFile /www.null
AuthName "Authorization Required"
AuthType Basic
<Limit GET POST>
require user USERNAME
</Limit>
Here, you see the following directives:
* AuthUserFile is the path to the password file I'll create momentarily.
* AuthGroupFile is the path to the group password file.
* AuthName creates what is referred to as a realm of protection, which allows users, once successfully logged on, to access any area defined by the same realm.
* AuthType is the type of authorization; this should be set to Basic.
* Within the <Limit> tags, you will define who is allowed access to this particular directory.
Set .htaccess passwords
To finish the .htaccess setup, you must create a password for the user with the htpasswd command. This command will create the password for the specified user and create the necessary password file (as configured in the AuthUserFile directive above).
The syntax of this command is htpasswd password_file_name user. In this case, you're not only creating the user password, but you're also creating the password file, so you need to add the -c (create) flag. Thus, the user will be BOBBY and the password file (.htpasswd) will be located in the /var/www/html/special-private/ directory. For this process to happen, you'll run the command "htpasswd -c /var/www/html/special-private/.htpasswd BOBBY. Upon pressing [Enter], you will be prompted for a password that will be associated with the user. The directory will now be accessible only to those in the .htpasswd file. ** This file (.htpasswd) can be ANYWHERE as long as it is not accessable to reg users. You can place it virtually anywhere and then ensure that each .htaccess file you create, you edit the line AuthUserFile /var/www/html/special-private/.htpasswd to point to the location.
** to add to this file, drop the -c and just add name (htpasswd /var/www/html/special-private/.htpasswd JONSEY)
Using groups
Using single user files is not so convenient when you have a number of users who need access to a specific directory. If you want to allow a group to access a specified directory, you will want to make use of the AuthGroupFile directive in the .htaccess file. In this file, you will replace the require user USERNAME with require group GROUPNAME. You can also use a combination of user and group or even multiple entries of either (or combinations). For example, you could have the following directives in your .htaccess file:
require user USERNAME
require group GROUP1 GROUP2
The next step is to create the group file, which consists of a group name, followed by a colon, and a space-separated list of included users. Let's say you have a group called staff that includes users buffy, willow, giles, xander, and dawn. The entry in the group file for this group would look like
staff: buffy willow giles xander dawn
The group is limited to 8 KB in size (or 8,000 characters).
With the group file in place, you will still need to use .htaccess to create the passwords for the group members (as shown above). To give a new user access to the particular directory, you simply have to add his or her username to the group file.
Logging on
When a user attempts to access the restricted page, he or she will be greeted with a logon screen asking for username and password, once validated, user will be granted access to that directory and can continue on...
___________________________
@@http://forums.fedoraforum.org/forum/showthread.php?t=65246&highlight=password+protect+directories@@
@@http://resources.zdnet.co.uk/articles/0,1000001991,25274925,00.htm@@
http://www.lesswatts.org/projects/powertop/
This tool helps you manage programs that me cause excessive disk access.
Computer programs can make your computer use more power. PowerTOP is a Linux tool that helps you find those programs that are misbehaving while your computer is idle. The application that misbehaved the most was the Linux kernel. However, as of version 2.6.21, the Linux kernel went tickless, and no longer has a fixed 1000Hz timer tick. The result (in theory) is huge power savings because the CPU stays in low power mode for longer periods during system idle.
However... there are many things that can ruin the party, both inside the kernel and in userspace. PowerTOP combines various sources of information from the kernel into one convenient screen so that you can see how well your system is doing at saving power, and which components are the biggest problems.
PowerTOP has these four basic goals:
* Show how well your system is using the various hardware power-saving features
* Show you the culprit software components that are preventing optimal usage of your hardware power savings
* Help Linux developers test their application and achieve optimal behavior
* Provide you with tuning suggestions to achieve low power consumption
[[Installation]]
[[Setup]]
I've had a problem recently where my hard drive crashed and I couldn't boot it.
I then reinstalled F9 and have since been in the process of replacing the packages that I had installed.
I'm following suggestions from a thread that I posted at fedoraforum.org.
Code:
rpm -qa --dbpath DIRECTORY | sort > old.list
Then on the new system:
Code:
su - rpm -qa | sort > new.list
Quote:
Originally Posted by marcrblevins
Version number might get in the way, try this for both side, it eliminates the version numbers.
Code:
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}\n" | sort > old.list
you might also use do some greps on the diffence and get the packages that were on the old system but not on the new then you can use xargs to get a space separated list to use with yum
thinking out loud.
S.
Today 12:04 PM PDT
marcrblevins Version number might get in the way, try this for both side, it eliminates the version numbers.
Code:
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}\n" | sort > old.list
Try this at your terminal:
Code:
su - touch whatpack
chmod 755 whatpack
Use your favorite editor, copy/paste this in the whatpack file.
Code:
#!/bin/bash
#set -x
for file in `cat old.list`; do
findnew=`grep $file new.list`
if [ "$file" != "$findnew" ]; then
echo "Processing $file..."
yum -y install $file
fi
done
Then run it:
Code:
./whatpack
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0730983927/sr=8-13/qid=1156736079/ref=sr_1_13/103-3033647-0123848?ie=UTF8
http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/rotidr.html
http://www.marinedepot.com/ps_ViewItem.aspx?idproduct=AM1511
Posted by elias under Technology
1 Comment
Where I want to be in the next couple of months.
http://www.astricon.net/
Recently, I have been downloading lots of Asterisk related packages and trying to get a VoIP tunnel working. I successfully installed the RPMS for Asterisk but felt that was too easy. So I uninstalled everything, because there were also dependencies that I just didn’t need on my box, and put to work on getting a functional PBX.
For Zapatel I needed to yum install yum-utils rpmdevtools and then yumdowloader --source kernel once that was complete, I had to cd /usr/local/zapatel and make KSRC=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.23.9-85.fc8-i586/; make install KSRC=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.23.9-85.fc8-i586/ .
I am still clueless as to why I had to build these modules because I have no Zapatel equipment, and don’t believe that I need any either.
I finally built the libpri package and am going to download AseriskGUI a package desperately needed. Although, I would be inclined to learn Python enough to make my own frontend.
(more…)
Wed 23 Jan 2008
Setting up VNC
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
Here’s the tut I am using. Every server setup
Sun 20 Jan 2008
Xscreensaver/gnome-screensaver (Out with the old, in with the older)
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
How I got rid of gnome-screensaver and installed xscreensaver
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=195557
Sun 20 Jan 2008
Surfing the net anonymously
Posted by elias under Technology
No Comments
I have come across many instances when I was not allowed to view video clips, especially of soccer games in Latin America, while here in Korea. Tonight, I found the solution and it’s called Tor. Unlike a proxy server this properly assigns your computer while you are surfing an anonymous IP address. When I tested it here in Korea, it said that my IP address was assigned from a company in Sweden. I am very happy now and hope to be viewing some Latin American futbol streaming on my computer soon.
Sat 19 Jan 2008
Web Server - D.I.Y.
Posted by elias under Fedora 8 , Technology
No Comments
I found a website that will help me create my own webserver. Need to hop on it right away.
Here’s the link SendDerek’s Blog
Fri 18 Jan 2008
RAID0 (striped mode) in Fedora 8 (software)
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
An attempt to setup two 10 gig partitions, on two separate disks, in Fedora using RAID 0. The process… (more…)
Tue 15 Jan 2008
Screenlets
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
I found these really cool applets for your desktop and am in the process of getting them installed. I am having to download a lot of dependencies but luckily “yum” is taking care of most of the work.
Really looking forward to setting up a software RAID with reiserfs. (If I can find time to look for documentation).
Oh, I’m also looking forward to paying some people back some money that I owe them. More to come
Wed 9 Jan 2008
Getting things organized
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
I am trying to stay in Korea and in order for that to become possible there are a couple of documents that I need to get together. Here is a link to a web site to help with the criminal record check.
http://travel.state.gov/travel/tips/emergencies/emergencies_1201.html
http://apostille.us/
Here is a link to the FBI’s site for requesting background checks.
http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cjisd/fprequest.htm
Tue 8 Jan 2008
Gigabyte P31-DS3R
Posted by elias under Technology , out and about
No Comments
I just purchased the bulk of my computer parts. I now have the motherboard a Gigabyte P31-DS3R, 4 gigs DDR2 ram, GeForce 7600, case and power supply. The only thing I lack is Vista (because XP doesn’t support 4 gigs of memory) for games, and one more hard drive. I’m only going to purchase a 100 gig because I already have 2×250 gig ones in my current setup. (more…)
Sun 6 Jan 2008
Asterisk
Posted by elias under Technology
No Comments
I n the last 7 months become an incredible fan of VoIP, but mainly have been devoting my time to configuring my current system, which has really only been up at least 2 months. So, my next move is to look more into Asterisk and hope that I can re-enter the IT community. (If even on the sidelines.)
Rebuilding the nVidia driver
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
Another entry related to Linux. So I rebuilt the kernel but negelected to rebuild the nVidia kernel module. I did however, find some important information on how to rebuild it. Here’s how it’s done.
1. Install
http://livna-dl.reloumirrors.net/fedora/8/SRPMS/
$ sudo yum install -y buildsys-build-rpmfusion-kerneldevpkgs-newest-i686 kmodtool
2. Grab the file nvidia-kmod-src file
or just hunt it down at Livna
As user:
$ sudo yum install rpmdevtools-6.4-1.fc8 (You should have done this if you rebuilt the kernel)
$ rpmdev-setuptree
$ rpmbuild –rebuild –target=i686 nvidia-kmod-169.07-1.lvn8.src.rpm
$ cp -av ~/USER/rpmbuild/RPMS/i686/kmod-nvidia-*.rpm ~/USER
(You can use ’sudo’ here if it you choose)
# su -m
# rpm -ivh *.rpm
# gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf &
# /usr/sbin/nvidia-config-display enable
Replaced these two lines
ModulePath “/usr/X11R6/lib/modules/extensions/nvidia”
ModulePath “/usr/X11R6/lib/modules”
by
ModulePath “/usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/nvidia”
ModulePath “/usr/lib/xorg/modules”
Reboot.
The above information I snagged from http://clunixchit.blogspot.com/2006/02/fc5-test-2-nvidia-finally-successful.html
It was a little outdated though so I changed some things for Fedora 8.
I’m not having much luck. I am getting the same error with versions when I try to install it that I was getting with my kernel build.
$sudo rpm -ivvh rpmbuild/RPMS/i686/kmod-nvidia-2.6.23.9-85.fc8-169.07-1.fc8.i686.rpm
tells me package kmod-nvidia-2.6.23.9-85.fc8-169.07-1.lvn8.i686 (which is newer than kmod-nvidia-2.6.23.9-85.fc8-169.07-1.fc8.i686) is already installed
Thu 3 Jan 2008
Blog readability
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
While ramdonmly looking for some CSS code to edit my blog I stumbled across a blog in a very happenstance sort of way that contained an entry to a blog readability test. So of course being curious I plugged my URL into the field and the results for my blog came back rather quickly. Elementary school level.
Now in all honesty, I do write like I talk. I know this. However, in my own best interest I believe that I am going to need to write more meaningful deeply thought out entries as I plan to take the GRE here in Korea, even if I decide to go back to the US for a little while.
Wed 2 Jan 2008
Zekton
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
Finally I found the answer to installing fonts in Fedora 8.
http://vietunicode.sourceforge.net/howto/fontlinux.html
Here’s a pretty cool site with loads of monospaced fonts
http://www.lowing.org/fonts/
Mon 31 Dec 2007
Dreamweaver 8 — Fixing the site
Posted by elias under Technology , out and about
No Comments
Since I got Dreamweaver 8 to run in Linux (again!) using Wine, I am in the process of updating the site. Please come visit the Gallery section in a day or so as I will have added new photos. :)
Sun 30 Dec 2007
Kernel Compile Time
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
Although I have not got it to work completely yet. I thought I would post my accomplishments thus far.
1. Downloaded the source for kernel-2.6.23.9-85.fc8 and installed it.
2. Followed these directions … CustomKernel
3. Added a few bits:
~line 41: %define release %(R="$Revision: 1.2925.test $”; RR=”${R##: }”; echo ${RR%%?})%{?dist}
This helped immensely, because it allowed me to build two seperate kernels and install them with
4. rpm –force
Included is my renamed .config file. I’m calling it kernel.config.kernel.config
My sources were FedoraForum.org and fedoraproject.org/wiki
Tue 25 Dec 2007
Automount
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
I found a tut on configuring automount under gnome so it doesn’t arbitrarily automount partitions under /media/disk??
http://felipec.wordpress.com/2006/12/28/automounting-a-storage-device-with-gnome
Here is my file–/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/95userpolicy/10-external.fdi:
Mon 24 Dec 2007
Back from vacation
Posted by elias under out and about
No Comments
I will be posting some photos soon.
Sat 22 Dec 2007
Busan
Posted by elias under out and about
No Comments
I made it here. My first day was quite exciting. It’s not over yet but I am having a good time. I went to the APAC site, a political convention of sorts I imagine, then headed over to the Busan museum of modern art. I am going to post pictures shortly. I love the beach.
Thu 20 Dec 2007
Compiz-Fusion Part 4 — Final Dance
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
I am going to upload my yum.conf file so that when I install Linux on Hanna’s computer next week it won’t take 20 hours. I am also going to upload a file that details the packages and dependencies needed for Compiz-Fusion on Fedora 8. Compiz-Fusion (for Gnome) and Depencies
Here’s my history file so far…History.txt
The history file is nothing much. I thought it would include the bit where I went into the directory and upgraded all of the packages. It doesn’t though. However, Compiz-Fusion and ‘fusion-icon’ work like never before. I am really really really happy and hope to get to work on Hanna’s computer tonight. That’s all. :)
Thu 20 Dec 2007
Fedora 8 (Werewolf)
Posted by elias under Fedora 8
No Comments
I decided to just scrap Fedora 7 and go for a fresh install of Fedora 8. The only thing, is that now I am looking to install all essential drivers and compile the kernel. However, there seems to be a lack of concrete howto’s and information on an easy step by step way to make my computer more manageable and faster reacting. (more…)
Compiz-Fusion Part 3
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
No Comments
I can’t remember all of the places that I visited in the last two days trying to get Beryl/Compiz-Fusion to work on my box. I have an nVidia 6800 and was having some problems because I installed a script that was for an ATI card. I could have killed myself after that. But it really gave me an opportunity to learn about the actual requirements for this wonderful environment to work.
So I uninstalled everything and thought all hope was lost because the command “gnome-xgl-switch” had disappeared.
Reading post after post from http://forum.compiz-fusion.org/ I managed to narrow down my problems to my /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. I am attaching it here for everyone (mainly me). xorg.conf
Here’s what I have on my system currently–Glxinfo and Yum installed packages
Tue 18 Dec 2007
Compiz-Fusion Part 2
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
No Comments
Still working…
[root@localhost ~]# yum list *compiz* beryl* emerald*
Loading “priorities” plugin
0 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Installed Packages
compiz.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
compiz-fusion-plugins-extra.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 installed
compiz-fusion-plugins-main.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 installed
compiz-gnome.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
compizconfig-python.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
emerald.i386 0.5.2-0.1git.fc7 installed
emerald-themes.noarch 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
gset-compiz.i386 0.3.3-1 installed
libcompizconfig.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 installed
Available Packages
beryl.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-core.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-core-devel.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-gnome.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-kde.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-manager.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-plugins.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-plugins-unsupported.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-settings.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
beryl-settings-simple.i386 0.2.1-1.fc7 updates
compiz-all.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-bcop.noarch 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-extra-debuginfo.i3 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-main-debuginfo.i38 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-main-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-unsupported.i386 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-fusion-plugins-unsupported-debugi 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compiz-kde.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-backend-gconf.i386 0.6.0-2.fc8 compiz-fusion
compizconfig-backend-gconf-debuginfo.i38 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-backend-kconfig.i386 0.6.0-1.fc8 compiz-fusion
compizconfig-backend-kconfig-debuginfo.i 0.5.2-0.2.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-python-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
compizconfig-python-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
emerald-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1git.fc7 kagesenshi
emerald-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1git.fc7 kagesenshi
gnome-compiz-manager.i386 0.10.4-1.fc7 updates
gnome-compiz-manager-devel.i386 0.10.4-1.fc7 updates
kicker-compiz.i386 3.5.4-3.fc7 updates
libcompizconfig-debuginfo.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
libcompizconfig-devel.i386 0.5.2-0.1.fc7 kagesenshi
[root@localhost ~]#
Sun 16 Dec 2007
Compiz-Fusion
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
The world of graphical workspaces is changing. In an ever competing arena for user desktops I am becoming more fond of this 21st century environment. Here you will find a list of essential packages to install to leap ahead. More to come.
Sat 15 Dec 2007
Beryl part 2
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
1 Comment
I got everything to work. I can’t believe it. I am really very very happy. I am pasting my root’s History.txt along with this post so that I won’t forget how I did it.
First let me say that I am using at nVidia GeForce 6800 with this config.
1st –> I went through all the system updates (took a while since Fedora 8 is out) using “Package Manager”commended
2nd –> Went to the nVidia website and downloaded the driver for my graphics card.
3rd –> Setup my Yum repositories using the Unofficial Fedora faq and installed the nVidia Kernel modules
4th –> I followed the Korean blog pretty much to the T. Here’s a copy of the site, in case the server ever goes down. Korean Blog Entry
All I need to do now is unistall Compiz–I think. It was giving me problems
Lastly…to make it an entry in the session manager’s menu just follow these steps taken from…HowtoForge
First, we create the file /usr/bin/startberyl.sh:
gedit /usr/bin/startberyl.sh
#!/bin/sh
beryl-manager
sleep 4
exec gnome-session
Then we make it executable:
chmod a+x /usr/bin/startberyl.sh
Afterwards, we create the file /usr/share/xsessions/Beryl.desktop:
gedit /usr/share/xsessions/Beryl.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Beryl
Exec=/usr/bin/startberyl.sh
Icon=
Type=Application
Gonna get this package soon..Record My Desktop
Wed 12 Dec 2007
Beryl
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
No Comments
Well I found the next gen window manager just by complete mistake. I am pretty excited about it too. I installed it using this repository –> Wilsonet repository for Fedora 6
The youtube movies are enough to make Vista users cry. I love it.
It’s in Korean, but maybe it can help Tistory
Another install guide Some guy’s guide
############################################################
Attached is a copy of my Yum config file, since I had to edit it to work with Fedora 7 since the repo’s build is for FC6.
1st:
[yourname@localhost /etc/yum.repos.d]# wget http://wilsonet.com/packages/beryl/fc6-i386/repodata/repomd.xml
2nd:
[yourname@localhost /etc/yum.repos.d]# yum -y install beryl-core beryl-manager beryl-plugins beryl-settings emerald emerald-themes
Wed 12 Dec 2007
Intranet
Posted by elias under Technology
No Comments
Here’s a letter that I sent cheet commando — TechDude
“By all our playsets and toys”
############################################################
Hey hey. It’s been a while. What is the best way to contact you?? Anyway, of course I have a question for you. Maybe 3 or 4…hmmmpphh. In my building here in Seoul we get mad speed. Like 900kb/s we love the internet too. The fastest any of us has ever experienced. The thing is the fellas (in the building) want to setup an intranet that would be looped in the building not going outside. Since I am the only one who runs Linux competently enough to try this feet I said that I would consider setting up a file server. Basically we all have various files that appeal to our different interests. One guy downloads anime, the other language tools, another techno music, yet another assorted/eclectic music and myself porn (not always) haha. So with Fedora 7 going and quite a bit of disk space how can I manage the load but still connect us all and not worry about killing my own bandwidth?
One idea that I had was getting all my friends to use a windows app that I had a while ago that will let their dynamic IPs be tied to a static DNS (what I mean by DNS is Domain Name, not server). Since I have my own DNS, what I could do is just list the contents of each users files in directories labeled respectively to the user—I mean in theory it sounds awesome. Especially if the user’s shared directory list (.html) could be updated every time a new file was dropped into it.
Well that’s my question not very much in a nutshell. I hope Canada is treating you well. Why did you decide on moving? San Fransisco is so awesome.
Later,
Elias
Tue 11 Dec 2007
Fedora 7 (Moonshine)
Posted by elias under Fedora 7
[2] Comments
Well I reinstalled Fedora Linux today. Hhhhmmmppppphhhh! Quite a task considering I think I have an internal bug that intermittently causes my system to go down. Anyway I am updating the software and am going to be following some steps from others to help me with the build. Here’s the first site that I came across that seems to have some good information.
The Perfect Desktop (page 3)
Following that guide really helped. Although now I haven’t been able to get FIrefox to work and have instead been using Epiphany a Gnome clone. Attached is a copy of my /etc/fstab file, because I think it really has some great stuff in. (more…)
Sat 8 Dec 2007
Honggik
Posted by elias under out and about
No Comments
One of the best nights so far. Hanna and I met up with Thomas and Granwell (my coworker/friend from South Africa) in the Honggik University district. Although, after Tinpan 2 we lost the boys, Hanna and I continued to have a great time. We went to a quiet hookah bar/restraunt, Britz, and lounged for a while sucking back Mojitos and Sex on the Beach while dinning on a fresh salmon salad. Really fancy although within the means of a decent budget.
Then we headed for the subway lockers to retrieve the stashed goods, but we couldn’t get them because they were behind an impenetrable iron curtain. So off to a DVD room where I watched “Step it Up” until 5:30 a.m. when I woke her and we headed for the subway to go home. More details to come.
Thu 6 Dec 2007
Nuked!
Posted by elias under Uncategorized
No Comments
Well it really sucks. I have destroyed everything that over the past 7 months I had been working on. Most was nonsensical but still. Memories and embedded pictures really made my site Mine! Now I have to start from scratch. Well guess what my first link is going to be…
BackingUp WordPress
BackingUp your DatabaseThe most important
[Redistrubute]
R11
!
en
conf t
hostname R11
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
router rip
version 2
no auto-summary
passive-interface lo 0
network 172.16.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
end
wr
R12
!
en
conf t
hostname R12
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
int s1/1
ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
router rip
version 2
no auto-summary
passive-interface lo 0
network 172.16.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
end
wr
R13
!
en
conf t
hostname R13
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 172.17.1.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.2.5 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
int s1/1
ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
router eigrp 6500
no auto-summary
passive-interface lo 0
network 172.17.0.0
network 192.168.2.0
end
wr
R14
!
en
conf t
hostname R14
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exitno
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int lo 0
ip add 172.17.2.1 255.255.255.0
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.2.6 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
router eigrp 6500
no auto-summary
passive-interface lo 0
network 172.17.0.0
network 192.168.2.0
end
wr
FR
!
en
conf t
hostname FR
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
int s1/1
ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.252
band 1024
no sh
exit
!
router rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network 192.168.1.0
exit
!
router eigrp 6500
no auto-summary
network 192.168.2.0
end
wr
This is going to be an account of my adventures in reefkeeping.
I have found a lot of great websites on the internet, such as.
@@http://www.reefcentral.com@@
@@http://www.reefcast.com@@
[[Raising Clownfish]]
http://www.readingtrees.com
http://www.marinedepot.com
http://www.oceanpods.com
http://www.fishchannel.com/affc_portal.aspx
http://reefpedia.com/index.php/Main_Page
http://keyscritters.com/
http://www.brineshrimpdirect.com/
http://www.premiumaquatics.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc
Fedora 9 (Sulphur)
Unofficial Guide to Fedora
Fedora 9 (Sulphur) was released on the 13th of May 2008.
This guide will provide a basic run down on how to do things in Fedora. As this is a work in progress please provide feedback on the Fedora Forum to help us improve this how to. If you would like to contribute please do so by registering and contributing.
Tours
To see what Fedora 9 will look like check out the tour!!!
What has Changed
Fedora has changed a lot from Fedora 8 to Fedora 9 to see the list of changes.
Common Problems and Solutions
Common Bugs and their Solutions
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Fedora 9 (Sulphur)
* 2 Unofficial Guide to Fedora
* 3 Tours
* 4 What has Changed
* 5 Common Problems and Solutions
* 6 General Notes
* 7 Switching to Root
* 8 Fedora Updates
* 9 How To use Yum
o 9.1 Recommended Plugins
+ 9.1.1 yum-presto
* 10 Helpful Fedora Websites
* 11 How to Install Fedora
* 12 How to Upgrade Fedora
* 13 Problems with Installing
* 14 How to Contribute to Fedora
* 15 Users Administration
o 15.1 How to set/change/enable root user password
o 15.2 How to disable root user account
o 15.3 Installing System-Config-User
o 15.4 How to add/edit/delete system users
o 15.5 How to add/edit/delete system groups
o 15.6 How to automatic login into GNOME (not secure)
o 15.7 How to change files/folders permissions
o 15.8 How to change files/folders ownership
o 15.9 How to change files/folders group ownership
* 16 List out your last update with rpm
* 17 Repositories
o 17.1 Livna
o 17.2 Protect your Repositories
o 17.3 Adobe
o 17.4 Atrpms
o 17.5 FreshRPMS
o 17.6 Jpackage
o 17.7 Google
* 18 Is there a graphical (GUI) version for Yum
o 18.1 Yumex
o 18.2 Package Manager (Default)
* 19 Permissions in Fedora
o 19.1 Adding your username to Sudo
* 20 Hardware
o 20.1 Video Drivers
+ 20.1.1 Nvidia
+ 20.1.2 Nvidia (96xx)
+ 20.1.3 ATI
o 20.2 Wireless Drivers
+ 20.2.1 Intel IPW3945
# 20.2.1.1 Method 1
# 20.2.1.2 Method 2
+ 20.2.2 Madwifi
+ 20.2.3 IPW2x00
+ 20.2.4 Broadcom b43 (Method 1)
+ 20.2.5 Broadcom b43 (Method 2)
+ 20.2.6 Ndiswrapper drivers howto
# 20.2.6.1 BCM4318 using Ndiswrapper
o 20.3 Activate side-mouse-buttons in FireFox
o 20.4 How to list partition tables
o 20.5 How to list filesystem disk space usage
o 20.6 How to list mounted devices
o 20.7 How to list PCI devices
o 20.8 How to list USB devices
o 20.9 How to speed up CD/DVD-ROM
o 20.10 How to mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually, and show all hidden and associated files/folders
o 20.11 How to forcefully unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually
o 20.12 How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
* 21 Applications
o 21.1 Compiz-fusion (3D effects)
o 21.2 Multimedia Applications
+ 21.2.1 Installing a Media Player (Mplayer/Kplayer)
+ 21.2.2 Installing a Media Player (Xine)
# 21.2.2.1 Enabling Extra Codecs
+ 21.2.3 Installing a Media Player (VLC)
+ 21.2.4 DVD Playback
+ 21.2.5 Windows Codecs (ALL video players)
+ 21.2.6 MP3 Playback
# 21.2.6.1 Gnome
# 21.2.6.2 KDE
# 21.2.6.3 Codeina
+ 21.2.7 Picasa
+ 21.2.8 Google Desktop
+ 21.2.9 How to install ID3 Tag Editor (EasyTAG)
+ 21.2.10 How to install Video Editor (Kino)
+ 21.2.11 How to install K9copy
+ 21.2.12 How to install DVD Ripper (dvd::rip)
o 21.3 Firefox Tweaks
+ 21.3.1 Speed Up Firefox Web Browser Tips
+ 21.3.2 How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox
+ 21.3.3 Setting the backspace button to go to a previous page
+ 21.3.4 Close the Download dialog quicker
+ 21.3.5 Reduce the quantity of popups
+ 21.3.6 Hide the Go Button
o 21.4 Fedora tweaks
+ 21.4.1 Swappiness
+ 21.4.2 Noatime
+ 21.4.3 preload
o 21.5 Gnome Tweaks
+ 21.5.1 Gnome Menu (delay)
o 21.6 KDE Tweaks/Tips
+ 21.6.1 Konqueror tabs (close buttons)
+ 21.6.2 Viewing info pages in Konqueror/Run
+ 21.6.3 Searching with Google in Konqueror/Run
o 21.7 Bash Tweaks/Tips
+ 21.7.1 Auto-correct typos
+ 21.7.2 Ignore Case for filenames
+ 21.7.3 Make a file completely secure
+ 21.7.4 Running old commands
+ 21.7.5 Renaming a lot of files
+ 21.7.6 Deleting securely
+ 21.7.7 Watching logs
o 21.8 Firefox Plugins
+ 21.8.1 Flash
+ 21.8.2 Sun Java (Method 1)
+ 21.8.3 Sun Java (Method 2 - jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin version)
+ 21.8.4 Mplayer (Watching Movies)
+ 21.8.5 Xine (Watching Movies)
+ 21.8.6 How to play the mms protocol
+ 21.8.7 How to play Quicktime files
+ 21.8.8 Link Adobe Acrobat to the mozilla plugins
o 21.9 CD/DVD Creation/Burning
+ 21.9.1 How to blank a CD/DVD
+ 21.9.2 CD/DVD Burning
# 21.9.2.1 GnomeBaker
# 21.9.2.2 K3B
# 21.9.2.3 CD/DVD Creator
+ 21.9.3 How to Burn an Image (iso) to Disc
+ 21.9.4 How to Create an Image (iso) File
+ 21.9.5 How to Un/Mount an Image (iso) without burning it
+ 21.9.6 How to generate MD5 checksum files
+ 21.9.7 How to check MD5 checksum of files
+ 21.9.8 How to set/change the burn speed for CD/DVD Burner
+ 21.9.9 How to enable burnproof for CD/DVD Burner
+ 21.9.10 How to enable overburn for CD/DVD Burner
o 21.10 Installing Music Players
+ 21.10.1 Installing a Music Player (Songbird)
+ 21.10.2 XMMS (playing mp3's)
# 21.10.2.1 Setting Winamp Presets in XMMS
+ 21.10.3 Amarok (with mp3 support)
+ 21.10.4 Audacious (with mp3 support)
+ 21.10.5 How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer 10)
+ 21.10.6 How to install Stream Directory Browser (streamtuner)
o 21.11 How to extract RAR files (rar)
o 21.12 Audio Editor (Audacity)
o 21.13 Google Earth
o 21.14 How to view NTFS partitions
o 21.15 How to configure NTFS partitions using ntfs-config
o 21.16 How to configure NTFS partitions manually
+ 21.16.1 Setting up Windows Partition folders
+ 21.16.2 How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (NTFS) manually, and allow all users to read only
+ 21.16.3 How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (FAT) manually, and allow all users to read/write
+ 21.16.4 How to mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow all users to read only
+ 21.16.5 How to mount Windows partitions (FAT) on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write
o 21.17 Bittorrent Clients
+ 21.17.1 Azureus
+ 21.17.2 Bittorrent
+ 21.17.3 Bittorrent (gui)
o 21.18 Windows Emulators
+ 21.18.1 Wine
# 21.18.1.1 Utorrent
o 21.19 Fonts
+ 21.19.1 Free-type Freeworld
+ 21.19.2 Microsoft Core Fonts
+ 21.19.3 Turn on smooth fonts
o 21.20 Windows Messaging
+ 21.20.1 Amsn
+ 21.20.2 Gaim/Pidgin
o 21.21 Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
+ 21.21.1 XChat
o 21.22 How to install Skype
o 21.23 How to install Download Manager (Downloader for X)
o 21.24 How to install FTP Client (gFTP)
o 21.25 How to install P2P eMule Client (aMule)
o 21.26 How to install Image Viewer (Gwenview)
o 21.27 How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)
o 21.28 How to install Newsreader (Pan)
o 21.29 How to install CHM viewer (GnoCHM)
o 21.30 How to install RSS/RDF/Atom Newsreader (RSSOwl)
o 21.31 How to install Web Authoring System (bluefish)
o 21.32 How to install KDE Web Development Environment (quanta plus)
o 21.33 How to install Accounting Application (GnuCash)
o 21.34 How to install Partition Editor (GParted)
o 21.35 How to install Firewall (Firestarter)
o 21.36 How to install Firewall (Fedora Firewall)
o 21.37 How to configure SELinux (Fedora SELinux)
o 21.38 How to install network traffic analyzer (Wireshark)
o 21.39 How to install Desktop Publishing Application (Scribus)
o 21.40 How to install Desktop Applets (gDesklets)
o 21.41 How to install Basic Compilers (gcc)
o 21.42 How to set up a Development Environment
o 21.43 How to install an Integrated Development Environment (Anjuta)
o 21.44 How to install a 3D modeling tool (Blender 3D)
o 21.45 How to install a game Frozen-Bubble
o 21.46 How to install virtual planetarium (Stellarium)
o 21.47 How to install the KDE Edutainment applications
* 22 Other Desktop Environments
o 22.1 How to install KDE
o 22.2 How to install XFCE
* 23 Commercial Applications
o 23.1 How to install Windows 9x/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin)
o 23.2 How to install Windows Applications (CrossOver Office)
o 23.3 How to install Windows Games (Cedega)
* 24 Networking
o 24.1 How to configure VPN client (PPTP)
+ 24.1.1 Configure PPTP Config
o 24.2 How to configure Google Talk
o 24.3 How to activate/deactivate network connections
o 24.4 How to configure network connections
o 24.5 How to change computer name
o 24.6 How to change computer descriptions
o 24.7 How to change computer Domain/Workgroup
o 24.8 How to assign Hostname to local machine with dynamic IP using free DynDNS service
o 24.9 How to share folders the easy way
o 24.10 How to browse network computers
o 24.11 How to access network folders without mounting
o 24.12 How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read
o 24.13 How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read/write
o 24.14 How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read
o 24.15 How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write
* 25 Remote Desktop
o 25.1 How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
o 25.2 How to connect into remote Fedora desktop
o 25.3 Remote conection Script by fedorajim
o 25.4 How to connect into remote Fedora desktop via Windows machine
* 26 Security
o 26.1 What are the basic things I need to know about securing my Fedora
o 26.2 How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu
o 26.3 How to disable history listing in Console mode
o 26.4 How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode
o 26.5 How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode
o 26.6 SELinux (with references)
* 27 Rescue Mode
o 27.1 How to use Fedora Installation CD, to gain root user access
o 27.2 How to change root user/main user password if forgotten
o 27.3 How to change GRUB menu password if forgotten
o 27.4 How to restore GRUB menu after Windows installation
o 27.5 How to add Windows entry into GRUB menu
o 27.6 How to read Linux partitions (ext2, ext3) in Windows machine
* 28 Tips & Tricks
o 28.1 How to add extra Wallpapers, Icons and Themes
o 28.2 How to add extra Themes (Gnome-themes-extras)
o 28.3 How to add the Open Terminal to the R-Click
o 28.4 How to get a shortcut to Root Terminal
o 28.5 How to enable the "Switch User" button on the GNOME screensaver
o 28.6 How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
o 28.7 How to turn on Num Lock on GNOME startup
o 28.8 How to switch to Console mode in GNOME
o 28.9 How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in GNOME
o 28.10 How to enable Ctrl+Alt+Del to open System Monitor in GNOME
o 28.11 How to refresh GNOME desktop
o 28.12 How to refresh GNOME panel
o 28.13 How bypass Keyring's Password
o 28.14 How to open each folder in the same window in Nautilus
o 28.15 How to enable autosave in Gedit and disable creation of some_file~ files
o 28.16 How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
o 28.17 How to browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus
o 28.18 How to show Desktop Icons (Computer, Home, Trash)
o 28.19 How to change default file type "Open with" program
o 28.20 How to change preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird
o 28.21 How to open files as root user via right click
o 28.22 How to disable beep sound in Terminal mode
o 28.23 How to install/uninstall .rpm files
o 28.24 How to rename all files in directory at once
o 28.25 How to manipulate all image files in directory at once
o 28.26 How to set System-wide Environment Variables
o 28.27 How to save "man" outputs into files
o 28.28 How to show GRUB menu on boot-up
o 28.29 How to change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on boot-up
o 28.30 How to change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB menu
o 28.31 How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up
o 28.32 How to convert Wallpaper to Splash Image for GRUB menu
o 28.33 How to temporary skip boot-up services
o 28.34 How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services
o 28.35 How to clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown
o 28.36 How to scroll up and down to view previous outputs in Console mode
o 28.37 How to forcefully empty Trash in GNOME
o 28.38 How to remove duplicate menu/menu items in GNOME
o 28.39 Open Terminal Here in Nautilus
o 28.40 Open Root Terminal Here in Naultilus
* 29 Servers
o 29.1 File Sharing (Samba Server)
+ 29.1.1 How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
+ 29.1.2 How to add/edit/delete network users
+ 29.1.3 How to share home folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
+ 29.1.4 How to share home folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
+ 29.1.5 How to share group folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
+ 29.1.6 How to share group folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
+ 29.1.7 How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
+ 29.1.8 How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
+ 29.1.9 How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=No)
+ 29.1.10 How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=No)
o 29.2 World Wide Web Server (apache)
+ 29.2.1 Apache tips
# 29.2.1.1 Remove your server's signature
# 29.2.1.2 How to map URLs to folders outside /var/www/
# 29.2.1.3 How to change the default port number for Apache HTTP Server
o 29.3 Secure Shell (ssh)
+ 29.3.1 Securing SSH better
+ 29.3.2 How to SSH into remote Fedora machine
+ 29.3.3 How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine (scp)
+ 29.3.4 How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine using Nautilus(scp)
+ 29.3.5 How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Fedora machine (scp)
+ 29.3.6 How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine (rsync)
+ 29.3.7 How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Fedora machine (rsync)
+ 29.3.8 How to SSH into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
+ 29.3.9 How to copy files/folders from/into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
o 29.4 File Transfer Server (proftpd)
+ 29.4.1 How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
+ 29.4.2 How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only
+ 29.4.3 How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write
+ 29.4.4 How to map anonymous FTP user to folders outside /home/ftp/
+ 29.4.5 How to change the default port number for FTP Server
+ 29.4.6 How to ftp into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
o 29.5 File Transfer Server (pure-ftpd)
+ 29.5.1 How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
+ 29.5.2 Automatically start
+ 29.5.3 How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only
+ 29.5.4 How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write
+ 29.5.5 How to change the default port number for FTP Server
+ 29.5.6 How to ftp into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
o 29.6 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
o 29.7 Proxy Server (squid)
o 29.8 Outgoing Mail server (sendmail)
o 29.9 Mail server (dovecot)
+ 29.9.1 POP/IMAP settings
o 29.10 Server Intrusion Prevention (denyhosts)
+ 29.10.1 How to secure your system
o 29.11 Domain Name Service (bind)
o 29.12 DHCP Server (dhcpd)
o 29.13 Internet Time Server (ntpd)
o 29.14 Database Server (mysql)
+ 29.14.1 How to install MYSQL Control Center
o 29.15 PHP on your Web Server
General Notes
1. This guide is not related to Fedora or Red Hat in anyway whatsoever.
2. This guide can be updated by emailing admin <at> fedoraguide.info
3. Contributions are important for maintaining the future content on this wiki.
4. The bluish boxes represent what you type in the screen.
5. The information will be input using the recommended method of Fedora using 'su -c' where applicable.
6. An example for updating your system would be:
su -c 'yum update'
1. I have Fedora 9 using i386/i686 so while this is configured for i386/i686 if something does not perform on your 64 bit version please provide me with information so that I can rectify it. I do not own a 64 bit machine so I can not test the results.
2. When saving files right click and save-as to your desktop.
3. The assumption is you know how to boot your system and you know how to type into your terminal if required.
4. I will be adding repositories to make it as simple as possible for installation. I will not have the additional repositories added by default except for Livna.
Switching to Root
* Read the #General Notes
* There will be times that you will need to be the root user (Administrator) to be root you will need to issue the following command
su --login
or
su -
Fedora Updates
How To use Yum
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
Yum is a very powerfull package manager. yum will resolve dependencies for you and makes installing applications a breeze. yum also searches, removes, and lists packages for you.
Usage: yum [options] < grouplist, localinstall, groupinfo, localupdate, resolvedep, erase, deplist,
groupremove, makecache, upgrade, provides, shell, install, whatprovides, groupinstall, update,
repolist, groupupdate, info, search, check-update, list, remove, clean, grouperase >
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-t, --tolerant be tolerant of errors
-C run entirely from cache, don't update cache
-c [config file] config file location
-R [minutes] maximum command wait time
-d [debug level] debugging output level
-e [error level] error output level
-y answer yes for all questions
--version show Yum version and exit
--installroot=[path] set install root
--enablerepo=[repo] enable one or more repositories (wildcards allowed)
--disablerepo=[repo] disable one or more repositories (wildcards allowed)
-x [package], --exclude=[package]
exclude package(s) by name or glob
--obsoletes enable obsoletes processing during updates
--noplugins disable Yum plugins
--nogpgcheck disable gpg signature checking
--disableplugin=[plugin] disable plugins by name
From a first look this can look rather intimidating, but this is rather easy.
Examples:
* To seach for a application
Yum will search all your enabled repos and tell you where you can obtain the package from
yum search application_name
* Yum can list all available packages from your enabled repos and tell you where you can obtain the package from:
yum list available
* To find out more info about some package
yum info application_name
* Installing applications
Inastalling is as easy as
yum install application_name
* Listing rpms
yum can list installed rpms for you from the repos you have enabled
yum list extras
* Removing rpms
Yum can remove a application and the dependenciesit installed with tat application. it will not remove depenencies if another application installed needs them.
yum remove application_name
* Updating the system
Yum can update the system for you with out user interact if you want it to.
yum update
* Not sure if you have upates?
yum check-update
* Local install
downloaded a rpm and cannot install it with rpm because of dependencies?
yum localinstall /path/to/the/rpm
Happy yumming...
Recommended Plugins
yum-presto
* This plugin speeds up the processing of packages and downloading of packages by downloading the difference between the new package and the old package. It is recommended to install it to reduce the quantity you download for updates.
su -c 'yum -y install yum-presto'
Helpful Fedora Websites
These are some useful websites.
Fedora Forum
Fedora Project
Fedora Solved
The Unofficial Fedora FAQ
Dangermouse's Website
* There is a very helpful thread relating to a script which will install some of the more popular packages.
Dangermouse's script thread
Folding at Home Howto (Use those spare CPU Cycles)
How to Install Fedora
* To install Fedora refer to the Installation documents and the common problems.
Installation Documents
How to Upgrade Fedora
* To upgrade Fedora refer to the information listed at the following website.
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/YumUpgradeFaq#head-56b13936246769f517ac488a0098d193c7fc3600
* Make sure you clear your yum cache then update everything and reboot
su -c 'yum clear all'
su -c 'yum update'
* For i386
su -c '/bin/rpm -Uhv http://mirror.anl.gov/pub/fedora/linux/releases/8/Fedora/i386/os/Packages/fedora-release-8-3.noarch.rpm \
http://mirror.anl.gov/pub/fedora/linux/releases/8/Fedora/i386/os/Packages/fedora-release-notes-8.0.0-3.noarch.rpm'
* For x86_64
su -c '/bin/rpm -Uvh http://mirror.anl.gov/pub/fedora/linux/releases/8/Fedora/x86_64/os/Packages/fedora-release-8-3.noarch.rpm \
http://mirror.anl.gov/pub/fedora/linux/releases/8/Fedora/x86_64/os/Packages/fedora-release-notes-8.0.0-3.noarch.rpm'
* You will need to disable all other repositories during the upgrade and you will need to delete some files in order to complete the transition.
su -c 'yum upgrade'
Problems with Installing
With every version there are some problems.
Fedora 9 Common Issues
How to Contribute to Fedora
There are lots of ways you can help make this great operating system even better. It also can't progress faster without your help. If you want to get involved or are interested in getting involved.
Join the Fedora team
Users Administration
How to set/change/enable root user password
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Switching to Root
su --login
* You can then change the root password
passwd root
How to disable root user account
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Switching to Root
passwd -l root
Installing System-Config-User
* Read #General Notes
* Install system-config-users
su -c 'yum -y install system-config-users'
How to add/edit/delete system users
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Installing System-Config-User
* Desktop -> System Settings -> Users and Groups
* Users and Groups
Users Tab -> Add User.../Properties/Delete
How to add/edit/delete system groups
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Installing System-Config-User
* Desktop -> System Settings -> Users and Groups
* Users and Groups
Groups Tab -> Add Group.../Properties/Delete
How to automatic login into GNOME (not secure)
* Read #General Notes
* Desktop -> System Settings -> Login Screen
* Login Screen Setup
General Tab -> Automatic Login ->
Login a user automatically on first bootup (Checked)
Automatic login username: Select "system_username"
How to change files/folders permissions
* Read #General Notes
Right click on files/folders -> Properties
Permissions Tab -> Read/Write/Execute (Checked the permissions for Owner/Group/Others)
How to change files/folders ownership
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Switching to Root
chown system_username /location_of_files_or_folders
How to change files/folders group ownership
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Switching to Root
chgrp system_groupname /location_of_files_or_folders
List out your last update with rpm
* Read #General Notes
rpm -qa --last | tac
Repositories
These additional software repositories will not be enabled by default. This is because there is a risk to your installation with differing version details which may leave your computer unable to function.
Note: Mixing repositories can be dangerous. After installation of the Livna repository protect it using the command listed here.
Livna
To install the Livna repository which can be left on by default.
su -c 'rpm -i http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release-9.rpm'
Protect your Repositories
Protect your repository so you do not break your Fedora installation.
su -c 'yum -y install yum-protectbase'
su -c 'perl -i -pe "s/(\[.*\])/\1\nprotect=yes/" /etc/yum.repos.d/{fedora*,livna*}'
Adobe
Create the file in the repository folder.
su -c 'rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm'
* When that has been installed edit the repo file to look like the following.
su -c 'gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/adobe-linux-i386.repo'
[adobe-linux-i386]
name=Adobe Systems Incorporated
baseurl=http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/linux/i386/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
Atrpms
Atrpms has some packages that are quite helpful.
At the repository to your repository folder.
su -
cat <<EOF> /etc/yum.repos.d/atrpms.repo
[atrpms]
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - ATrpms
baseurl=http://dl.atrpms.net/f$releasever-$basearch/atrpms/stable
gpgkey=http://ATrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY.atrpms
gpgcheck=1
enabled = 0
EOF
FreshRPMS
You can install the freshrpms package however it is recommended to change the enabled section to be manually enabled.
su -c 'rpm -i http://ftp.freshrpms.net/pub/freshrpms/fedora/linux/7/freshrpms-release/freshrpms-release-1.1-1.fc.noarch.rpm'
su -c 'gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/freshrpms.repo'
You will need to change the enabled=1 to enabled=0 This is how it will be installed.
[freshrpms]
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - Freshrpms
#baseurl=http://ayo.freshrpms.net/fedora/linux/$releasever/$basearch/freshrpms/
mirrorlist=http://ayo.freshrpms.net/fedora/linux/$releasever/mirrors-freshrpms
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-freshrpms
gpgcheck=1
It needs to be changed to
[freshrpms]
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - Freshrpms
#baseurl=http://ayo.freshrpms.net/fedora/linux/$releasever/$basearch/freshrpms/
mirrorlist=http://ayo.freshrpms.net/fedora/linux/$releasever/mirrors-freshrpms
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-freshrpms
gpgcheck=1
Jpackage
* You need to be in the directory and get the file.
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
su -c 'wget http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.repo'
* You will need to edit the repository file.
su -c 'gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/jpackage.repo'
* Adjust so it matches the following repo file.
# Be sure to enable the distro specific repository for your distro below:
# - jpackage-fc for Fedora Core
# - jpackage-rhel for Red Hat Enterprise Linux and derivatives
[jpackage-generic]
name=JPackage (free), generic
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_generic.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0
[jpackage-fc]
name=JPackage (free) for Fedora Core $releasever
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_fedora-$releasever.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0
[jpackage-rhel]
name=JPackage (free) for Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_rhel-$releasever.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0
[jpackage-generic-nonfree]
name=JPackage (non-free), generic
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_generic_nonfree.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0
Google
You will need to be root to create the file.
su --login
Then create the repo
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/google.repo
[google]
name=Google - i386
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/rpm/stable/i386
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
EOF
Is there a graphical (GUI) version for Yum
There are several types of software to help in the graphical area for yum.
Yumex
su -c 'yum -y install yumex'
Package Manager (Default)
This can be located in the following menu
System -> Administration -> Add/Remove Software
Permissions in Fedora
Adding your username to Sudo
Log in as root.
su --login
Add your user to the sudoers file.
echo 'your_plain_loginname_here ALL=(ALL) ALL’ >> /etc/sudoers
Hardware
Video Drivers
* NVidia users, install the Livna repositories and yum for kmod-nvidia and reboot.
* For ATI users, if your card is older than Radeon 9600, it should work out-of-the-box, if not, you will need to wait until ATI releases a new driver for kernel 2.6.23 and yum for kmod-fglrx from Livna after it has been released.
* Intel user cheer to yourself as it works out-of-the-box.
Nvidia
* You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-nvidia xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs-32bit'
Nvidia (96xx)
* Read #General Notes
* You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
* This is for people with cards that are older.
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-nvidia-96xx'
ATI
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
Note: There are some bugs in the current version as of kmod-fglrx
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-fglrx xorg-x11-drv-fglrx-libs-32bit'
Wireless Drivers
Intel IPW3945
* This is a guide to installing and setting up the Intel 3945 A/B/G wireless network adapter using FreshRPMS. It seems people are still having issues with this method. I will add the other method to aid in sorting out the issues.
* Note: The new Fedora 9 drivers are very good and you should try them ahead of installing these. Install these as a last resort.
Method 1
You will need to install the FreshRPMS repository.
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install dkms-ipw3945'
* You must Configure your wireless using sytem-config-network a lot of people are forgetting this step. Do it through system-config-network. Delete wlan0 and install eth1
System -> Administration -> Network
Method 2
Credit for this method comes from the great fellas at fedorasolved.org
Basic description of what will be done and what is expected. Learn to become root here.
* Blacklisting the offending modules:
nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist
* add these exact lines at the bottom then save and exit:
#iwl3945
blacklist iwl3945
blacklist mac80211
* Reboot the system:
reboot
* Create a temp directory on your desktop called 'ipw3945' and download the following files into it:
mkdir /home/$user/Desktop/ipw3945 (replace $user with your username)
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/ipw3945/ipw3945-1.2.1.tgz?download
http://bughost.org/ipw3945/ucode/ipw3945-ucode-1.14.2.tgz
http://bughost.org/ipw3945/daemon/ipw3945d-1.7.22.tgz
http://fedoraos.org/ipw3945/ipw3945
* Install kernel development packages and gcc compiler:
yum install kernel-devel gcc
* Unpack the gzipped tarballs into the directory on your desktop called 'ipw3945' that we created earlier:
tar xvfz ipw3945-1.2.1.tgz
tar xvfz ipw3945-ucode-1.14.2.tgz
tar xvfz ipw3945d-1.7.22.tgz
* Copy ucode firmware and regulatory daemon to their respective locations:
cp ipw3945-ucode-1.14.2/ipw3945.ucode /lib/firmware && cp ipw3945d-1.7.22/x86/ipw3945d /sbin
* (or choose the version for x86_64 if necessary)
* Compile and copy the resuling kernel module to the correct location (for more options here see 'more information' below):
cd ipw3945-1.2.1 && make
su --login
cp /home/$user/Desktop/ipw3945/ipw3945-1.2.1/ipw3945.ko lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/
chmod 744 /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ipw3945.ko
depmod -ae
* Install startup init script:
cp /home/$user/Desktop/ipw3945/ipw3945 /etc/init.d
chmod +x /etc/init.d/ipw3945
chkconfig --add ipw3945 && chkconfig ipw3945 on
* Reboot the system:
reboot
Troubleshooting How to test Explanation troubleshooting basics and expectations.
* Configure the device:
system-config-network
* new --> wireless connection --> Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection --> forward
* Restart the network:
Once you have disabled all other network cards, configured your ip address, gateway, DNS, subnet mask, SSID, wifi channel, and encryption key:
service network restart
Common problems and fixes
Many laptops with built in wireless have a WLAN switch that is a toggle switch for enabling/disabling the wireless radio.
Please make sure you check this is on, or your ipw3945 wireless adapter will not detect correctly or work at all.
Also, disable all other network cards before attempting to use the ipw3945. More Information
Special Notes:
If you'd like Monitor Mode, Promiscuous Mode or RadioTap enabled for this device you will need to edit the Makefile in
Step 7 before compiling the kernel module uncomment the corresponding line(s): Code:
CONFIG_IPW3945_MONITOR=y CONFIG_IEEE80211_RADIOTAP=y CONFIG_IPW3945_PROMISCUOUS=y
Added Reading
* http://fedoraos.org
For new kernels you will have to do step 7 again.
Madwifi
You will need to install the Livna repository.
su -c 'yum -y install madwifi kmod-madwifi'
* You will need to add the following lines to your modprobe.conf file
su -c 'gedit /etc/modprobe.conf'
## Start Atheros Stuff
alias wifi0 ath_pci
alias ath0 ath_pci
options ath_pci autocreate=sta
## End Atheros Stuff
* Configure your wireless
System -> Administration -> Network
IPW2x00
* You need to determine what wireless card you have
su -c '/sbin/lspci | grep Wireless'
* Your output should look like the following.
02:01.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 2200BG (rev 05)
02:01.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless LAN 2100 3B Mini PCI Adapter (rev 04)
* You will need to install the relevant firmware
su -c 'yum -y install ipw2xxx-firmware'
* Reboot your machine then configure your network.
System -> Administration -> Network
Broadcom b43 (Method 1)
su -c 'yum -y install b43-fwcutter'
* Download the appropriate package based on this file
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/doc/b43-fwcutter-008/README'
* Fedora instructions can be located under the README.Fedora
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/doc/b43-fwcutter-008/README.Fedora'
* A copy of the README is listed below
Where can I find some driver source files?
------------------------------------------
Please check the references at
http://www.linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers/bcm43xx#devicefirmware
It is recommended that you extract firmware for both b43 and b43legacy in
order to support both types of cards on your system.
* Run the fwcutter program
su -c 'b43-fwcutter -w /lib/firmware ~/Downloads/bcmwl5.sys'
* Add it to the modules to test.
su -c '/sbin/modprobe b43'
* Configure your network
System -> Administration -> Network
Broadcom b43 (Method 2)
* Read #General Notes
* Configure NetworkManager to automatically start and start the service.
su -c '/sbin/chkconfig NetworkManager on'
su -c '/sbin/service NetworkManager start'
* Download and extract the firmware
wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/sources/broadcom-wl-4.80.53.0.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf broadcom-wl-4.80.53.0.tar.bz2
* Cut the firmware
cd broadcom-wl-4.80.53.0/kmod
/usr/bin/b43-fwcutter -w /lib/firmware wl_apsta.o
* Add the following line so that it can be configured by system-config-network
su -c 'echo "alias wlan0 b43" >> /etc/modprobe.conf'
* Restart NetworkManager
su -c '/sbin/service NetworkManager restart'
Ndiswrapper drivers howto
Some drivers which are not released for linux will require Ndiswrapper to function. Bcm43xx driver may have been limited to 11Mbs using Ndiswrapper increases the speed.
You will need to install the Livna repository.
* Install Ndiswrapper
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-ndiswrapper'
* Make a directory to hold your driver.
su -c 'mkdir /ndiswrapper_drivers'
* Log in as root
su --login
* Now you will either need to get the drivers from your windows driver disk or download the drivers needed for your network card from the Ndiswrapper Wiki
cp netbc564.inf /ndiswrapper_drivers/
cp bcmwl564.sys /ndiswrapper_drivers/
* Install the drivers
ndiswrapper -i netbc564.inf
* The output should show the following
Installing netbc564
Forcing parameter IBSSGMode|0 to IBSSGMode|2
* Verify that the drivers are loaded
ndiswrapper -l
* The output should show
Installed drivers:
netbc564 driver present, hardware present
* Load the kernel module
modprobe ndiswrapper
* If everything loads and works add ndiswrapper to your modprobe.conf file. Then exit from root.
ndiswrapper -ma
echo "alias wlan0 ndiswrapper" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
exit
* Configure your network
System -> Administration -> Network
or
su -c 'system-config-network'
* The BCM4318 driver can be downloaded from the following links. Thanks go to Fedora Solved for hosting them.
* BCM4318 32 bit driver
* BCM4318 64 bit driver
BCM4318 using Ndiswrapper
There have been issues with bcm43xx actually working with the bcm4318 broadcom device. A solution is to use ndiswrapper, however, the bc43xx bits need to be removed to avoid conflicts
Download the BCM4318 drivers from the following links if you do not have the original driver disc. If you have the original drivers from disc or your windows partition use those drivers that are guaranteed to function. Thanks go to Fedora Solved for hosting them.
* BCM4318 32 bit driver
* BCM4318 64 bit driver
* Log in as root
su --login
* Unload the kernel module and open up the module blacklist file
/sbin/rmmod bcm43xx
su -c 'gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist'
* Blacklist the driver by adding the following line at the bottom of the file just opened.
blacklist bcm43xx_mac80211
* Remove the device from system-config-network then create a new device
System -> Administration -> Network
Or
su -c 'system-config-network'
Activate side-mouse-buttons in FireFox
Just add two lines to xorg.conf will activate side-mouse-buttons in FireFox. This should work with most 5-button mouse. Here is a list of mice that worked with this instruction.
* Logitech MX510
* Logitech MX518
* Logitech MX700
* Intellimouse Explorer (first edition)
Backup Xorg configuration file
su -c 'cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak'
Modify the Xorg configuration file
su -c 'gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf'
Find the Input Device section for your mouse and add two lines as shown below. You may also increase the number of buttons if your mouse has more than 7, just fix the rest of the section based upon the number of buttons (remember back/forward, wheel click & tilt left/right all count as buttons)
Change:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
...
Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2"
...
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
EndSection
to:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
...
Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2"
...
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
Option "Buttons" "7"
Option "ButtonMapping" "1 2 3 6 7"
EndSection
At this point you can reboot your computer or reboot Gnome (Ctrl-Alt-BackSpace) to see if your forward/back buttons work in FireFox. They still won't work in Nautilus yet until you install the imwheel dameon.
How to list partition tables
* Read #General Notes
su -c '/sbin/fdisk -l'
How to list filesystem disk space usage
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'df -T -h'
How to list mounted devices
* Read #General Notes
mount
How to list PCI devices
* Read #General Notes
/sbin/lspci
How to list USB devices
* Read #General Notes
* This command needs to be run as root.
lsusb
How to speed up CD/DVD-ROM
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
su -c '/sbin/hdparm -d1 /dev/cdrom'
su -c 'gedit /etc/hdparm.conf'
* Insert the following lines in the new file
/dev/cdrom {
dma = on
}
* Save the edited file
How to mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually, and show all hidden and associated files/folders
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
* To mount CD/DVD-ROM
su -c 'mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide'
* To unmount CD/DVD-ROM
su -c 'umount /media/cdrom0/'
How to forcefully unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
su -c 'umount /media/cdrom0/ -l'
How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'mount -a'
Applications
Compiz-fusion (3D effects)
* Read #General Note
* Read #Repositories
* You will need your 3d #Video Drivers
* Install compiz-fusion
su -c 'yum -y install compiz-fusion compiz-fusion-extras libcompizconfig ccsm compiz-manager'
* For gnome these additional software are helpful
su -c 'yum -y install compiz-fusion-gnome compiz-fusion-extras-gnome'
* To start it up run the following
compiz-manager
* To start it up on boot do the following go to the following menu's
System > Preferences > Personal > Sessions > Startup Programs
Multimedia Applications
Installing a Media Player (Mplayer/Kplayer)
A movie player that can play propietary codecs.
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
* For gnome
su -c 'yum -y install mplayer-gui'
* For KDE
su -c 'yum -y install kplayer'
Installing a Media Player (Xine)
Another Movie Player
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum -y install xine'
Enabling Extra Codecs
su -c 'yum -y install xine-lib-extras-nonfree'
Installing a Media Player (VLC)
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum -y install vlc'
DVD Playback
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
This will enable dvd playback in Fedora.
su -c 'yum -y install libdvdread'
Windows Codecs (ALL video players)
* Read #General Notes
* Install wget first (sometimes not installed by default)
su -c 'yum -y install wget'
* This will enable the codecs required to play most media released.
cd /tmp
wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/all-20071007.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf all-20071007.tar.bz2
su -c 'mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/codecs'
su -c 'cp all-20071007/* /usr/local/lib/codecs'
rm -rf /tmp/all-20071007*
This may help as well but it is not required.
su -c 'ln -sf /usr/local/lib/codecs /usr/lib/codecs && ln -sf \
/usr/local/lib/codecs /usr/local/lib/win32 && ln -sf /usr/local/lib/codecs '
MP3 Playback
This will enable MP3 playback.
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
Gnome
This will enable MP3 playback using gstreamer in gnome.
su -c 'yum -y install gstreamer-plugins-ugly libmad libid3tag id3v2'
KDE
This will enable MP3 playback in KDE using KDE Multimedia
su -c 'yum -y install kdemultimedia-extras-nonfree id3v2'
OR
su -c 'yum install xine-lib-extras-nonfree id3v2'
Codeina
* This is a new feature in Fedora 9. It should be installed by default. If not run the following commands. When you try to run an mp3 file it will offer you the opportunity to download a codec.
su -c 'yum install codeina'
Picasa
Picasa is software that helps you instantly find, edit and share all the pictures on your computer. Every time you open Picasa, it automatically locates all your pictures (even ones you forgot you had) and sorts them into visual albums organized by date with folder names you will recognize. You can drag and drop to arrange your albums and make labels to create new groups. Picasa makes sure your pictures are always organized.
You will need to have the Google Repo installed.
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=google install picasa'
Google Desktop
Google Desktop is a desktop search application that gives you easy access to information on your computer and from the web. Desktop makes searching your own email, files, music, photos, and more as easy as searching the web with Google.
You will need to have the Google Repo installed.
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=google install google-desktop-linux'
How to install ID3 Tag Editor (EasyTAG)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install easytag
* Applications -> Sound & Video -> EasyTAG
How to install Video Editor (Kino)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install kino'
* Applications -> Sound & Video -> Kino
How to install K9copy
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install k9copy'
How to install DVD Ripper (dvd::rip)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install dvdrip'
Firefox Tweaks
Speed Up Firefox Web Browser Tips
* Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
* Mozilla Firefox
Address Bar -> about:config
Filter: ->
network.dns.disableIPv6 -> true
network.http.pipelining -> true
network.http.pipelining.maxrequests -> 8
network.http.proxy.pipelining -> true
* Restart Mozilla Firefox
How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox
* Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
* Mozilla Firefox
Address Bar -> about:config
Filter: accessibility.typeaheadfind.enablesound -> false
* Restart Mozilla Firefox
Setting the backspace button to go to a previous page
* Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
* Mozilla Firefox
Address Bar -> about:config
Filter: -> browser.backspace_action -> 0
* Restart Mozilla Firefox
Close the Download dialog quicker
* Go to Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
* Put in your address bar
Address Bar -> about:config
Filter the configs options
Filter: -> alerts.totalOpenTime -> 500
Reduce the quantity of popups
* Load Mozilla Firefox
* Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
* Put in your address bar
Address Bar -> about:config
* Filter the config options and change it to a reasonable number
Filter: -> dom.popup_maximum -> 5
Hide the Go Button
* Load Mozilla Firefox
* Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
* Put in your address bar
Address Bar -> about:config
* Filter the config options and double click so it changes the result
browser.urlbar.hideGoButton -> Yes
Fedora tweaks
Swappiness
* You can change how much swap space you use by changing the swappiness of your Fedora install. To do this add the following line with the number between 0-100.
* Open the sysctl.conf file for editing and backup your previous sysctl.conf file
su -c 'cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/sysctl.conf'
* Add the following line
vm.swappiness = 0
* Reboot your computer
Noatime
* Noatime affects how often the system updates your time in your computer. This is a significant loss in speed according to the kernel Devs. To speed it up do the following modifications.
* Edit your fstab file and back it up
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
* Where the mount option says default you should add some more text.
* Before:
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200001 / ext3 defaults 1 1
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200022 /home ext3 defaults 1 2
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200333 /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74204444 swap swap defaults 0 0
* After:
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200001 / ext3 defaults,noatime 1 1
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200022 /home ext3 defaults,noatime 1 2
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200333 /boot ext3 defaults,noatime 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74204444 swap swap defaults 0 0
* Notice the only modification is to the lines that mount my default partitions. After the editing has been completed you will need to restart your computer for it to take effect.
If you don't wish to reboot the computer, you may also remount the partitions of the live system,
su -c 'mount / -o remount'
su -c 'mount /home -o remount'
preload
* A 'new' package that has entered Fedora by yours truly should speed up Fedora you can get it by running the following command:
su -c 'yum install preload'
Gnome Tweaks
Gnome Menu (delay)
* This is a simple alteration that will speed up your gnome menu load up.
echo "gtk-menu-popup-delay = 0" >> ~/.gtkrc-2.0
KDE Tweaks/Tips
Konqueror tabs (close buttons)
* Open the following file in Kedit
kedit ~/.kde/share/config/konquerorrc
* Now you will either need to add the following to the [FMSettings] or add [FMSettings] to the file. I will assume that you don't have the [FMSettings].
[FMSettings]
AddTabButton=false
CloseTabButton=false
HoverCloseButton=true
Viewing info pages in Konqueror/Run
* To view an info/man page in Konqueror all you have to do is:
info:progname
* Where progname is the program name such as:
info:bash
* You put this in the address bar of Konqueror. To do this using man all you have to do is change the line to the following:
man:progname
* Where progname is the program name such as:
man:yum
* You can do this using Konqurero or Run (pushing Alt+F2)
Searching with Google in Konqueror/Run
* To search using Konqueror/Run using google you can simple type:
gg:yoursearch
* Such as
gg:fedoraguide
* You can do this using Konqueror or Run (pushing Alt+F2)
* To alter the standard search engine used Konqueror go to. (Thanks to Kim)
settings->configure konqueror->Web Shortcuts
Bash Tweaks/Tips
Auto-correct typos
* Bash has a build in command called shopt which helps to find errors this may be helpful.
* To enable it start the following
shopt -s cdspell
* Test it
cd /hme/marc
/home/marc
Ignore Case for filenames
* Using the same program as above you can change bash to search ignoring case for programs
shopt -s nocaseglob
* What you do then is when you push tab to find a filename bash will do a case insensitive search
Make a file completely secure
* To make a file completely safe even as the root user run the following command.
su -c 'chattr +i myfile'
* This will make the file extra secure. To remove it run the following command
su -c 'chattr -i myfile'
Running old commands
* To run old commands that you aren't sure about try:
history | grep -i "searchvalue"
Renaming a lot of files
* Sometimes people forget to add file types to the end of files you can do this running the following command.
rename file newfile file
rename ipw3945howto ipw3945howto.txt ipw3945howto
Deleting securely
* In Fedora there is program that will completely delete your files. The man page explains it like this Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder for even very expensive hardware probing to recover the data.
shred -z -u yourfile
Watching logs
* There are several ways to follow what is going on in your logs. One way is to use the program watch
su -c 'watch /var/log/messages'
* Another way is to use the tail command
su -c 'tail -f /var/log/messages'
* The -f command means to follow the log. This will show any updates to the your messages log file
Firefox Plugins
This section will install some basic browser plugins for firefox which is the default browser in Fedora 7.
Flash
Installation without #Adobe repository:
su -c 'rpm -ivh http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/current/flash-plugin-9.0.124.0-release.i386.rpm'
or if you are feeling adventureous try the new Flash Player 10beta:
su -c 'rpm -ivh http://download.macromedia.com/pub/labs/flashplayer10/flashplayer10_install_linux_051508.i386.rpm'
Installation if you have #Adobe repository setup.
* Install the Flash Plugin
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=adobe-linux-i386 install flash-plugin'
* If you don't hear audio during playback of flash video just install packet called libflashsupport
su -c 'yum install libflashsupport'
In future if you want to update your flash plugin
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=adobe-linux-i386 update flash-plugin'
* There is no 64 bit flash so to enable flash in a 64 bit machine you will need a program called nsplugininwrapper to finish off the install.
su -c 'yum install nspluginwrapper'
* To enable it run the following command.
mozilla-plugin-config
Sun Java (Method 1)
There are several methods to install the Sun Java Runtime Environment. It has not been completely open sourced so it is not included in Fedora at this stage. This will change in the future when Sun has completely open sourced this package.
Some packages need to be installed initially to complement the installation.
su -c 'yum install compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-296'
You will then need to update the library links.
su -c '/sbin/ldconfig'
You will need to download the Java Package.
You need to download the *.bin file. Currently the file is Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 6 update 4. (jre-6u4-linux-i586.bin)
You will need to be root
su --login
Switch to the correct directory
cd /opt
You will need to run the binary file.
sh /home/marc/Desktop/jre-6u3-linux-i586.bin
Link the plugins into the browser directory
ln -s /opt/jre1.6.0_04/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin_oji.so
Create a java.sh script.
/etc/profile.d/java.sh
======================
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jre1.6.0_04
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
In the terminal:
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
Type the following
/usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/jre1.6.0_04/bin/java 2
Configure the java version
/usr/sbin/alternatives --config java
Enable the Sun JRE as the default package
There are 2 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.4.2-gcj/bin/java
2 /opt/jre1.6.0_04/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number:
Type the following:
2
Test to see if it is enabled you should see it installed.
/usr/sbin/alternatives --display java
* Restart firefox to make sure firefox is making use of the java go to the following website.
* It seems that this bug is fixed with a new version of libxcb. You can find more info at this Bugzilla reference
Sun Java (Method 2 - jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin version)
* Read the #General Notes
* You will need have the #Jpackage
Some packages need to be installed initially to complement the installation.
su -c 'yum install compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-296'
You will then need to update the library links.
su -c '/sbin/ldconfig'
* You will need to download the Java package from Sun. When you download you will need to download the *bin file NOT the *rpm file. Current version is jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin
* You will need to install some pre-requisite packages.
su -c 'yum install rpm-build yum-utils'
* Switch to root
su --login
* Move the files to the appropriate directory and create the directories.
rpmdev-setuptree
mv /home/desktop/YourUsername/jdk* /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/
* Switch to the directory
cd /usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/
* Get the Source RPM
wget http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/jpackage/1.7/generic/non-free/SRPMS/java-1.6.0-sun-1.6.0.4-1jpp.nosrc.rpm
* Rebuild the RPM
setarch i586 rpmbuild --rebuild java-1.6.0-sun-1.6.0.4-1jpp.nosrc.rpm
* Delete some files that can't be installed on Fedora
rm -f /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-fonts* /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-jdbc*
* Install the rpm's
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-*
* Create the link so that it works in Firefox
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jre/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/
* Check to see if it is functioning at java if it shows the wrong version do the following steps.
* Enable the Sun JRE as the default package
There are 2 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.4.2-gcj/bin/java
2 /opt/jre1.6.0_04/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number:
Type the following:
2
Test to see if it is enabled you should see it installed.
Mplayer (Watching Movies)
If you want to watch movies like avi's in your browser.
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum install mplayerplug-in'
Xine (Watching Movies)
If you want to watch movies like avi's in your browser.
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum install totem-xine-mozplugin'
How to play the mms protocol
How to handle mms protocol in Mozilla Firefox
* Open your firefox.
* Type as url: about:config
* Now just right click somewhere into the main window. A little box with options to choose will appear. Choose "new", then "string".
* Then copy the following line into the appearing text field:
network.protocol-handler.app.mms
* Into the next text field copy this:
/usr/bin/mplayer
* Now you do the same thing again, but this time you do not choose "string" but "boolean", and the line to copy is:
network.protocol-handler.external.mms
* Then set
true
How to play Quicktime files
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum install libquicktime'
Link Adobe Acrobat to the mozilla plugins
* Read #General Notes
Linking to the mozilla plugins folder will allow you to view the pdf in the browser instead of viewing with Acrobat Reader
cd /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
su -c 'ln -s /usr/local/Adobe/Acrobat7.0/Browser/intellinux/nppdf.so'
CD/DVD Creation/Burning
How to blank a CD/DVD
You can do this with the software listed below
This is what you can do quickly in the console.
* Put the CD/DVD in
su -c 'umount /dev/cdrom'
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom blank=fast
* Just a clarification, I cdrecord is not installed on FC9 at all, rather there is a program called "wodim" which is linked to cdrecord. Wodim is a modified version of an old version of cdrecord, not the current program from the original author.
CD/DVD Burning
GnomeBaker
A burning utility known as Gnome-Baker
su -c 'yum install gnomebaker'
K3B
K3B is a burning program with similar functionalities to closed source Nero
su -c 'yum install k3b'
* To enable MP3 and other proprietary support in K3B
su -c 'yum install k3b-extras-nonfree'
CD/DVD Creator
Places -> CD/DVD Creating
Then when loaded.
File Menu -> Write to Disc
How to Burn an Image (iso) to Disc
Right click on image (ISO) file -> Write to Disc
How to Create an Image (iso) File
* Using a folder as the data
mkisofs -r -o file.iso /location_of_folder/
* Creating an iso from a CD/DVD
su -c 'umount /dev/cdrom'
readcd dev=/dev/cdrom f=file.iso
How to Un/Mount an Image (iso) without burning it
* To mount your file.iso
mkdir ~/your_disc/
su -c 'mount file.iso ~/your_disc -t iso9660 -o loop'
To access your file.iso you can go into the directory ~/your_disc
* To unmount your file.iso
su -c 'umount ~/your_disc/'
How to generate MD5 checksum files
* Read #General Notes
md5sum file.iso > file.iso.md5
How to check MD5 checksum of files
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that file.iso and file.iso.md5 are in the same folder
md5sum -c file.iso.md5
How to set/change the burn speed for CD/DVD Burner
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
* Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> default_speed (set/change the burn speed)
How to enable burnproof for CD/DVD Burner
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
* Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> burnproof (Checked)
How to enable overburn for CD/DVD Burner
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
* Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> overburn (Checked)
Installing Music Players
Installing a Music Player (Songbird)
* Read #General Notes
* I have since grabbed Martje_001 from ubuntuforums
* It has been modified slightly to be updated to the latest version.
* You will need to paste this script into Gedit then run the script as root.
gedit
* Copy and paste the script below and save it with the filename installsongbird.sh
#!/bin/bash
if [ -d /opt/songbird ]; then
zenity --info --text="You appear to already have Songbird installed. To get the newest version, you should use the self-update function in Songbird instead of using this script."
exit
fi
cd /tmp
uname -m > tmp.arch.txt
if grep -q "64" tmp.arch.txt ; then
anw=`zenity --question --text "You appear to have an AMD64 architecture. Do you want to install the 64-bit version of Songbird?"; echo $?`
if [ $anw = 0 ] ; then
echo 0
wget http://www.xs4all.nl/~mgj1/Songbird/64.bit
URL=`head -n 1 64.bit | tail -n 1`
FILE=`head -n 2 64.bit | tail -n 1`
rm 64.bit
wget "$URL" 2>&1 | sed -u 's/.*\ \([0-9]\+%\)\ \+\([0-9.]\+\ [KMB\/s]\+\)$/\1\n# Downloading Songbird with \2/' | zenity --progress --auto-close --title="Downloading Songbird..."
tar -xvzf "$FILE"
else
zenity --info --text="Installation cancelled."
fi
elif grep -q "86" tmp.arch.txt ; then
anw=`zenity --question --text "You appear to have an x86 architecture. Do you want to install the i686 version of Songbird?"; echo $?`
if [ $anw = 0 ] ; then
gksudo "echo 0"
wget http://www.xs4all.nl/~mgj1/Songbird/32.bit
URL=`head -n 1 32.bit | tail -n 1`
FILE=`head -n 2 32.bit | tail -n 1`
rm 32.bit
wget "$URL" 2>&1 | sed -u 's/.*\ \([0-9]\+%\)\ \+\([0-9.]\+\ [KMB\/s]\+\)$/\1\n# Downloading Songbird with \2/' | zenity --progress --auto-close --title="Downloading Songbird..."
tar -xvzf "$FILE"
else
zenity --info --text="Installation cancelled."
fi
else
zenity --info --text="This script works for only x86 and AMD64 architectures."
fi
rm tmp.arch.txt
mv Songbird /opt/songbird
rm Songbird*.tar.gz
/usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/Songbird songbird /opt/songbird/songbird 2
chown -Rf nobody.nobody /opt/songbird
chmod -Rf 777 /opt/songbird/
wget -c -q http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/songbirdicon.png
mv songbirdicon.png /usr/share/pixmaps/songbird.png
wget -c -q http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/songbird.desktop
mv songbird.desktop /usr/share/applications/songbird.desktop
zenity --info --text="After you refresh your menus, Songbird should be available as an application within the menus. If not, the launcher for Songbird should use the command Songbird (with a capital S). \n \nEnjoy!"
* Make the script executible
chmod +x installsongbird.sh
* Switch to root
su --login
* Switch to the home directory where you saved the script
cd /home/YourUsername
* Run the script
./installsongbird.sh
* To uninstall run the following script as root in the same manner you did before.
#!/bin/bash
anw=`zenity --question --text "This will remove Songbird. Continue?"; echo $?`
if [ $anw = 0 ] ; then
rm -rf /opt/songbird
/usr/sbin/alternatives --remove Songbird /usr/bin/Songbird
rm /usr/share/applications/songbird.desktop
rm /usr/share/pixmaps/songbird.png
anw=`zenity --question --text "Do you want to keep your preferences?"; echo $?`
if [ $anw = 1 ] ; then
rm -r ~/.songbird
fi
fi
zenity --info --text="Songbird is now removed from your system."
* Then run this script as root.
sh uninstallsongbird.sh
* Finally if you want to remove your preferences you will need to switch to your user and run the following command
rm -r ~/.songbird*
XMMS (playing mp3's)
How to play MP3's using a program such as xmms.
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
Setting Winamp Presets in XMMS
You will need to have installed XMMS from above.
* Create a file in your home directory
gedit ~/.xmms/eq.preset
* Add this into the file.
;
; WinAmp EQ presets for XMMS. converted by Urpo Lankinen <wwwwolf@iki.fi>
; Do whatever you want with these. I don't care. No warranty
; expressed or implied. (And if you blast your speakers with these.
; It's Nullsoft's fault anyway =)
;
[Presets]
Preset0=(WinAmp) Classical
Preset1=(WinAmp) Club
Preset2=(WinAmp) Dance
Preset3=(WinAmp) Full Bass
Preset4=(WinAmp) Full Bass & Treble
Preset5=(WinAmp) Full Treble
Preset6=(WinAmp) Laptop Speakers / Headphones
Preset7=(WinAmp) Large Hall
Preset8=(WinAmp) Live
Preset9=(WinAmp) Party
Preset10=(WinAmp) Pop
Preset11=(WinAmp) Reggae
Preset12=(WinAmp) Rock
Preset13=(WinAmp) Ska
Preset14=(WinAmp) Soft
Preset15=(WinAmp) Soft rock
Preset16=(WinAmp) Techno
[(WinAmp) Classical]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.11022e-15
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=-7.2
Band7=-7.2
Band8=-7.2
Band9=-9.6
[(WinAmp) Club]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.11022e-15
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=8
Band3=5.6
Band4=5.6
Band5=5.6
Band6=3.2
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Dance]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=9.6
Band1=7.2
Band2=2.4
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-5.6
Band6=-7.2
Band7=-7.2
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Full Bass]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-8
Band1=9.6
Band2=9.6
Band3=5.6
Band4=1.6
Band5=-4
Band6=-8
Band7=-10.4
Band8=-11.2
Band9=-11.2
[(WinAmp) Full Bass & Treble]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=7.2
Band1=5.6
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-7.2
Band4=-4.8
Band5=1.6
Band6=8
Band7=11.2
Band8=12
Band9=12
[(WinAmp) Full Treble]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-9.6
Band1=-9.6
Band2=-9.6
Band3=-4
Band4=2.4
Band5=11.2
Band6=16
Band7=16
Band8=16
Band9=16.8
[(WinAmp) Laptop Speakers / Headphones]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=4.8
Band1=11.2
Band2=5.6
Band3=-3.2
Band4=-2.4
Band5=1.6
Band6=4.8
Band7=9.6
Band8=12.8
Band9=14.4
[(WinAmp) Large Hall]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=10.4
Band1=10.4
Band2=5.6
Band3=5.6
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-4.8
Band6=-4.8
Band7=-4.8
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Live]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-4.8
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=4
Band3=5.6
Band4=5.6
Band5=5.6
Band6=4
Band7=2.4
Band8=2.4
Band9=2.4
[(WinAmp) Party]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=7.2
Band1=7.2
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=-1.11022e-15
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=7.2
Band9=7.2
[(WinAmp) Pop]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.6
Band1=4.8
Band2=7.2
Band3=8
Band4=5.6
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=-2.4
Band7=-2.4
Band8=-1.6
Band9=-1.6
[(WinAmp) Reggae]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.11022e-15
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-5.6
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=6.4
Band6=6.4
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Rock]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=8
Band1=4.8
Band2=-5.6
Band3=-8
Band4=-3.2
Band5=4
Band6=8.8
Band7=11.2
Band8=11.2
Band9=11.2
[(WinAmp) Ska]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-2.4
Band1=-4.8
Band2=-4
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=4
Band5=5.6
Band6=8.8
Band7=9.6
Band8=11.2
Band9=9.6
[(WinAmp) Soft]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=4.8
Band1=1.6
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-2.4
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=4
Band6=8
Band7=9.6
Band8=11.2
Band9=12
[(WinAmp) Soft rock]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=4
Band1=4
Band2=2.4
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-4
Band5=-5.6
Band6=-3.2
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=2.4
Band9=8.8
[(WinAmp) Techno]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=8
Band1=5.6
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-5.6
Band4=-4.8
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=8
Band7=9.6
Band8=9.6
Band9=8.8
* Save the file
* Load the preset from within xmms
Open the equalizer -> Click Preset -> Load -> Presets
su -c 'yum install xmms-mp3'
Amarok (with mp3 support)
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum install amarok amarok-extras-nonfree
Audacious (with mp3 support)
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
* There are numerous plugins that are available.
su -c 'yum install audacious audacious-plugins-nonfree-mp3'
How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer 10)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33'
* Download RealPlayer Gold from here.
* Install it.
Assumed that .rpm file has been downloaded to your Desktop, because Firefox by default downloads everything to your Desktop
su -c 'rpm -ivh Desktop/RealPlayer10GOLD.rpm'
su -c 'yum remove HelixPlayer'
* Applications -> Sound & Video -> RealPlayer 10
How to install Stream Directory Browser (streamtuner)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
wget -c ftp://ftp.freshrpms.net/pub/dag/dries/packages/streamtuner/fc5-i386/streamtuner-0.99.99-1.fc5.rf.i386.rpm
su -c 'rpm -ivh streamtuner-0.99.99-1.fc5.rf.i386.rpm'
su -c 'rm -f streamtuner-0.99.99-1.fc5.rf.i386.rpm'
* or
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install streamtuner'
* Applications -> Sound & Video -> streamtuner
How to extract RAR files (rar)
Rar files are starting to be used extensively on the internet. You can install the package in Fedora.
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
su -c 'yum install unrar'
Audio Editor (Audacity)
You need to have the Livna Repository enabled.
This will enable the non-free aspects of audacity.
su -c 'yum install audacity-nonfree'
Google Earth
* You will need either the nvidia or ATI drivers installed to view the graphics properly. It is unsure whether Google Earth will work when F8 is released. I will update this when I know further.
* Download Google Earth either using wget or from [http://dl.google.com/earth/client/current/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
here.]
wget http://dl.google.com/earth/client/current/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
* Run the associated bin file.
sh GoogleEarthLinux.bin
* Note: There are issues relating to the latest ATI drivers (8.40.4)with Google Earth. A solution has been found. Please read this post for a way of solving it.
How to view NTFS partitions
Getting access to your windows partitions are easier now.
su -c 'yum install ntfs-3g ntfs-config'
How to configure NTFS partitions using ntfs-config
* You can setup ntfs partition manually which is explained how to do in a paragraphs beneath this, or just use ntfs-config utility that does that automatically for you. Please first backup your /etc/fstab file before you do anything so you can revert back if you make a mess out of it.
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.original'
* Then just start ntfs-config
su -c 'ntfs-config'
How to configure NTFS partitions manually
Setting up Windows Partition folders
* You will need to create a folder which you can 'mount' your windows partition in.
su -c 'mkdir /media/windows'
* If you mount your partitions in /media directory they show up in "Removable media" under Places menue in Gnome and on Desktop. If you don't want your partitions showing there mount then under some other directory; for example unders /mnt.
* Now you need to locate your windows partition, do this with the following command.
su -c '/sbin/fdisk -l'
* That command should return something similar to the following.
Disk /dev/sda: 200.0 GB, 200048565760 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24321 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 11572 92952058+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 11573 23321 94373842+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 23322 24321 8032500 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 200.0 GB, 200048565760 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24321 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 24321 195358401 b W95 FAT32
* Now an entry is needed in the files system table, to do so enter the following.
su -c 'nano /etc/fstab'
* Now in text editor make and entry similar to the follwing as the last line of the file.
/dev/sda1 /media/windows ntfs-3g defaults,fmask=0000,dmask=0000,uid=500 0 0
* If your partition identifier is not "/dev/sda1" substitute the correct device. (For example it might be "/dev/sda1" if you have a SATA /SCSI drive.) Once the new line is added press ctrl+o, at the File Name to Write: /etc/fstab prompt; press enter, this will save the file. Then press ctrl+x to exit the editor. Now you need to mount your new partitions.
su -c 'mount -a'
* At the prompt enter your root password and press enter.
* Close the terminal.
* Your Windows partition should now be available in Nautilus under "/media/windows".
How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (NTFS) manually, and allow all users to read only
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to list partition tables
* Read #How to view NTFS partitions
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)
Local mount folder: /media/windows
* To mount Windows partition
su -c 'mkdir /media/windows'
su -c 'mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t ntfs-3g -o nls=utf8,umask=0222'
* To unmount Windows partition
su -c 'umount /media/windows/'
How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (FAT) manually, and allow all users to read/write
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to list partition tables
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)
Local mount folder: /media/windows
* To mount Windows partition
su -c 'mkdir /media/windows'
su -c 'mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t vfat -o iocharset=utf8,umask=000'
* To unmount Windows partition
su -c 'umount /media/windows/'
How to mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow all users to read only
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to list partition tables
* Read #Setting up Windows Partition folders
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)
Local mount folder: /media/windows
su -c 'mkdir /media/windows'
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
* Append the following line at the end of file
/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs-3g nls=utf8,umask=0222 0 0
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
How to mount Windows partitions (FAT) on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to list partition tables
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)
Local mount folder: /media/windows
su -c 'mkdir /media/windows'
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
* Append the following line at the end of file
/dev/hda1 /media/windows vfat iocharset=utf8,umask=000 0 0
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
Bittorrent Clients
Fedora is released using bittorrent and it is the recommended way to download the Fedora ISO's. Here are some programs you can install to enable bittorrent.
Azureus
This is enabled in extras already.
su -c 'yum install azureus'
Bittorrent
The orginal bittorrent client.
su -c 'yum install bittorrent'
Bittorrent (gui)
The graphical interface to the bittorrent client.
su -c 'yum install bittorrent-gui'
Windows Emulators
Wine
Wine is one of the busiest and fastest changing emulators out on the market. You can find a lot of info relating to what windows programs work at the Wine Application DB
su -c 'yum install wine'
Utorrent
To install UTorrent you will need to install wine as stated above.
wine utorrent.exe
Fonts
After you install the fonts you need to log off and then log back on for the fonts to be enabled and functioning.
Free-type Freeworld
More information relating to fonts can be found on the Linux Font HOWTO.
The freetype-freeworld package uses a technique described in this bug report.
rpm -Uvh http://avi.alkalay.net/software/freetype.bci/FC7/freetype-freeworld-2.3.4-1.i386.rpm
Microsoft Core Fonts
These fonts need to be built from the web so you will build an rpm package based on a SPEC file.
su -c 'yum install wget rpmdevtools rpmbuild cabextract ttmkfdir'
* Then create the rpmdev directory
rpmdev-setuptree
* Switch to your SPECS directory that you created in the previous step.
cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/
* Download the spec file.
wget http://dl.atrpms.net/all/chkfontpath-1.10.1-2.fc9.x86_64.rpm
wget http://corefonts.sourceforge.net/msttcorefonts-2.0-1.spec
* run the following command to build the rpm
rpmbuild -bb msttcorefonts-2.0-1.spec
* Move to where the msttcorefonts rpm was created
cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/
* Download and install the msttcorefonts and dependencies
su -c 'rpm -ivh chkfontpath-1.10.1-2.fc9.x86_64.rpm'
su -c 'rpm -ivh msttcorefonts-2.0-1.noarch.rpm'
* Then run the following code to restart the font server.
su -c '/sbin/service xfs reload'
Or
su -c '/etc/init.d/xfs reload'
Turn on smooth fonts
This will turn on smooth fonts.
gedit ~/.fonts.conf
You then need to enter this data into it.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
<match target="font">
<edit name="autohint" mode="assign">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
Windows Messaging
To enable Windows Messaging on your computer you will need to install one program.
Amsn
su -c 'yum install amsn'
Gaim/Pidgin
su -c 'yum install gaim'
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
You can connect to internet relay chat servers to communicate with other people.
XChat
su -c 'yum install XChat'
* When installed you need to choose a server and log in name.
* For more information
How to install Skype
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
* Add the following repository to your Fedora install.
su -
cat <<EOF> /etc/yum.repos.d/skype.repo
[skype]
name=Skype Repository
baseurl=http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/fedora/updates/i586/
gpgkey=http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/infosys/phone/skype/rpm-public-key.asc
EOF
* Install skype
su -c 'yum -y install skype'
How to install Download Manager (Downloader for X)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install d4x'
* Applications -> Internet -> Downloader for X
How to install FTP Client (gFTP)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install gftp'
* Applications -> Internet -> gFTP
How to install P2P eMule Client (aMule)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install amule'
* Applications -> Internet -> aMule
How to install Image Viewer (Gwenview)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install gwenview'
* Applications -> Graphics -> Gwenview
How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install thunderbird'
* Applications -> Internet -> Thunderbird Mail Client
How to install Newsreader (Pan)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install pan'
* Applications -> Internet -> Pan Newsreader
How to install CHM viewer (GnoCHM)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install gnochm'
* Applications -> Accessories -> CHM Viewer
How to install RSS/RDF/Atom Newsreader (RSSOwl)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
* Read #Sun Java
* Go to rssowl and download your version this example is for x86
su -c 'tar zxvf rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin.tar.gz -C /opt/'
su -c 'chown -R root:root /opt/rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin/'
su -c 'gedit /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh'
* Insert the following lines
export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:${MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME}:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
cd /opt/rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin/
./run.sh
* Save the edited file
su -c 'chmod +x /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh'
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/applications/RSSOwl.desktop'
* Create a desktop file
[Desktop Entry]
Name=RSSOwl
Comment=RSSOwl
Exec=runRSSOwl.sh
Icon=/opt/rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin/rssowl.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
* Save the edited filed
* Applications -> Internet -> RSSOwl
How to install Web Authoring System (bluefish)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install bluefish'
* Applications --> Programming --> Bluefish Editor
How to install KDE Web Development Environment (quanta plus)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install kdewebdev'
* Applications -> Programming -> Quanta Plus
How to install Accounting Application (GnuCash)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum -y install gnucash'
* Applications -> Office -> GnuCash
How to install Partition Editor (GParted)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install gparted'
* Applications -> System Tools -> GParted
How to install Firewall (Firestarter)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install firestarter'
* Applications -> System Tools -> Firestarter
How to install Firewall (Fedora Firewall)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install system-config-firewall'
* System -> Administration - Firewall
How to configure SELinux (Fedora SELinux)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install system-config-selinux'
* Applications -> System Tools -> SELinux Management
How to install network traffic analyzer (Wireshark)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install wireshark wireshark-gnome'
* Applications -> Internet -> Wireshark
How to install Desktop Publishing Application (Scribus)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install scribus'
* Applications -> Office -> Scribus
How to install Desktop Applets (gDesklets)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install gdesklets'
* Applications -> Accessories -> gDesklets
* For more info see: http://gdesklets.gnomedesktop.org/
How to install Basic Compilers (gcc)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install gcc gcc-c++'
How to set up a Development Environment
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
* Add development repo
su -c 'gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-devel.repo'
* Add the following lines to the new file
[development]
name=Fedora - Development
#baseurl=http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/linux/development/$basearch/os/
mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=rawhide&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
* Save the edited file
su -c 'yum groupinstall "Development Tools"'
How to install an Integrated Development Environment (Anjuta)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install anjuta
* Applications -> Programming -> Anjuta IDE
How to install a 3D modeling tool (Blender 3D)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install blender'
* Applications -> Graphics -> Blender 3D modeller
How to install a game Frozen-Bubble
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install frozen-bubble
* Applications -> Games -> Frozen-Bubble
* For more games see: http://games.linux.sk/ or http://www.tuxgames.com/
How to install virtual planetarium (Stellarium)
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install stellarium'
* Applications -> Graphics -> Stellarium nightsky renderer
How to install the KDE Edutainment applications
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum install kdeedu'
* Applications -> Edutainment -> ...
Other Desktop Environments
* Fedora generally comes with Gnome to install another desktop environment look below.
How to install KDE
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum groupinstall kde'
* Log Out
* In sessions choose KDE
* Log in
How to install XFCE
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Repositories
su -c 'yum groupinstall xfce
* Log out
* In sessions choose xfce
* Log in
Commercial Applications
How to install Windows 9x/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin)
* http://www.win4lin.com
How to install Windows Applications (CrossOver Office)
* http://www.codeweavers.com
How to install Windows Games (Cedega)
* http://www.transgaming.com
Networking
How to configure VPN client (PPTP)
Install PPTP Config
su -c 'yum install pptp'
Configure PPTP Config
Launch it beneath Internet, then input the following fields as described:
Server Tab:
* Name - short description of this connection
* Server - dns server name or ip address of the target PPTP server
* Domain - domain name if using Windows or Active Directory authentication
* Username - simply your username to login with
* Password - the password to use with the username above
Routing Tab: For Routing Style select 'Client to LAN'. Then click Edit Network Routes then add the target network in the following format "192.168.0.0/24' for all IP Addresses in the block 192.168.0.*. Next type a short name for this network route and click Add.
DNS Tab: Checking Automatic is recommended, if this doesn't work however you can specify DNS Servers in the Server box. Also input something like "search mycompany.com" in the Options field which will make host name resolution simpler.
Encryption & Misc Tab: Defaults here should be good, but if you are troubleshooting you can uncheck everything.
Finally click Add then Start
How to configure Google Talk
* See the answer at Google Talk Help Center
How to activate/deactivate network connections
* Read #General Notes
* Desktop -> System Settings -> Network
* Devices Tab
* Activate/Deactivate
How to configure network connections
* Read #General Notes
* Desktop -> System Settings -> Network
* Network Configuration
* Edit
* Read #How to activate/deactivate network connections
How to change computer name
* Read #General Notes
hostname your_desired_computer_name
How to change computer descriptions
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
server string = Samba Server
...
* Replace with the following line
server string = new_computer_descriptions
* Save the edited file, then check for errors and restart
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
* or
testparm
su -c 'service smb restart'
How to change computer Domain/Workgroup
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
workgroup = MSHOME
...
* Replace with the following line
workgroup = new_domain_or_workgroup
* Save the edited file
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to assign Hostname to local machine with dynamic IP using free DynDNS service
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to add extra repositories
e.g. Assumed that internet connections have been configured properly
Register free Dynamic DNS at https://www.dyndns.org
Automatically refresh IP in DynDNS Database/DNS every hour
* * * * * means minute hour date month year
su -c 'yum install ipcheck'
su -c 'gedit /root/dyndns_update.sh'
* Insert the following lines into the new file
USERNAME=myusername
PASSWORD=mypassword
HOSTNAME=myhostname.dyndns.org
cd ~/
if [ -f /root/ipcheck.dat ]; then
ipcheck -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
else
ipcheck --makedat -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
fi
* Save the edited file
su -c 'chmod 700 ~/dyndns_update.sh'
su -c 'sh ~//dyndns_update.sh'
su -c 'export EDITOR=gedit && crontab -e'
* Append the following line at the end of file
00 * * * * sh /home/YourUsername/dyndns_update.sh
* Save the edited file
How to share folders the easy way
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
Right click on folder -> Share folder
Shared folder -> Share with: Select "SMB"
Share properties -> Name: Specify the share name
How to browse network computers
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
If computers or network folders could not be found, try access them directly
Read #How to access network folders without mounting
* Places -> Network Servers
How to access network folders without mounting
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1
Shared folder's name: linux
* Applications -> Run Application...
* Run Application
smb://192.168.0.1/linux
How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1
Network computer's Username: myusername
Network computer's Password: mypassword
Shared folder's name: linux
Local mount folder: /media/sharename
* To mount network folder
su -c 'mkdir /media/sharename'
su -c 'mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o username=myusername,password=mypassword'
* To unmount network folder
su -c 'umount /media/sharename/'
How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read/write
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1
Network computer's Username: myusername
Network computer's Password: mypassword
Shared folder's name: linux
Local mount folder: /media/sharename
* To mount network folder
su -c 'mkdir /media/sharename'
su -c 'mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o username=myusername,password=mypassword,dmask=777,fmask=777'
* To unmount network folder
su -c 'umount /media/sharename/'
How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1
Network computer's Username: myusername
Network computer's Password: mypassword
Shared folder's name: linux
Local mount folder: /media/sharename
su -c 'mkdir /media/sharename'
su -c 'gedit ~/.smbcredentials'
* Insert the following lines into the new file
username=myusername
password=mypassword
* Save the edited file
chmod 700 ~/.smbcredentials
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
* Append the following line at the end of file
//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename cifs credentials=/home/yourusername/.smbcredentials 0 0
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly
Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1
Network computer's Username: myusername
Network computer's Password: mypassword
Shared folder's name: linux
Local mount folder: /media/sharename
su -c 'mkdir /media/sharename'
su -c 'gedit ~/.smbcredentials'
* Insert the following lines into the new file
username=myusername
password=mypassword
* Save the edited file
chmod 700 ~/.smbcredentials
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
* Append the following line at the end of file
//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename cifs credentials=/home/your_username/.smbcredentials,dmask=0777,fmask=0777 0 0
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
Remote Desktop
How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
* Read #General Notes
Warning! Remote Desktop will only work if there's a GNOME login session
Leaving computer with an unattended GNOME login session is not secure
Use (System -> Lock Screen) and off the monitor when computer is left unattended
* Desktop -> Preferences -> Remote Desktop
* Remote Desktop Preferences
Sharing ->
Allow other users to view your desktop (Checked)
Allow other users to control your desktop (Checked)
Security ->
Ask you for confirmation (Un-Checked)
Require the user to enter this password: (Checked)
Password: Specify the password
How to connect into remote Fedora desktop
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have configured Remote Desktop
Read #How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
vncviewer -fullscreen 192.168.0.1:0
* To quit vncviewer
Press 'F8' -> Quit viewer
Remote conection Script by fedorajim
Open a teminal window and switch to root.
su -c 'gedit /usr/local/bin/remote2someone'
Add the following text to the text editor
#!/bin/bash
# Written by fedorajim
# enter the IP address ofthe remote PC
IPADDRESS="$(zenity --entry --title "Enter IP Address" --text "Enter the IP Address of the remore PC:")"
echo $IPADDRESS
#Enter the username you aregoing to login with
UserName="$(zenity --entry --title "Enter User Name" --text "Enter the User Name to connect with:")"
echo $UserName
# opens a new terminal window and connects to remote PC
function ssh_Remote_PC
{
gnome-terminal -x ssh -L 5911:$IPADDRESS:5901 $UserName@$IPADDRESS
}
function View_Remote_PC
{
gnome-terminal -x vncviewer localhost:11
}
#################################################
selection=
until [ "$selection" = "0" ]; do
echo ""
echo "######################"
echo "1 - Make Remote Connection"
echo "2 - display Remote Desktop"
echo "0 - exit program"
echo ""
echo -n "Enter selection: "
read selection
echo ""
#####################
# Commands executed #
#####################
case $selection in
1 ) $(ssh_Remote_PC) ;;
2 ) $(View_Remote_PC) ;;
0 ) exit ;;
* ) echo "Please enter 1, 2 or 0"
esac
done
Click save and close the text editor. Right click the desktop an choose create launcher add the following to the Create Launcher dialog
* Name: remote2someone
* Comment: ssh remote connection
* Command: /usr/local/bin/remote2someone
* Type: application
* Run in Terminal: Checked
* Icon: click the Icon button and choose a icon
Click save.
How to connect into remote Fedora desktop via Windows machine
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have configured Remote Desktop
Read #How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
* Download VNC Viewer: Here
Security
What are the basic things I need to know about securing my Fedora
* Read #General Notes
* Ensure hard drive is first in BIOS boot-up sequence
o To prevent trespassers from using Linux Installation CD which allows them to gain root user access
o To prevent trespassers from using Linux Live CD (e.g. Fedora/KNOPPIX/MEPIS) which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive
o To prevent trespassers from installing another Operating System
* Ensure a password is set for BIOS
o To prevent trespassers from changing the BIOS boot-up sequence
* Ensure computer is located at a secured place
o To prevent trespassers from removing computer's hard drive which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive from a different computer
o To prevent trespassers from removing computer's on-board battery which resets the BIOS password
* Ensure passwords used on the system cannot be easily guessed
o To prevent trespassers from cracking password file using brute force attacks (e.g. John the Ripper)
o Create password with minimum length of 8 characters
o Create password with mixture of characters/numbers, and upper/lower case
* Ensure interactive editing control for GRUB menu is disabled
o To prevent trespassers from modifying kernel boot-up arguments which allows them to have root user access
o Read #How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu
* Ensure history listing is disabled in Console mode
o To prevent trespassers from seeing previously issued commands
o Read #How to disable history listing in Console mode
* Ensure Ctrl+Alt+Del is disabled in Console mode
o To prevent trespassers from restarting the system without permission in Console mode
o Read #How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode
* Ensure interactive option is set for remove, copy and move of files/folders in Console mode
o To prevent accidental removal/overwritten of files/folders
o Read #How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode
* For day to day usage, login as a normal user
o To prevent accidental deletion/modification of system files/folders
o Read #How to add/edit/delete system users
* Disable root user account, use "sudo" instead
o To reduce the amount of time spent with root privileges, and thus the risk of inadvertently executing a command as root
o "sudo" provides a more useful audit trail (/var/log/auth.log)
o Read #How to disable root user account
* Install a Firewall
o A firewall does not guarantee security but it is in most environments the first line of defense against network based attacks
o Read #How to install Firewall (Firestarter)
* Perform vulnerability test
o Nessus is a great tool designed to automate the testing and discovery of known security problems
o Read #How to install Vulnerability Scanner (Nessus)
How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu
* Read #General Notes
Make sure you backup the files
grub
grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (Fedora)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Find this section
...
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret
...
* Add the following line below it
password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)
* Find this section
...
title Fedora, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386
savedefault
boot
...
* Replace with the following lines
#title Fedora, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)
#root (hd0,1)
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386
#savedefault
#boot
* Save the edited file
How to disable history listing in Console mode
* Read #General Notes
rm -f $HOME/.bash_history
touch $HOME/.bash_history
chmod 000 $HOME/.bash_history
How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/inittab'
* Find this line
...
ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
...
* Replace with the following line
#ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
* Save the edited file
su -c 'telinit q'
How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode
* Read #General Notes
gedit /someuser/.bashrc
* Find this line
#User specific aliases and functions
* Add the following line below it
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
* Save the edited file
SELinux (with references)
* One of the biggest issues that new users have relates to SELinux. Here are a few links to help fix the situation with one fail safe technique that automatically builds an approval.
* Read #General Notes
* Fedora Project SELinux Page
* SELinux Commands
* One way to modify SELinux is to use system-config-securitylevel. Install it with the following command.
su -c 'yum install system-config-securitylevel]
* The failsafe way which fixes most issues is to use audit2allow by scanning your logs and creating a policy to allow those denials. Some light reading as well can be found with the Red Hat SELinux Guide.
* Note: Make sure you relabel all your files prior to doing this. That may fix the problem. To relabel your files go to system-config-securitylevel and there will be a choice to relabel on next reboot. Tick that box and then restart. The other option is to run the following commands.
touch /.autorelabel
reboot
* The other option is to try and fix the files on a live system. You can attempt this running the following command. This may make the system unstable and the reboot method is preferred and recommended.
fixfiles relabel
* Switch to root
su --login
* Make sure you are in your SELinux Source directory
cd $SELINUX_SRC/
* Make sure you backup the existing local.te file
cp domains/misc/local.te domains/unused/local.te.backup
* Set Audit2Allow to analyse your log file and generate a policy.
audit2allow -i /var/log/messages -o ./local.te
* View the files
cat local.te
* The output may look like this. Make sure there are no double entries and make sure that they look reasonable and correct.
allow syslogd_t bin_t:dir search;
allow syslogd_t bin_t:file { execute execute_no_trans getattr \
read };
allow syslogd_t bin_t:lnk_file read;
allow syslogd_t etc_runtime_t:file { getattr read };
allow syslogd_t proc_kmsg_t:file write;
allow syslogd_t proc_t:file { getattr read };
* When you are happy install the policy
semodule -i local.te
* Do the action that you were doing to generate the error and verify that it has been rectified.
Rescue Mode
How to use Fedora Installation CD, to gain root user access
* Read #General Notes
* Insert Fedora CD #1 into your CD-ROM and boot from it
linux rescue
How to change root user/main user password if forgotten
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to gain root user access without login
* To change root user password
# passwd root
* To change main user password
# passwd system_main_username
How to change GRUB menu password if forgotten
* Read #General Notes
grub
grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (Fedora)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Find this line
...
password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
...
* Replace with the following line
password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)
* Save the edited file
How to restore GRUB menu after Windows installation
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to use Fedora Installation CD, to gain root user access
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda is the location of /boot partition
# su -c /sbin/grub-install /dev/hda'
How to add Windows entry into GRUB menu
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to list partition tables
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Append the following lines at the end of file
title Microsoft Windows
root (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1
* Save the edited file
How to read Linux partitions (ext2, ext3) in Windows machine
* Read #General Notes
* Download Explore2fs: Here
OR
* See www.fs-driver.org
Tips & Tricks
How to add extra Wallpapers, Icons and Themes
* Read #General Notes
* To add extra backgrounds
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/backgrounds.tar.gz
su -c 'tar zxvf backgrounds.tar.gz -C /usr/share'
rm -f backgrounds.tar.gz
* Check weather you have file backgrounds.xml in your .gnome/ directory
ls $HOME/.gnome2/ | grep "backgrounds.xml"
* If this line printed out "backgrounds.xml" then run
cp --preserve=ownership $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml_backup
sed -n -e '1,3p' $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml_backup > $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml
cat /usr/share/backgrounds/frog.xml >> $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml
sed -n -e '4,$p' $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml_backup >> $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml
* ELSE run
su -c 'cp /usr/share/backgrounds/backgrounds.xml $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml'
su -c 'chmod 777 $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml'
* To add extra Icons and Themes run
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/icons.tar.gz
tar zxvf icons.tar.gz -C $USER_HOME
rm -f icons.tar.gz
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/themes.tar.gz
tar zxvf themes.tar.gz -C $USER_HOME
rm -f themes.tar.gz
* Try changing your background, and look in Applications -> Preferences -> Themes (Theme details)
How to add extra Themes (Gnome-themes-extras)
* Fedora 9 now come swith a new package called gnome-themes-extras install it by doing:
su -c 'yum install gnome-themes-extras'
* To change the theme go to System -> Preferences -> Look and Feel -> Appearance you will then be able to change the theme.
How to add the Open Terminal to the R-Click
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install nautilus-open-terminal'
* Right Click the Desktop -> Open Terminal
How to get a shortcut to Root Terminal
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to add extra repositories
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=dries install gksu'
* Applications -> System Tools -> Root Terminal
How to enable the "Switch User" button on the GNOME screensaver
* To do this to just for one user
gconftool-2 --type bool --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/user_switch_enabled true
* To do this for every user
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --type bool --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/user_switch_enabled true
How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
* Read #General Notes
* Save and close all opened applications
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + Backspace'
or
su -c '/usr/sbin/gdm-restart'
How to turn on Num Lock on GNOME startup
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to add extra repositories
su -c 'yum install numlockx
su -c 'cp /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default'
* Find this line (the last line)
...
exit 0
* Add the following lines above it
if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
/usr/bin/numlockx on
fi
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
How to switch to Console mode in GNOME
* Read #General Notes
* To switch to Console mode
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)
* To switch between consles in Console mode
Press 'Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)
* To switch back to GNOME mode
Press 'Alt + F7'
How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in GNOME
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf'
* Append the following lines at the end of file
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "DontZap" "yes"
EndSection
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
How to enable Ctrl+Alt+Del to open System Monitor in GNOME
* Read #General Notes
gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/global_keybindings/run_command_9 "<Control><Alt>Delete"
gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/keybinding_commands/command_9 "gnome-system-monitor"
How to refresh GNOME desktop
* Read #General Notes
killall nautilus
How to refresh GNOME panel
* Read #General Notes
killall gnome-panel
How bypass Keyring's Password
* Read #General Notes
* Install Pam keyring
su -c 'yum install pam_keyring'
* Create the script which will automatically pass the password to keyring
gedit ~/.key.sh
* Add the next section and change the word password to your password
#! /bin/bash
echo password | /usr/libexec/pam-keyring-tool --unlock --keyring=default -s
* Make sure it is executible
chmod +x ~/.key.sh
* Add the script to the startup sequence so that the script is run on boot.
* Go through the menu listed below
System -> Preferences -> Personal -> Sessions
* Click on the startup tab
* Click the add button
* Enter the following details
Name: Keyring Script
Command:~/.key.sh
Comment: My automatic unlock script
* To enable it straight away run the following command.
~/.key.sh
How to open each folder in the same window in Nautilus
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
* Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus -> preferences -> always_use_browser (Checked)
How to enable autosave in Gedit and disable creation of some_file~ files
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
* Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save -> create_backup_copy (Unchecked)
/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save -> auto_save (Checked)
How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
* Read #General Notes
* Places -> Home Folder
* To temporary show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
Press 'Ctrl + H'
* To permanently show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
Edit Menu -> Preferences
Views Tab -> Default View -> Show hidden and backup files (Checked)
How to browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to add extra repositories
su -c 'yum install gksu'
* To install File Browser (Root)
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/applications/Nautilus-root.desktop'
*
o Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry]
Name=File Browser (Root)
Comment=Browse the filesystem with the file manager
Exec=gksu "nautilus --browser ."
Icon=file-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;
*
o Save the edited file
* To browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus
o Applications -> System Tools -> File Browser (Root)
How to show Desktop Icons (Computer, Home, Trash)
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
* Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus -> desktop ->
computer_icon_visible (Checked)
home_icon_visible (Checked)
trash_icon_visible (Checked)
How to change default file type "Open with" program
* Read #General Notes
Right click on file -> Properties
Open With Tab -> Add
Select "Open with" program
Select "Open with" program (Checked)
How to change preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)
* Desktop -> Preferences -> Preferred Applications
* Preferred Applications
Mail Reader Tab -> Default Mail Reader -> Command: mozilla-thunderbird %s
How to open files as root user via right click
* Read #General Notes
gedit $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root
* Insert the following lines into the new file
for uri in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS; do
gnome-"gnome-open $uri" &
done
* Save the edited file
chmod +x $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root
Right click on file -> Scripts -> Open as root
How to disable beep sound in Terminal mode
* Read #General Notes
* Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal
* Terminal
Edit Menu -> Current Profile...
General Tab -> General -> Terminal bell (Un-Checked)
How to install/uninstall .rpm files
* Read #General Notes
* To install .rpm file
su -c 'rpm -i package_file.rpm'
* To uninstall .rpm file
su -c 'rpm -e package_name'
How to rename all files in directory at once
* Read #General Notes
* To install "mvb" file name renamer
* Best done as root
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/mvb_1.6.tgz
tar zxvf mvb_1.6.tgz -C /usr/share/
chown -R root:root /usr/share/mvb_1.6/
ln -fs /usr/share/mvb_1.6/mvb /usr/bin/mvb
* To rename all files in directory at once
mvb NEW_NAME
How to manipulate all image files in directory at once
* Read #General Notes
* To install bash batch image processing script
o Read #How to add extra repositories
su -c 'yum install ImageMagick'
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/bbips.0.3.2.sh
su -c 'cp bbips.0.3.2.sh /usr/bin/bbips'
su -c 'chmod 755 /usr/bin/bbips'
* To manipulate all image files in directory at once
bbips
How to set System-wide Environment Variables
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/bash.bashrc'
* Append the System-wide Environment Variables at the end of file
* Save the edited file
How to save "man" outputs into files
* Read #General Notes
man command | col -b > file.txt
How to show GRUB menu on boot-up
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Find this line
...
hiddenmenu
...
* Replace with the following line
#hiddenmenu
* Save the edited file
How to change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on boot-up
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Find this line
...
timeout 3
...
* Replace with the following line
timeout X_seconds
* Save the edited file
How to change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB menu
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Find this line
...
default 0
...
* Replace with the following line
default X_sequence
* Save the edited file
How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that hd0,1 is the location of Fedora boot partition
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/fedora.xpm.gz
su -c 'chmod 644 fedora.xpm.gz'
su -c 'mkdir /boot/grub/images'
su -c 'cp fedora.xpm.gz /boot/grub/images/'
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
* Find this section
# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
...
* Add the following line below it
splashimage (hd0,1)/boot/grub/images/fedora.xpm.gz
* Save the edited file
How to convert Wallpaper to Splash Image for GRUB menu
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that wallpaper.png is the Wallpaper to be converted to Splash Image
splashimage.xpm.gz is the Splash Image for GRUB menu
convert -resize 640x480 -colors 14 wallpaper.png splashimage.xpm && gzip splashimage.xpm
* Read #How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up (use splashimage.xpm.gz instead of Fedora.xpm.gz)
How to temporary skip boot-up services
* Read #General Notes
Press 'Ctrl + C'
How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Boot-Up Manager (BUM)
How to clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'cp /etc/init.d/sysklogd /etc/init.d/sysklogd_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/init.d/sysklogd'
* Find this section
...
stop)
log_begin_msg "Stopping system log daemon..."
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $binpath --pidfile $pidfile
log_end_msg $?
...
* Add the following line below it
rm -fr /tmp/* /tmp/.??*
* Save the edited file
How to scroll up and down to view previous outputs in Console mode
* Read #General Notes
* To scroll up to view previously outputs
Press 'Shift + Page Up'
* To scroll down to view previously outputs
Press 'Shift + Page Down'
How to forcefully empty Trash in GNOME
* Read #General Notes
rm -fr $HOME/.Trash/
How to remove duplicate menu/menu items in GNOME
* Read #General Notes
rm -f $HOME/.config/menus/applications.menu
Open Terminal Here in Nautilus
gedit ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/"Open Terminal Here"
add the following text
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
$_ = $ENV{'NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI'};
if ($_ and m#^file:///#) {
s/%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
s#^file://##;
exec "gnome-terminal --working-directory='$_'";
}
# Added 2003-12-08 Dexter Ang
if ($_ == "x-nautilus-desktop:///") {
$_ = $ENV{'HOME'};
$_ = $_.'/Desktop';
exec "gnome-terminal --working-directory='$_'";
}
Save and close Gedit
Right click the desktop choose Scripts then "Open Terminal Here"
Open Root Terminal Here in Naultilus
* Read #Set up Sudo on your PC
gedit ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/"Open Root Terminal Here"
Add the following
#!/bin/sh
cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
sudo gnome-terminal
Save and close Gedit
Right click the desktop choose Scripts then "Open Terminal Here"
Servers
File Sharing (Samba Server)
How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
* Use Desktop -> System Settings -> Add/Remove Applications
or
su -c 'yum -y install samba'
su -c 'yum -y install samba-client'
su -c 'yum -y install system-config-samba'
* To enable file sharing on boot
su -c 'chkconfig smb on'
* Desktop -> System Settings -> Server Settings -> Samba
How to add/edit/delete network users
* Use *Desktop -> System Settings -> Server Settings -> Samba
or
* To add network user
o Read #How to add/edit/delete system users
su -c 'smbpasswd -a system_username'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smbusers'
*
o Insert the following line into the new file
system_username = "network username"
*
o Save the edited file
* To edit network user
su -c 'smbpasswd -a system_username'
* To delete network user
su -c 'smbpasswd -x system_username'
How to share home folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following lines
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to add/edit/delete network users
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share home folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following lines
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
* Find this line
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = no
writeable = yes
* Replace with the following lines
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = yes
writeable = no
* Save the edited file
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share group folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'mkdir /home/group'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/group/'
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following lines
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
* Append the following lines at the end of file
[Group]
comment = Group Folder
path = /home/group
public = yes
writable = no
valid users = system_username1 system_username2
create mask = 0700
directory mask = 0700
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to add/edit/delete network users
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share group folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'mkdir /home/group'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/group/'
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following lines
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
* Append the following lines at the end of file
[Group]
comment = Group Folder
path = /home/group
public = yes
writable = yes
valid users = system_username1 system_username2
create mask = 0700
directory mask = 0700
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to add/edit/delete network users
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'mkdir /home/public'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/public/'
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following lines
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
* Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = no
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to add/edit/delete network users
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'mkdir /home/public'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/public/'
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following lines
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
* Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = yes
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
* Save the edited file
* Read #How to add/edit/delete network users
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=No)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'mkdir /home/public'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/public/'
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following line
security = share
* Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = no
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
* Save the edited file
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=No)
* Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'mkdir /home/public'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/public/'
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
* Find this line
...
; security = user
...
* Replace with the following line
security = share
* Append the following lines at the end of file
[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = yes
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
* Save the edited file
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
World Wide Web Server (apache)
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum -y install httpd'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_ssl'
su -c 'yum -y install httpd-manual'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_perl'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_auth_mysql'
su -c 'yum -y install crypto-utils'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_python'
su -c '/etc/init.d/httpd start'
* http://localhost
Apache tips
Remove your server's signature
su -c 'cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf_original'
su -c 'gedit /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf '
* find the line "ServerSignature"
* Change "ServerSignature on" to
ServerSignature off
* Underneath add this line:
ServerTokens ProductOnly
* Save and close the text editer
* restart apache
su -c '/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart'
How to map URLs to folders outside /var/www/
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Web Server
su -c 'gedit /etc/httpd/conf.d/alias'
* Insert the following lines into the new file
Alias /URL-path /location_of_folder/
<Directory /location_of_folder/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/httpd restart'
* http://localhost/URL-path
How to change the default port number for Apache HTTP Server
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Web Server
e.g. Assumed that new port number is 78
su -c 'cp /etc/httpd/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/httpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/httpd/httpd.conf'
* Find this line
Listen 80
* Replace with the following line
Listen 78
* Save the edited file
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
* http://localhost:78
Secure Shell (ssh)
Securing SSH better
How to SSH into remote Fedora machine
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
ssh username@192.168.0.1
How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine (scp)
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt
Local machine save location: . (current directory)
scp -r username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .
How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine using Nautilus(scp)
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt
Local machine save location: . (current directory)
* Open the following window Places -> Connect to Server
* Add the following details when you have opened the window
Service Type:SSH
Server:192.168.0.1
Port:Leave blank
Folder:/home/username
Username:username
Name to use for connection:Remote Machine's Name
* You will find the connection under the Places menu
How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Fedora machine (scp)
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
Local files/folders location: localfile.txt
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
Remote Fedora machine save location: /home/username/
scp -r localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/
How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine (rsync)
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt
Local machine save location: . (current directory)
rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .
How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Fedora machine (rsync)
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
Local files/folders location: localfile.txt
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
Remote Fedora machine save location: /home/username/
rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/
How to SSH into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
* Download PuTTY: Here
How to copy files/folders from/into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall allows to connect to it
* Download WinSCP: Here
File Transfer Server (proftpd)
How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install proftpd'
su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd start'
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
su -c 'cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/proftpd.conf'
* Append the following lines at the end of file
<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
<Directory *>
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Directory>
</Anonymous>
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd restart'
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
su -c 'cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/proftpd.conf'
* Append the following lines at the end of file
<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
</Anonymous>
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd restart'
How to map anonymous FTP user to folders outside /home/ftp/
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
su -c 'cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/proftpd.conf'
* Append the following lines at the end of file
<Anonymous /location_of_folder/>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
<Directory *>
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Directory>
</Anonymous>
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd restart'
How to change the default port number for FTP Server
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
e.g. Assumed that new port number is 77
su -c 'cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/proftpd.conf'
* Find this line
Port 21
* Replace with the following line
Port 77
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd restart'
How to ftp into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed FTP Server service
Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
* Download FileZilla: Here
File Transfer Server (pure-ftpd)
How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install pure-ftpd'
su -c '/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd start'
Automatically start
* You need to be root
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
chkconfig pure-ftpd on
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
su -c 'cp /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf'
* Find the following line
NoAnonymous no
* Make sure it says no
* Save the edited file
* The directory of your Anonymous ftp users will be the same as your ftp user. Usually /var/ftp
* If you do not have an ftp user you will need to create one.
su -c '/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart'
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
su -c 'cp /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf'
* Change the following lines from
AnonymousCanCreateDirs no
AnonymousCantUpload yes
* To
AnonymousCanCreateDirs yes
AnonymousCantUpload no
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart'
How to change the default port number for FTP Server
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
e.g. Assumed that new port number is 77
su -c 'cp /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf'
* Find this line
# Bind 127.0.0.1,21
* Replace with the following line
Bind 77
* Save the edited file
su -c '/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart'
How to ftp into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
* Read #General Notes
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed FTP Server service
Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
* Download FileZilla: Here
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
* Read #General Notes
* For gnome
su -c 'yum install NetworkManager-vpnc'
* For KDE
su -c 'yum install knetworkmanager-vpnc'
* Configure your connection using network manager or Knetworkmanager
OR
su -c 'yum install pptp'
* Configure your vpn as root
pptpconfig
Proxy Server (squid)
* Read #General Notes
* Note this will create a transparent proxy. Associated changes will need to be made to your firewall to benefit.
su -c 'yum install squid'
* Find the following lines and alter them to what is provided. The config line is very big so back it up.
* Set the port and what type of proxy is required
http_port 3128 transparent
* Allow cachemgr access
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow manager localhost
http_access deny manager
# Deny requests to unknown ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
# Deny CONNECT to other than SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
* Allow the network of 'localhost' and deny the rest
http_access allow localhost
http_access deny all
* Set the 'local_network' and allow it
acl local_network src 192.168.1.0/24
http_access allow local_network
* You will need to redirect all outgoing port 80 traffic to be redirected through port 3128 to benefit from the proxy server an example line of my firewall script is listed below as an example.
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j REDIRECT --to 3128
Outgoing Mail server (sendmail)
* Read #General Notes
* By default sendmail is installed however if you need to install sendmail
su -c 'yum install sendmail'
* Edit the following lines changing it to your data
su -c 'gedit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc'
* Set your local domain
LOCAL_DOMAIN(`mail.your.domain.com)dnl
* All emails will have yourname@your.domain.com
MASQUERADE_AS(`your.domain.com')dnl
* If you use procmail.
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(procmail)dnl
* Set the type of action sendmail will be
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp, Name=MTA')dnl
* Edit the virtusertable
su -c 'gedit /etc/mail/virtusertable'
* Add your usernames and email addresses at the bottom in that format.
name@your.domain.com name
* Close virtusertable down and sendmail.mc Compile the directory
make -C /etc/mail
* Set up your aliases adjust the following lines at the bottom
su -c 'gedit /etc/aliases'
# Person who should get root's mail
root: youradminusername
youradminusername: youradminusername
* Close the file down and run the following command as root. Make sure it comes up on boot
newaliases
chkconfig sendmail on
* Restart sendmail
su -c '/etc/init.d/sendmail restart'
Mail server (dovecot)
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install dovecot'
* Make sure it comes up on boot (Run the command as root)
chkconfig dovecot on
POP/IMAP settings
* Edit the dovecot.conf file
su -c 'gedit /etc/dovecot.conf'
* Modify the following lines
* What type of server do you want it will set the options for imap or pop3 If you want pop remove the imap and imaps.
protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s
* Dovecot should listen on the standard ports
listen = [::]
* Set the mail location. The example below creates in your home directory a mail folder called Maildir
# mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
# mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
maildir:~/Maildir
Server Intrusion Prevention (denyhosts)
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install denyhosts'
How to secure your system
* Read #General Notes
* Read #Server Intrusion Prevention (denyhosts)
* Backup your original config file
su -c 'cp /etc/denyhosts.conf /etc/denyhosts.conf_backup
* To change the config to suit your system
su -c 'gedit /etc/denyhosts.conf'
* Modify the following lines to match what is listed below. Remember to remove the '#' at the beginning of the lines
PURGE_DENY = 4w
BLOCK_SERVICE = ALL
DENY_THRESHOLD_INVALID = 5
DENY_THRESHOLD_VALID = 10
DENY_THRESHOLD_ROOT = 0
DENY_THRESHOLD_RESTRICTED = 1
SYSLOG_REPORT=YES
AGE_RESET_VALID=5d
AGE_RESET_ROOT=25d
SYNC_SERVER = http://xmlrpc.denyhosts.net:9911
SYNC_INTERVAL = 1h
SYNC_UPLOAD = yes
SYNC_DOWNLOAD_RESILIENCY = 5h
Domain Name Service (bind)
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install named'
* Enable on boot. Run the command as root.
chkconfig named on
* The easiest method is to follow the following howto from Redhat it is exactly the same as what I used.
How to set up a home DNS server
DHCP Server (dhcpd)
* Read #General Notes
su -c 'yum install dhcpd'
* Enable on boot. Run this command as root
chkconfig dhcpd on
* Edit the config file
su -c 'cp /etc/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/dhcpd.conf'
* Adjust your config to have a range issued in between 192.168.1.100 -> 192.168.1.200
* Note: Remember the curly braces {}
* If you want to have an ip linked to a print-server named print-server you follow the host section listed below.
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
allow bootp;
ddns-update-style ad-hoc;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200;
host print-server {
hardware ethernet 00:40:c8:04:03:db; #Your specific ethernet hardware
fixed-address 192.168.1.20; #The ip that you want that print server to have always
default-lease-time -1; #the lease time of the ip -1 is forever
}
}
* A simple host section as an example
host strikeforce {
hardware ethernet 00:0F:EA:3E:12:58;
fixed-address 192.168.1.150;
}
Internet Time Server (ntpd)
* Read #General Notes
* It will have a default list of locations to update your clock on your machine.
su -c 'yum install ntpd'
* Make sure you it is turned on when you boot. Run the command as root.
chkconfig ntpd on
* If you would like to link to other servers around the world you will need to add a line in the following layout.
su -c 'gedit /etc/ntp.conf'
server 0.fedora.pool.ntp.org dynamic
Database Server (mysql)
* Read #General Notes
* Use Desktop -> System Settings -> Add/Remove Applications
or
su -c 'yum install mysql'
su -c 'yum install mysql-server'
su -c 'yum install php-mysql'
su -c 'yum install MySQL-python'
su -c '/etc/init.d/mysqld start'
mysqladmin -u root password new_db_user_password
How to install MYSQL Control Center
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install MYSQL Database Server
su -c 'yum install mysql-administrator'
* Applications -> System Tools -> MySQL Administrator
PHP on your Web Server
* Read #General Notes
* Read #How to install Web Server
su -c 'yum install php'
su -c 'yum install php-mysql'
su -c '/etc/init.d/httpd restart'
* Insert the following line into a new file
su -c 'echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>' > /var/www/html/testphp.php'
* http://localhost/testphp.php
The main reason that I use this Filesystem format for the majority of my Linux partitions is that it is faster and fsck will not run a check on these partitions if there is an error. Of course, if there is an error, a manual check will be needed. The following commands can be used to perform this check.
[root@localhost ~]# reiserfsck -rebuild-tree -S -l /recovery.log /dev/sdb5
[root@localhost ~]# reiserfsck -rebuild-sb -check /dev/sdb5
Further documentation on how to check for errors can be found at:
http://antrix.net/journal/techtalk/reiserfs_data_recovery_howto.comments
http://martian.org/marty/2003/09/05/reiserfs-filesystem-recovery/ **A truly brilliant recovery system **
This is his blog entry which I am going to repost here for my own sake:
Reiserfs filesystem recovery
Published
by
Marty
on 2003-09-05
in Uncategorized
. Tags: GNU/Linux.
Cleaning up after disk crashing season hasn’t been fun, but I am pleased with what I’ve managed to recover from the worst crash.
I wanted to get the latest data from the dead webserver. It was in MySQL, and stored in /var/lib/mysql. Unfortunately, the /var/lib directory no longer existed.
I didn’t want to try to recover it in place — with so many bad blocks, things can only get worse — so I copied the entire partition to a file on my laptop (the one with the shiny new disk):
ssh deadserver dd if=/dev/hda1 conv=noerror,sync > hda1.img
(You need the conv=noerror or else dd will stop when it hits the first bad block.)
So, then I had most of a corrupt filesystem image. To make it useful I used the loop driver:
losetup /dev/loop0 hda1.img
Now I could try reiserfsck to see what I could recover. I started with
reiserfsck –rebuild-sb /dev/loop0
to rebuild the superblock: even it if hadn’t been affected by the physical disk corruption, it would certainly be confused by it new home in a looped image that probably wasn’t the same size as the original partition. Next step was
reiserfsck –rebuild-tree /dev/loop0
to try to find the contents of the missing directories. I finished it off with
reiserfsck –check –rebuild-tree /dev/loop0
to make sure it was happy.
Now I can just
mount /dev/loop0 /mnt
and have a look in /mnt/lost+found. The data is there!
@@A great article and The Structure of Reiserfs
http://homes.cerias.purdue.edu/~florian/reiser/reiserfs.php@@
@@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reiserfs@@
*[[A link]]
*[[A link]]
*[[A link]]
*<<closeAll>>
*<<permaview>>
*<<saveChanges>>
I'm really impressed by Fedora 9 and here come one of my source of frustration on the previous versions: Java Support and Eclipse.
Until Fedora 8 I needed to install a "thrid party" (the original) Eclipse and Sun's Java to have a decent Java support. I needed to use the original Eclipse because somehow it doesn't wanted to use the Sun's Java, just Gnu Java (which wasn't compatible with Java 1.6). Now Fedora have really flexible Eclipse (3.3.2) with some useful plugins and I can use the Java version that I want. Here comes the hack: I do not need it any more because Gnu Java (ok, openjdk actually) is already Java 1.6 compatible. An amazing step forward to interoperability (at least for me). I still keep the Eclipse "third party" step in my road map, as also Sun's Java, but just because I haven't tried it long enough to discard it (but I'm using the Fedora packages now).
For those of you that want to give a shot:
{{{
[update]
Java source included:
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src
java-1.5.0-gcj-src
[update]
Java support:
#---
yum -y install \
gcc-java \
java-1.6.0-openjdk \
java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin \
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc \
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src \
java-1.5.0-gcj \
java-1.5.0-gcj-devel \
java-1.5.0-gcj-javadoc \
java-1.5.0-gcj-src
#---
Eclipse for Java:
#---
yum -y install \
eclipse-platform \
eclipse-ecj \
eclipse-jdt \
eclipse-cvs-client \
eclipse-subclipse \
eclipse-subclipse-book
#---
For C++ development:
#---
yum -y install \
eclipse-cdt
#---
Mylyn plugin:
#---
yum -y install \
eclipse-mylyn \
eclipse-mylyn-ide \
eclipse-mylyn-java \
eclipse-mylyn-bugzilla \
eclipse-mylyn-trac
#---
}}}
A note on the docs, you will find them in:
/usr/share/javadoc/java-1.5.0-gcj/
/usr/share/javadoc/java-1.6.0-openjdk/
Do this first then....
How do I install RSSOwl 2.0 into Eclipse?
1. Install Eclipse 3.3.1.1 or later if not yet done
2. Start Eclipse
3. Open the Menu "Help" and select "Find and Install" from the "Software Updates" item
4. In the dialog select "Search for new features to install"
5. Select "New Remote Site"
6. Choose any name for the site
7. Type in http://boreal.rssowl.org as URL and press "OK"
8. Press the "Finish" button
9. You will now see a list of downloads available for RSSOwl 2
10. Expand the elements of the list and put a mark into the RSSOwl 2.0 for Eclipse checkbox
11. Press the "Next" button
12. Read through the license agreement if you want, and accept it below
13. Press the "Next" button followed by the "Finish" button
14. Eclipse is now downloading RSSOwl 2.0 and will ask for a restart when done
15. Restart Eclipse and find a new perspective "RSSOwl"
1. Skype installation
a. Get skype
http://www.skype.com/intl/en/downloa.../linux/choose/
b. Install Skype
2. Send SMS (text messages) with skype: Download Skype4py
a.Go to http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=202148 and download only Skype4Py-1.0.29.0.tar.gz file
b. right click on the file and chose extract here
c. go to this directory where you just extracted files and type "sudo python setup.py install" (without "") in the terminal.
3. a.Download http://www.kolmann.at/philipp/linux/skysentials/skysentials-1.0.1.tar.gz
b. right click on the file and chose extract here
c. open skype
d. go to this directory where you just extracted files in 3.b and run program with ./skysentials.py in the terminal(or sudo python skysentials.py)
Enjoy!
I did try to install SMS support using other tools such as http://www.oberle.org/skype_linux_tools but with no success. Then I googled around and finally found a solution. I sent a message using the SkySentials tool to my girlfriend here in Korea and it worked with Skype 2.0.0.72.
Here's the original link http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=778691
It can be fairly simple. If this is for something simple that you just need an cert for I would go about it this way (There are other ways, that require a CSR, but this is quick and painless).
First you have to generate an RSA key (Your private key)
Quote:
{{{
openssl genrsa -des3 -out privkey.pem 2048
}}}
That command will create a new private key: privkey.pem for signing your certificates.
If you don't want / need to have your private key password protected, you can remove the '-des3' from that command.
Now to create a self signed cerificate:
Quote:
{{{
openssl req -new -x509 -key privkey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650
}}}
This will prompt you for a bunch of information like your country / city / Organization. You can fill that out with whatever you want. When you get to 'Common Name' you should enter the FQDN or the IP for the server the key is for.
If you didn't remove the '-des3' from the first command it will ask you for the password for the private key as well.
The -days option should speak for itself. :)
From here installing the cert depends on what application you're using it with. Usually you just copy the key and the cert to whatever directory you application wants and editing config files.
Power sessions with Screen
Screen is a full-screen window manager for the console, that comes with every flavour of Linux and UNIX. It is best known for multiplexing a physical terminal across several processes. By using it, you can run any number of console-based applications within a single terminal.
For example, suppose I want to run the 'top' program to keep track of the system load, edit my programming code and check my mail at the same time ... Usually, I have to open at least 3 terminals to do all this. But by using the screen utility, I can run all these programs at the same time in the same physical terminal. Another great feature of this wonderful utility is its ability to decouple the terminal emulator from the running program, which ensures your job is running even if you accidentally close your window, or in case you log out. After detaching, you can reconnect once again to the same session and regain control over the running jobs.
Here I will explain how to use this utility.
1) First open a terminal (eg: xterm if you are in X windows) and type :
$ screen
2) Screen starts and creates a new single window with a shell, pretty much like what you had before. The path name of the shell is taken from the $SHELL variable. New windows can be created within the same physical terminal using the screen commands.
3) Now that you have started screen in a terminal, suppose you want to run the 'top' program to check the System load and at the same time you want to compile a program too - Also you would like to switch between the two to see the progress made by both.
For that, first execute the first program to be run (say 'top'). now 'top' will start in the terminal.
Now open a new window in screen by pressing the '[Ctrl + a] c' - which I will state as 'C-a c' . This will create a new window in the same terminal. Here, you can give commands to compile your program.
In screen, each window is given a unique identifier. The first window is numbered 0, the next window is 1 and so on. Now to switch between your 'top' and the compiling program, you can use the key 'C-a 0' and 'C-a 1' respectively.
You can also associate names with each running window - use 'C-a A' to give a name to the current window.
Here are a few other commands that might come in handy while toggling between various running windows :
* 'C-a p' and 'C-a n' can be used to switch to the next or previous window respectively.
* 'C-a N' - where N is the number from 0 to 9, that can be used to jump to the corresponding window.
* 'C-a w' displays a list of all windows. The unique ID of each window with its name and running process is displayed, for each window. The current window is marked with an asterisk(*).
* 'C-a k' - can be used to kill the current window. You can also type 'exit' to kill the current window. If no more windows are open, then screen exits. 'C-a \' also does the same thing.
* 'C-a d' - detaches the present screen session. You can also detach by closing the terminal running your screen utility. Though, this appears to close your terminal session, in reality this does not happen. It only unbinds your session from the current terminal. All the programs started under screen will still keep running.
You can also log out from the machine and re-login. Then start any terminal session and type 'screen -r' to once again be connected from where you left.
In case, there were more than one screen sessions running on the machine, Screen prompts for a host.tty.pid.
For example, say I have two screen sessions. So when I type 'screen -r' command, it gives the following message:
$ screen -r
There are several suitable screens on:
2999.pts-6.localhost (Detached)
1920.PTS-6.localhost (Detached)
Type "screen [-d] -r [pid].tty.host" to resume one of them.
Choose the proper tty.host to connect to and you are controlling your program again. You can also share your screen session with others like using VNC . Imagine you are having a problem with your code and want to share it with your boss who is located in another office. You can use screen to share your session with your boss, and he can see what you are referring to. The first user starts his screen in a normal fashion and executes the following commands ...
User1:
[Ctrl-A]:multiuser on [RET]
[Ctrl-A]:acladd
The second user starts a new screen session and connects it to the first session using ...
User2:
screen -x
There are lots and lots of features in Screen other than those that were described here. To know more about Screen, visit the Official Screen Home Page @@http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/screen.html@@ . You can also find a very good introductory tutorial at Kuro5hin.org @@http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/3/9/16838/14935@@.
http://www.voipproviderslist.com/country/voip-korea-(south)/voip-providers-korea-(south)/
The following website has a great step-by-step explanation of what one needs to do to get Python setup properly in Eclipse.
http://www.fabioz.com/pydev/manual_101_root.html
A little bit of techno and some things that I like about technology.
Here are the steps that I went through to install AICCU, for Fedora 9.
First made sure that I had the necessary libraries installed.
[Elias@localhost /home/Elias]# sudo yum install -y rpmdevtools (I already had these installed from my experiment with Skype)
Grabbed the AICCU tarball from SixSX at http://www.sixxs.net/archive/sixxs/aiccu/unix/
downloaded to /usr/local
[Elias@localhost /usr/local]$ tar zxvf aiccu_20070115.tar.gz
[Elias@localhost /usr/local]$ cd aiccu/rpm
[Elias@localhost /usr/local]$ cp -av aiccu.rpm ~/rpmbuild/SPECS
[Elias@localhost /usr/local]$ cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/SPECS]$ rpmbuild -bb aiccu.spec
error: File /home/Elias/rpmbuild/SOURCES/aiccu_2007.01.15.tar.gz: No such file or directory
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/SPECS]$ cp -av /usr/local/aiccu_20070115.tar.gz ../SOURCES/aiccu_2007.01.15.tar.gz (I had to change the name here!!)
`/usr/local/aiccu_20070115.tar.gz' -> `../SOURCES/aiccu_2007.01.15.tar.gz'
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/SPECS]$ rpmbuild -bb aiccu.spec error: Failed build dependencies:
gnutls-devel is needed by aiccu-2007.01.15-1.fc9.i386
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/SPECS]$ sudo yum install gnutls-devel
~~
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/i386]$ cd ../RPMS/i386
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/i386]$ ls
aiccu-2007.01.15-1.fc9.i386.rpm
aiccu-debuginfo-2007.01.15-1.fc9.i386.rpm
skype_static-oss-2.0.0.68-1.fc9.i386.rpm
skype_static-oss-debuginfo-2.0.0.68-1.fc9.i386.rpm
[Elias@localhost ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/i386]$ sudo rpm -ivvh aiccu-2007.01.15-1.fc9.i386.rpm
~~
And here is where I have stopped as of May 26, 2008.
SixXS
@@http://www.sixxs.net/@@
[[AICCU Readme]]
These are the steps:
[[SMS Messages]]
# as root
yum install -y rpmdevtools
# as user
rpmdev-setuptree
cd ~/rpmbuild/SPEC
wget http://izhar.fedorapeople.org/misc/skype_static-oss.spec
spectool -R -g -A skype_static-oss.spec
rpmbuild -bb skype_static-oss.spec
# ... wait ... wait ... wait
# grab the generated RPM (found in ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/i386/)
# rpm -ivh (the generated rpm)
# enjoy~
I am experimenting with getting Skype to work without Pulse Audio.
I can't figure out what the problem is with audio record in Fedora 9, so I am trying a workaround following @@http://blog.kagesenshi.org/2008/04/little-hack-to-get-working-skype-rpm.html@@
article.
20 June 2008
Finally, it turned out that the problem was my default mic was not set for the the "front mic."
* Set the output and ringing device to pulse in Options | Sound Devices.
* Set the input device to the hardware device, HDA NVidia(hw:NVidia,0) in my case
* With these settings, Make a test sound and Make a test call should work, although the sound was quite bad in my case.
* Edit /etc/pulse/daemon.conf according to http://forum.skype.com/index.php?showtopic=119961&st=20
* Possibly also edit daemon.conf according to http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-fi...udio-on-fedora9. I'm not completely convinced that this actually works, bit it doesn't seem to hurt anyway.
* Now the sound should be OK
Edit /etc/pulse/daemon.conf as root, append the following lines to the end, save, and restart pulseaudio:
CODE
default-fragments = 8
default-fragment-size-msec = 5
Then run OSS Skype with padsp, as before.
This link also helped.
http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-fix-the-sound-issues-between-skype2.0-and-pulseaudio-on-fedora9
I am about to try this program to see if I can get my last two hardisks to stop spinning until I can find a real use for them.
First sg3_utils needed to be installed, which I accomplished by:
[root@localhost /usr/local/spindown-0.2]# yum -y install sg3_utils
[root@localhost /usr/local/spindown-0.2]# make
~~
[root@localhost /usr/local/spindown-0.2]# make install
~~
[root@localhost /usr/local/spindown-0.2]# gedit spindown.conf.example &
-Add drives, then save as /etc/spindown.conf
[root@localhost /usr/local/spindown-0.2]# /etc/init.d/spindown start
Starting spindownd daemon: ...done.
[root@localhost /usr/local/spindown-0.2]# /etc/init.d/spindown status
name watched active idle-time spindown-time
sde 1 1 6 3600
sdf 1 1 6 3600
@@http://linux.softpedia.com/get/System/Hardware/Spindown-37597.shtml@@
HOW TO: Static Ip
Using a Linksys router in this example:
1. Using a browser see if you can get into the router by going to 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1
2. Under the status tab grab the info for dns nameserver and write it down.<br/>
[img[A picture of the router's Status page|images/NameServers1.png]]
Using the GUI.
3. Goto System Settings | Network
4. Type su password
5. Make sure your eth device is active
6. Double Click the active device
7. General tab select Statically set IP address
8. For address match the first three numbers you used to get into router and change the four number to what you want it to be static.
9. Subnet mask is 255.255.255.0
10. Default gateway is the same number you got into the router in step 1.
11. Make sure the check marks in the first two boxes are turned on if that is the configuration you want (in other words network works after reboots)
12. Hit OK
13. Select DNS tab
14. Leave host name alone
15. Enter the numbers you wrote down in step 2
16. dns search path should be the hostname of router (cfl.rr.com for Road Runner in Central Florida for example)
[<img[A picture of the network manager's page|images/network.png]]
[>img[A picture of the router's page|images/router.png]]
17. Select Hosts tab
18. Select New
19. Enter the router address here
20. enter a name like gateway
21. enter an alias /description
22. Select Ok
23. Exit and save info
24. Reboot the computer to test your configuration.
Remember it is not dhcp so it will not show up in the router in the DHCP list. You can verify your settings are correct by talking to the router by checking the log in the router after going to a few websites and see if your linux box is in the outbound portion of the log.
Of course you can terminal an answer of your current ip, but I like to doublecheck outside the box.
Drop to a terminal
su -
/sbin/ifconfig
Don't forget to Forward Ports!!!!
[img[A picture of the router's Port Forwarding Page|images/PortRangeForwarding.png]]
/***
!Zeldman
http://tiddlystyles.com/#theme:Zeldman
!Colors used by this Theme
*@@background(#f79b60):#f79b60@@
*@@background(#c51):#c51@@
*@@background(#d16400):#d16400@@
*@@background(#be540b):#be540b@@
*@@background(#b44):#b44@@
*@@background(#930):#930@@
*@@background(#922):#922@@
*@@background(#f5d7b4):#f5d7b4@@
*@@background(#cf936c):#cf936c@@
*@@background(#c5886b):#c5886b@@
*@@background(#b8764c):#b8764c@@
*@@background(#867663):#867663@@ Used for MSG Area, Tiddler Title, text, and SubTitle
*@@background(#fff):#fff@@
*@@background(#ccc):#ccc@@
*@@background(#aaa):#aaa@@
*@@background(#888):#888@@
*@@background(#666):#666@@
*@@background(#333):#333@@
*@@background(#000):#000@@
!Popup styles /% =========================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
#popup {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0;
background: #fff;
color: #f79b60;
}
#popup a{
color: #f79b60;
font-weight: normal;
}
#popup a:hover {
background: #f5d7b4;
color: #930;
}
#popup hr {border-top: solid 1px #f5d7b48;}
#popup li.disabled{color: #cf936c;}
#popup .currentlySelected,
#popup .currentlySelected:hover{
background: #f5d7b4;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
!Generic styles /% ===================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
background-color: transparent;
margin: .25em 0;
}
h1 {
border-bottom: 2px dotted #ccc;
}
h2 {
border-bottom: 1px dotted #ccc;
}
a{
color: #f79b60;
color: #c51;
}
a.button:active,
a:hover{
color: #f79b60;
background: transparent;
}
a.button,
a.button:active{
border: 0;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
!Header styles /% ================================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
.header{
position: static;
}
.titleLine {
height: 7.5em;
background: #c51;
border-bottom: 8px solid #b8764c;
color: #fff;
left:0;
}
.titleLine a,
.titleLine a:link,
.titleLine a:hover{
color: #fff;
}
.titleLine a:hover{
border-bottom: 2px dotted;
}
.headerLine{
padding: 0;
border-top: 5px solid #cf936c;
border-bottom: 3px solid #f5d7b4;
}
.siteTitle {
text-align: right;
font-size: 4.5em;
font-weight: bold;
padding-right: .5em;
}
.siteSubtitle {
text-align: right;
font-size: 1.5em;
font-family: georgia,times;
padding-right: 1.5em;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
!Main menu styles /% ================================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
#mainMenu {
width: 12em;
margin-top: .5em;
left: .5em;
padding: 0;
border: 1px solid #f5d7b4;
color: #666
}
#mainMenu ul,
#mainMenu li{
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
#mainMenu li strong a {
color: #fff;
background: #d16400;
}
#mainMenu li strong a:hover,#mainMenu li strong .button:hover{
color: #f5d7b4;
background: #930;
text-decoration: none;
}
/* The bold has to be a block to contain the links <a>
because inline elements can't contain blocks */
#mainMenu li strong,
#mainMenu li span{
display: block;
}
#mainMenu li a,
#mainMenu li a:link{
display: block;
width: 100%;
text-decoration: none;
padding-right: 5px;
margin-right: 0;
color: #f79b60;
border: 0;
}
#mainMenu li a:hover, #mainMenu li .button:hover{
background-color: #f5d7b4;
text-decoration: none;
}
#mainMenu a:link{
text-decoration: none;
color: #f79b60;
margin-right: 5px;
}
#mainMenu a:hover,#mainMenu .button:hover{
text-decoration: underline;
background: transparent;
color: #930;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
!Message area styles /% ================================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
#messageArea {
background-color: #f5d7b4;
color: #867663;
padding: 0.5em;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
#messageArea a:link, #messageArea a:visited {
color: #c51;
}
#messageArea a:hover {
color: #f79b60;
}
#messageArea a:active {
color: #fff;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
!Sidebar styles /% ================================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
#sidebar {
width: 14.5em;
border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;
border-left: 1px solid #aaa;
}
#sidebarOptions{
background-color: #fff;
}
#sidebarOptions a{
color: #f79b60;
background: transparent;
text-decoration: none;
border: 0;
}
#sidebarOptions a:hover{
color: #c51;
background: #fff;
text-decoration: underline;
}
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel{
background: #f5d7b4;
margin: 0;
}
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel a{
color: #922;
font-weight:normal;
}
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel a:hover{
color: #b44;
background: transparent;
}
#sidebarTabs {
background-color: #fff;
}
#sidebarTabs a {
background: transparent;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabContents a:hover {
color: #922;
text-decoration: underline;
background-color: transparent;
}
.tab {
margin: 0px 1px;
border:1px solid #aaa;
border-bottom:none;
color: #922;
}
.tab:hover {
border-color: black;
text-decoration: none;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabSelected {
background: #f5d7b4;
padding: 2px 4px;
color: #922;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabUnselected {
background: #c51;
padding: 2px 4px 0px 4px;
color: #fff;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabContents {
background-color: #f5d7b4;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabContents a{
color: #922;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabContents a:hover{
color: #b44;
}
#sidebarTabs .txtMoreTab .tabSelected,
#sidebarTabs .txtMoreTab .tabSelected:hover{
background: #cf936c ;
color: #000 ;
text-decoration: none;
}
#sidebarTabs .txtMoreTab .tabUnselected,
#sidebarTabs .txtMoreTab .tabUnselected:hover{
background: #f5d7b4 ;
color: #000 ;
text-decoration: none;
}
#sidebarTabs .txtMoreTab .tabContents {
color: #fff;
background: #cf936c;
border-bottom: solid #aaa 1px;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
!Tiddler display styles /% ================================================================== %/
***/
/*{{{*/
#displayArea {
margin: 1em 15em 0em 15em;
}
.tiddler{
padding: 0;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 5px;
}
.title {
font-size: 1.5em;
color: #867663;
font-weight: bold;
}
.toolbar {
font-size: .9em;
}
.toolbar a.button{
color: #f79b60;
border: 1px solid #fff;
}
.tiddler .toolbar a.button:hover,
.tiddler .toolbar a.button:active {
color: #930;
background: #f5d7b4;
border: 1px solid #f79b60;
}
.toolbar a.button:active {
color: #666;
}
.body {
border-top:1px solid #ccc;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top:0.3em;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
''Viewer styles'' /% --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- %/
***/
/*{{{*/
.tiddler a.button {
color: #f79b60;
}
.tiddler a.button:hover {
color: #be540b;
background: transparent;
}
.subtitle,
.viewer {
color: #867663;
}
.viewer .button{
background: transparent;
color: #888;
border: 1px solid transparent;
}
.viewer a:link, .body a:visited{
color: #be540b;
}
.viewer a:hover {
background-color: transparent;
text-decoration: underline;
}
.viewer blockquote {
border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
}
.viewer table {
border: 2px solid #333;
}
.viewer td, tr {
border: 1px solid #666;
padding: 3px;
}
.viewer hr {
border-color: #666;
color: #666;
}
.viewer pre {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background: #f5d7b4;
color: #333;
}
.viewer code {
color: #922;
}
.selected .isTag .tagging,
.selected .tagged,
.isTag .tagging,
.tagged {
float: none;
display: inline;
border: 0;
background: transparent;
color: #f79b60;
margin: 0;
}
.tagged li, .tagging li,
.tagged ul, .tagging ul{
display: inline;
}
.tiddler .tagging .listTitle,
.tiddler .tagged .listTitle{
color: #ccc;
}
.tiddler .tagging a.button,
.tiddler .tagged a.button{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
color: #ccc;
}
.selected .tagging .listTitle,
.selected .tagged .listTitle,
.selected .tagging a.button,
.selected .tagged a.button{
color: #333;
}
/*}}}*/
/***
''Editor styles'' /% --------------------------------------------------- %/
***/
/*{{{*/
.editor input,
.editor textarea {
border: 1px solid black;
}
.editor textarea{
font-size: .8em;
}
/*}}}*/
[[OnlineCourse]]
@@http://www.oxfordteflonline.com/moodle/login/index.php@@
Type the text for 'PersonalWiki'
Hopefully this will blow someone away!
Installed this utility with:
yum install -y testdisk
will read /usr/share/doc/testdisk-6.9/README
also I obtained my information from
@@http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk@@
@@http://tuxplayground.blogspot.com/@@
A repository that has essential packages for ReiserFs
@@http://tx-us.lunar-linux.org/lunar/cache/@@
I also found the packages that I needed by google. They were a little dated but installed all the same.
''For all your theme needs head on over to [[TiddlyThemes|http://tiddlythemes.com]]!''
# set the default policy for each of the pre-defined chains
-P INPUT DROP
-P OUTPUT ACCEPT
-P FORWARD DROP
# allow all outgoing traffic
-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT
# allow establishment of connections initialised by my outgoing packets
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# accept everything on local network
-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.10/24 -i eth+ -p udp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.10/24 -i eth+ -p tcp -m tcp --syn -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.10/24 -i br0 -p udp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.10/24 -i br0 -p tcp -m tcp --syn -j ACCEPT
# accept anything on localhost
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
# accept forwards to my virtual machine
-A FORWARD -i br0 -j ACCEPT
__I edited it so that it will pass all incoming traffic to my br0__
These two links helped me.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=4163735&postcount=8
http://www.fedoraforum.org/forum/showthread.php?t=179922&highlight=br0
http://www.tiddlywiki.com/#EmbeddedImages
A great site for markup
http://tiddlywiki.org/wiki/TiddlyWiki_Markup
libprotobuf.so.2 is needed
This was the error that I was getting. So I ran a few cool commands. i don't fully understand what they did but I thought that I would post them for posterities sake.
{{{package-cleanup --problems
package-cleanup --dupes
rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest }}}
Then I ran this REALLY AWESOME command.
{{{yum update --skip-broken --enablerepo=u*g -v}}}
and holy shit I got 222 mb's of updates.
{{{
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
sil-padauk-fonts noarch 2.4-6.fc11 updates-testing 194 k
replacing padauk-fonts.noarch 2.4-3.fc11
Updating:
NetworkManager i586 1:0.7.1.997-1.fc11 updates-testing 1.2 M
NetworkManager-glib i586 1:0.7.1.997-1.fc11 updates-testing 180 k
NetworkManager-gnome i586 1:0.7.1.997-1.fc11 updates-testing 427 k
abiword i586 1:2.8.0-2.fc11 updates-testing 31 k
apr i586 1.3.9-2.fc11 updates-testing 137 k
at i586 3.1.10-32.fc11 updates-testing 63 k
audit i586 1.7.16-1.fc11 updates-testing 390 k
audit-libs i586 1.7.16-1.fc11 updates-testing 83 k
audit-libs-python i586 1.7.16-1.fc11 updates-testing 84 k
autocorr-en i586 1:3.1.1-19.4.fc11 updates-testing 133 k
boost i586 1.37.0-8.fc11 updates-testing 3.2 M
boost-devel i586 1.37.0-8.fc11 updates-testing 5.5 M
cups i586 1:1.4.1-7.fc11 updates-testing 3.1 M
cups-libs i586 1:1.4.1-7.fc11 updates-testing 351 k
dhclient i586 12:4.1.0p1-5.fc11 updates-testing 347 k
exo i586 0.3.104-1.fc11 updates-testing 1.4 M
fontconfig i586 2.7.2-1.fc11 updates-testing 204 k
fontconfig-devel i586 2.7.2-1.fc11 updates-testing 220 k
geoclue i586 0.11.1.1-0.9.1.20091026git73b6729.fc11 updates-testing 81 k
geoclue-devel i586 0.11.1.1-0.9.1.20091026git73b6729.fc11 updates-testing 16 k
glade3 i586 3.6.7-1.fc11 updates-testing 2.0 M
glade3-libgladeui i586 3.6.7-1.fc11 updates-testing 532 k
gnome-user-share i586 2.28.0-1.fc11 updates-testing 667 k
gstreamer-plugins-base i586 0.10.25-2.fc11 updates-testing 1.1 M
gstreamer-plugins-good i586 0.10.16-4.fc11 updates-testing 1.4 M
gvfs i586 1.2.3-13.fc11 updates-testing 1.3 M
gvfs-archive i586 1.2.3-13.fc11 updates-testing 64 k
gvfs-fuse i586 1.2.3-13.fc11 updates-testing 26 k
gvfs-gphoto2 i586 1.2.3-13.fc11 updates-testing 97 k
gvfs-obexftp i586 1.2.3-13.fc11 updates-testing 71 k
gvfs-smb i586 1.2.3-13.fc11 updates-testing 120 k
hplip-common i586 3.9.8-16.fc11 updates-testing 64 k
hplip-libs i586 3.9.8-16.fc11 updates-testing 152 k
libabiword i586 1:2.8.0-2.fc11 updates-testing 7.3 M
libburn i586 0.7.0-1.fc11 updates-testing 119 k
libgpod i586 0.7.0-3.fc11 updates-testing 269 k
libsmbclient i586 3.4.2-0.43.fc11 updates-testing 1.6 M
libtalloc i586 2.0.0-0.fc11 updates-testing 21 k
libv4l i586 0.6.3-1.fc11 updates-testing 111 k
liferea i586 1:1.6.0-1.fc11 updates-testing 1.0 M
lirc-libs i586 0.8.6-1.fc11 updates-testing 24 k
memtest86+ i586 4.00-2.fc11 updates-testing 147 k
mobile-broadband-provider-info noarch 1.20090918-1.fc11 updates-testing 22 k
mysql-embedded i586 5.1.39-2.fc11 updates-testing 3.4 M
mysql-libs i586 5.1.39-2.fc11 updates-testing 2.1 M
netpbm i586 10.47.04-1.fc11 updates-testing 866 k
netpbm-progs i586 10.47.04-1.fc11 updates-testing 1.9 M
nss_ldap i586 264-6.fc11 updates-testing 745 k
openoffice.org-brand i586 1:3.1.1-19.4.fc11 updates-testing 466 k
openoffice.org-core i586 1:3.1.1-19.4.fc11 updates-testing 96 M
openoffice.org-opensymbol-fonts i586 1:3.1.1-19.4.fc11 updates-testing 182 k
openoffice.org-ure i586 1:3.1.1-19.4.fc11 updates-testing 3.1 M
openssh i586 5.2p1-5.fc11 updates-testing 265 k
openssh-askpass i586 5.2p1-5.fc11 updates-testing 42 k
openssh-clients i586 5.2p1-5.fc11 updates-testing 499 k
openssh-server i586 5.2p1-5.fc11 updates-testing 299 k
oprofile i586 0.9.5-3.fc11 updates-testing 3.0 M
oprofile-gui i586 0.9.5-3.fc11 updates-testing 90 k
pciutils i586 3.1.4-3.fc11 updates-testing 87 k
pciutils-devel i586 3.1.4-3.fc11 updates-testing 55 k
pciutils-libs i586 3.1.4-3.fc11 updates-testing 35 k
phonon i586 4.3.1-102.fc11 updates-testing 155 k
phonon-backend-xine i586 4.3.1-102.fc11 updates-testing 166 k
postgresql-libs i586 8.3.8-2.fc11 updates-testing 216 k
preupgrade noarch 1.1.2-1.fc11 updates-testing 97 k
python i586 2.6-11.fc11 updates-testing 5.7 M
python-devel i586 2.6-11.fc11 updates-testing 1.0 M
python-gpod i586 0.7.0-3.fc11 updates-testing 199 k
python-libs i586 2.6-11.fc11 updates-testing 663 k
qt i586 1:4.5.3-4.fc11 updates-testing 3.9 M
qt-x11 i586 1:4.5.3-4.fc11 updates-testing 16 M
samba-common i586 3.4.2-0.43.fc11 updates-testing 14 M
samba-winbind i586 3.4.2-0.43.fc11 updates-testing 3.5 M
selinux-policy noarch 3.6.12-86.fc11 updates-testing 612 k
selinux-policy-targeted noarch 3.6.12-86.fc11 updates-testing 2.3 M
shared-mime-info i586 0.60-4.fc11 updates-testing 218 k
strace i586 4.5.19-1.fc11 updates-testing 183 k
system-config-firewall noarch 1.2.16-3.fc11 updates-testing 117 k
system-config-firewall-tui noarch 1.2.16-3.fc11 updates-testing 642 k
system-config-printer i586 1.1.13-4.fc11 updates-testing 436 k
system-config-printer-libs i586 1.1.13-4.fc11 updates-testing 1.2 M
totem-pl-parser i586 2.26.3-1.fc11 updates-testing 296 k
unixODBC i586 2.2.14-6.fc11 updates-testing 472 k
wine-core i586 1.1.29-3.fc11 updates-testing 13 M
wine-fonts noarch 1.1.29-3.fc11 updates-testing 189 k
wine-pulseaudio i586 1.1.29-3.fc11 updates-testing 49 k
wxBase i586 2.8.10-4.fc11 updates-testing 686 k
wxGTK i586 2.8.10-4.fc11 updates-testing 3.8 M
xorg-x11-drv-evdev i586 2.2.6-1.fc11 updates-testing 28 k
xorg-x11-drv-intel i586 2.7.0-8.fc11 updates-testing 315 k
xorg-x11-drv-nouveau i586 1:0.0.12-41.20090528git0c17b87.fc11 updates-testing 166 k
xorg-x11-drv-openchrome i586 0.2.904-1.fc11.1 updates-testing 185 k
xorg-x11-server-Xnest i586 1.6.4-0.3.fc11 updates-testing 731 k
xorg-x11-server-Xorg i586 1.6.4-0.3.fc11 updates-testing 1.5 M
xorg-x11-server-common i586 1.6.4-0.3.fc11 updates-testing 49 k
Installing for dependencies:
gnome-bluetooth i586 2.27.8-3.fc11 updates 524 k
gnome-bluetooth-libs i586 2.27.8-3.fc11 updates 49 k
libwpg i586 0.1.3-2.fc11 fedora 111 k
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth i586 0.9.15-17.fc11 updates 76 k
Skipped (dependency problems):
compiz-plugins-extra i586 0.8.5-1.fc11 fusion 3.2 M
compiz-plugins-main i586 0.8.5-1.fc11 fusion 1.9 M
compiz-plugins-unsupported i586 0.8.5-1.fc11 fusion 1.4 M
protobuf i586 2.2.0-2.fc11 updates 340 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================
Install 5 Package(s)
Upgrade 95 Package(s)
Total download size: 222 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
}}}
Suppose you want to delete all the files in a directory just retaining the file named 'immortal' use the following command
Code:
{{{
rm -rf $(ls | grep -v immortal)
}}}
If you want to retain multiple files use backslashed | (OR) operator and the filename in quotes like given below to retain three files 'immortal1', 'immortal2' and 'immortal3'.
Code:
{{{
rm -rf $(ls | grep -v "immortal1\|immortal2\|immortal3")
}}}
I am trying to figure out if the file is within a subdirectory and you want to retain it.
Here's the command to delete everything except one file.
{{{
rm `ls |grep -v "SomethingIWantToExclude"`
}}}
The below will allow everyfile in a directory to be deleted except SAVETHISDIRECTORY
{{{
#
#savedir="SAVETHISDIRECTORY"
#for dirname in $(ls * | sed 's/ /---/g' | grep -v "$savedir")
#do
# remove=$(echo $dirname | sed 's/---/ /g')
# echo "removing file or directory $remove"
# rm -rf "$remove"
#done
}}}
http://www.panix.com/~elflord/unix/grep.html
Downloaded it from http://www.virtualbox.org/download/
Then had to install:
yum install iasl dev86 libxml2-devel libxslt-devel libIDL-devel libpng-devel SDL-devel libXcursor-devel
Then just went to the Sun site and downloaded the rpm
Still having problems with getting the bridge interface to work. I'm going to try this tutorial out and see if it helps.
http://home.nyc.rr.com/computertaijutsu/vboxbridge.html
So everytime that I want to start VBox with a host interface now, I have to issue
VBoxTunctl -b -u Elias
ifconfig tap0 up
{{{
I had the same problem, it took me ages and looking around a million different websites to figure out. There were unintelligible characters being displayed and after much playing around, I figured it out. I've also tried to go to every other forum I came across in my search and sent my results.
I have a mac and I am not sure if it will be any different for you, based on your OS:After playing around for a bit, this is what I needed to do:
#1 Preferences>video>subtitles/OSD First, I unchecked Autodetect subtitle files. Second, I browsed to library>fonts>yoncon.ttf (that's the korean font file I think I downloaded it myself a while ago..not sure where from though)
#2 Preferences>video>subtitles/OSD>>Text renderer, again, I browsed to the same font file
#3 Preferences>Input/Codecs>Other codecs >>Subtitles>>>Subtitles text encoding>>>>CP949
#4 When opening the .avi file, VLC>File>>Open File>>>browse for your .avi file
#5 When opening the subtitle file, VLC>File>>Open File>>>check Load Subtitles File>>>>Settings>>>>>Browse for your subtitle file (mine are usually .smi)>>>>>>Subtitles encoding>>>>>>Cp949
If you're in need of this info and having difficulties with my instructions, send me a pvt message and I will send you my screengrabs. Good luck!!
}}}
Here is a link to a site that has a great how to on getting things started.
http://www.ilovetux.com/2006/06/vnc-server-howto.html
A brief VNC howto introduction:
What is VNC?
VNC stands for Virtual Network Computing. It is remote control software which allows you to view and interact with one computer (the “server”) using a simple program (the “viewer”) on another computer anywhere on the Internet. The two computers don’t even have to be the same type, so for example you can use VNC to view an office Linux machine on your Windows PC at home. VNC is freely and publicly available and is in widespread active use by millions throughout industry, academia and privately.
VNC server Howtos in Fedora Core OS.
Do yout think I have it in installed from my system?
Type the following command to check if you have the client and server installed from your system.
As root
[root@deniro mail]# rpm -qa vnc vnc-server
vnc.i386.4.1.1-10.1
vnc-server.i386.4.1.1-10.1
Or as non-root user
[vertito@deniro ~]$
vnc.i386.4.1.1-10.1
vnc-server.i386.4.1.1-10.1
If it’s not yet installed, you can install it using the easy to use yum command.
[root@deniro mail]# yum install vnc-server
Now, to configure vncserver as a service on your system, add yourself in following config file.
[vertito@deniro ~]$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
# VNCSERVERS=”1:myusername”
VNCSERVERS=”1:vertito”
To add more users
VNCSERVERS=”1:vertito 2:ver”
OPTIONAL:
VNCSERVERARGS[1]=”-geometry 1024×768 -depth 16″
VNCSERVERARGS[2]=”-geometry 800×600 -depth 8″
Before starting vncserver as a service, let’s create a vnc password with vncpasswd command.
Notice it creates a hidden directory .vnc under your home account with file passwd which contains your vnc password.
[vertito@deniro ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[vertito@deniro ~]$ ls -d .vnc
.vnc
[vertito@deniro ~]$ ls .vnc
passwd
[vertito@deniro ~]$
Now let’s start vncserver as a service.
[vertito@deniro ~]$ sudo /sbin/service vncserver start
Starting VNC server: 1:vertito [ OK ]
[vertito@deniro ~]$
Take a look at the contents of .vnc directory now. You should have something similiar to following.
[vertito@deniro ~]$ cd .vnc
[vertito@deniro ~]$ ls
passwd vertito:1.log vertito:1.pid xstartup
[vertito@deniro ~]$
If you edit the script called xstartup, you will see UNSET SESSION_MANAGER 2 lines,
uncomment those two lines! Otherwise, you will get nothing but grey screen.
#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
unset SESSION_MANAGER
exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
xterm -geometry 80×24+10+10 -ls -title “$VNCDESKTOP Desktop” &
twm &
After editing vnc startup script, we need to restart the vncserver service
[vertito@deniro ~]$ sudo /sbin/service vncserver restart
Shutting down VNC server: 1:vertito [ OK ]
Starting VNC server: 1:vertito [ OK ]
[vertito@deniro ~]$
So how do I connect to vncserver?
Use vncviewer command in vnc client as following.
[vertito@deniro ~]$ vncviewer localhost:1
Enter your password there.
General usage is:
vncviewer [Server's IP]:[Port]:[Display]
To connect to a remote system with iptables firewall, port 5901 needs to be open.
Add following line to open port 5901 and restart iptables service.
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 5901 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/service iptables restart
If you have 2 users, you may
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 5901:5902 -j ACCEPT
These would listen on ports 5901, 5902 respectively.
And restart again the following services,
/sbin/service iptables restart
/sbin/service vncserver restart
To load vncserver during reboot, add as startup service
#chkconfig vncserver on
To know vnc-server status
/sbin/service vncserver status
Basically, this is it. You are happy to go!
Further Reading
Read the man pages. Everything is in there:
man vncserver
man Xvnc
man vncconfig
man vncviewer
VNC with SSH. See http://www.ltsp.org/contrib/vnc.html
sources: Fedora, Fedora Forum, Fedora FAQ, Google
___ALSO___
First of all, vnc-server package on FC9 is missing the java classes for browser access.
goto http://www.realvnc.com/
Download vnc-4_1_2-x86_linux.tar.gz (free linux x86 version)
create following directory
# mkdir -p /usr/share/vnc/classes
untar the downloaded tar
# tar xvf vnc-4_1_2-x86_linux.tar.gz
# cp -v vnc-4_1_2-x86_linux/java/* /usr/share/vnc/classes/
Restart your vncserver. You should now see following message during startup:
New 'host.domain.com:1 (userid)' desktop is host.domain.com:1
To access via browser, use port 580x (ports need to be opened)
http://host.domain.com:5801
Good luck.
This section is going to be solely dedicated to Voice Over IP.
[[Articles/Information]]
[[Service Providers in Seoul]]
[[VOIP Equipment]]
Here is a link to the Hitachi IP-3000
http://www.voipsupply.com/product_info.php?products_id=1688
Also the Sipura SPA-3000
http://www.voipuser.org/review_8.html
[[Bridged Networking take 2]]
[[Bridged Networking with VirtualBox]]
[[File Sharing]]
[[VBox 1.6.2]]
I've been having problems with the NAT interface in Virtual Box. So I am giving the bridge interface a try.
Here's what I have done.
1-Install the bridge-utils package from Yum:
yum install bridge-utils
2-Create a configuration file for the bridge (br0):
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
3-Enter the following in this file and save it:
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.2 #enter the IP you use for the host machine here
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #enter the correct subnet mask for your network
GATEWAY=192.168.100.1 #enter the correct default gateway for your network
DELAY=0
STP=off
4-Add your NIC card (eth0 for me) to the bridge
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
Add this to the end of the file and save it:
BRIDGE=br0
Adding this line results in the eth0 interface being added to the br0 bridge whenever the host machine boots.
5-Create a permanent virtual interface for the virtual machine to use and add it to the bridge:
VBoxAddIF vbox0 YOURUSERNAME br0
Replace YOURUSERNAME with your username that you log into Linux as
6-Restart your network service:
service network restart
7-In your virtual machine settings in Virtual Box, in the Network section, choose ‘Host Interface’. The Interface Name is vbox0.
8-comment this -A FORWARD -j REJECT -reject-with icmp-host-prohibited in this file
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
[[This is how my iptables looks now]]
9. Enable IP Forwarding by editing the /etc/sysctl.conf file by changing the “0” to a “1” in the following line:
Code:
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
10. Load in the new sysctl settings by running the command:
Code:
sysctl -p
11. I also added
-A INPUT -i br0 -j ACCEPT
under loopback interface (lo) to IP tables
Of course I changed some things around like my IP, but still it's not working properly.
To remove the bridge I can either try
sudo VBoxDeleteIF vbox0
but in the past this did not completely delete the entry so I had to
brctl delbr br0
and that did the trick.
Some other useful commands are:
route -n
netstat -r
Here's how I made a backup of my .vdi file
VBoxManage clonevdi /media/WD-Reiser/XP.vdi /media/backup/XP_backup.vdi
__REFERENCES__
http://www.virtualbox.org/download/1.6.0/UserManual.pdf
Choose ONE (1) of the following tasks.
@@Option a)@@
Interview two or three people whose first language is NOT English. Find out what they find most difficult about English pronunciation. Do they find some people easier to understand than others?
Write up results of your interviews in 200-250 words.
Option b)
Think of different native English accents (e.g. different parts of England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, different parts of the USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia…). What differences do you hear?
Write your report in 100-250 words.
Option c)
Using the internet, find a pronunciation exercise in English for learners of other languages (type “pronunciation exercise” into google or another search engine).
What was the focus of the exercises you did? The level? How hard was it? Did you know about this aspect of English pronunciation before?
Write your report in 100-150 words.
Option d)
Using the internet, find a pronunciation exercise from another language (one you don’t know).
What was the focus of the exercises you did? How hard was it? In what ways was it useful to you in learning the language?
Write your report in 100-150 words.
The write-up of this task should be sent to the tutor with the rest of the tasks. Please clearly label it as Warm Up Task.
This tutorial is intended to help guide new web masters (like myself) in getting their own totally free, self-hosted WordPress.org blog up and running. I’m using Fedora 8 to accomplish this, but your distribution of Linux is probably very similar. In fact, a great guide for Ubuntu is located here on their wiki. I try to write my tutorials so that anybody with any distribution can accomplish the task. It may not be identical, but the principles are usually the same. By the way, the setup instructions for Fedora 8 are located in the directory usr/share/doc/wordpress.2.3.2 after installing the wordpress package.
Let’s get started.
First, it’s important that you’ve already gotten a self-hosted webserver up and running. I have written a guide on how to accomplish this here:
http://www.derekhildreth.com/blog/?s=tutorial+setup+your+own+self+hosted&x=0&y=0
Now, if you have a webserver up and running, we’ll get down to the fun stuff.
1.) Install all of the required software for WordPress.org:
sudo yum install mysql-server mysql-administrator mysql mysql-gui-common php-mysql wordpress
2.) Setup the mySQL Server:
First, setup a password for the root account:
mysqladmin -u root password 'passwordyouwant'
Login to mySQL
mysql -u root -p
Create the new WordPress database:
create database wordpress;
Create new user and password for database:
grant all privileges on wordpress.* to username identified by ‘password‘;
Flush the privileges:
flush privileges;
Test the mySQL Setup:
exit
mysql -u username -p
enter password here
show databases;
The result should look similar to this:
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
| wordpress |
+——————–+
4 rows in set (0.29 sec)
3.) Configure the etc/wordpress/wp-config.php wordpress.org file:
Now that the mySQL WordPress database is setup, the WordPress config file must be updated. Open it either in your favorite text editor or your favorite php editor (like bluefish). If I were to choose gedit, the command to open it would be:
su -
gedit /etc/wordpress/wp-config.php
Highlighted in RED is what needs to be changed in order to reflect the new WordPress database:
// ** MySQL settings ** //
define(’DB_NAME’, ‘wordpress‘); // The name of the database
define(’DB_USER’, ‘username‘); // Your MySQL username
define(’DB_PASSWORD’, ‘password‘); // …and password
define(’DB_HOST’, ‘localhost’); // 99% chance you won’t need to change this value
4.) Finish WordPress.org setup:
You’ll need to setup a symbolic link here to point your http server to the wordpress blog. Set this up by using this command:
ln -s /usr/share/wordpress/ /var/www/html/wordpress
Once the wp-config.php file has been updated and the database server and web server have been started,
open a web browser to http://localhost/wordpress/wp-admin/install.php and
follow the instructions given to you on the pages you see to set up the
database tables and begin publishing your blog.
(To start the database server and the web server, goto System->Administration->Services, then find and start the httpd service and the mysql service.)
5.) Setup the WordPress.org blog with your dyndns.org account (or domain):
Sign into your WordPress.org blog through http://localhost/wordpress/wp-admin and navigate to the “Options” link. There, you’ll see these two options: WordPress address (URL) and Blog address (URL). Delete the default address and put in your dyndns.org account address that connects your webserver. For example:
WordPress address (URL): http://mywebsite.dyndns.org/wordpress
Blog address (URL): http://mywebsite.dyndns.org/wordpress
The address depends on where you want you want your visitors to go. If your webserver’s single purpose is to host your WordPress blog, then you’ll probably want http://mywebsite.dyndns.org. If your webserver is doing other things and you want to separate them (like forums, blog, website) then you’ll want to use http://mywebsite.dyndns.org/wordpress. For example, I have had my WordPress.org blog located at http://sendderek.dyndns.org/wordpress.
Optional: Give WordPress.org access to the content directory:
As stated, this step is optional, but if you want to be able to load new themes or plugins, WordPress will have to have access to this folder. Otherwise, you’ll get an error stating something similar to “WordPress does not have access to the wp-content folder”.
cd /usr/share/wordpress/
su -
chmod 777 wp-content/
Thanks go to:
@@http://www.derekhildreth.com/blog/tutorial-setup-a-totally-free-self-hosted-wordpressorg-blog/@@
This is a pretty cool utility that one can use to download software http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/yum-downloadonly-plugin/
{{{
yum install yum-downloadonly
}}}
Then you'll need to create a directory to store the information and then cd into it and issue this command.
{{{
yum install yourProgramHere -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/home/Elias/Desktop/python --installroot=/home/Elias/Desktop/python
}}}
These are the Python files that I'm going to download and install {{{rpm -qa | grep python | sort -d}}}
>>>
python-paste-1.7.2-2.fc11.noarch rb_libtorrent-python-0.14.3-2.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gconf-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 rpm-python-4.7.1-1.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-devel-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 python-nose-0.10.4-2.fc11.noarch python-slip-dbus-0.1.15-3.fc11.noarch python-2.6-9.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-sane-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 gamin-python-0.1.10-4.fc11.i586 policycoreutils-python-2.0.62-12.12.fc11.i586 python-setuptools-0.6c9-4.fc11.noarch at-spi-python-1.26.0-1.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 python-libs-2.6-9.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gnomekeyring-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-libegg-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 compizconfig-python-0.8.3-1.fc11.i586 python-sexy-0.1.9-8.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gtkmozembed-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 libuser-python-0.56.9-3.i586 gnome-python2-gnomevfs-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 compat-python24-2.4.5-6.fc11.i586 python-slip-0.1.15-3.fc11.noarch compat-python24-setuptools-devel-0.6c7-5.fc11.noarch compat-python24-libxml2-2.7.6-1.fc11.i586 python-vlc-1.0.0-0.2.90.fc11.i586 libsemanage-python-2.0.31-4.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-rsvg-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 python-CDDB-1.4-5.fc11.i586 compat-python24-lxml-2.0.5-3.fc11.i586 compat-python24-devel-2.4.5-6.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-libwnck-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 compat-python24-tools-2.4.5-6.fc11.i586 python-urlgrabber-3.0.0-15.fc11.noarch python-cryptsetup-0.0.9-1.fc11.i586 python-mutagen-1.16-1.fc11.noarch python-bugzilla-0.5.1-2.fc11.noarch libbdevid-python-6.0.87-4.fc11.i586 python-pyblock-0.42-1.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-applet-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 compat-python24-setuptools-0.6c7-5.fc11.noarch compat-python24-feedparser-4.1-6.fc11.noarch audit-libs-python-1.7.14-1.fc11.i586 python-slip-gtk-0.1.15-3.fc11.noarch python-sqlite2-2.3.5-1.fc11.i586 newt-python-0.52.10-4.fc11.i586 python-ldap-2.3.6-1.fc11.i586 python-simplejson-2.0.9-2.fc11.i586 python-chardet-1.0.1-1.fc11.noarch gnome-python2-extras-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-bonobo-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 python-imgcreate-024-1.fc11.i586 python-iniparse-0.3.0-2.fc11.noarch python-devel-2.6-9.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-canvas-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-tk-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gtkhtml2-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 libproxy-python-0.2.3-10.fc11.i586 dbus-python-0.83.0-5.fc11.i586 gstreamer-python-0.10.16-1.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-desktop-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 libselinux-python-2.0.80-1.fc11.i586 libxml2-python-2.7.6-1.fc11.i586 cracklib-python-2.8.13-4.i586 python-imaging-1.1.6-14.fc11.i586 compat-python24-elementtree-1.2.6-7.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gnome-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 notify-python-0.1.1-7.fc11.i586 python-numeric-24.2-13.fc11.i586 python-gpod-0.7.0-2.fc11.i586
Here's the command that I ran.
{{{
yum install python-paste-1.7.2-2.fc11.noarch rb_libtorrent-python-0.14.3-2.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gconf-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 rpm-python-4.7.1-1.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-devel-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 python-nose-0.10.4-2.fc11.noarch python-slip-dbus-0.1.15-3.fc11.noarch python-2.6-9.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-sane-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 gamin-python-0.1.10-4.fc11.i586 policycoreutils-python-2.0.62-12.12.fc11.i586 python-setuptools-0.6c9-4.fc11.noarch at-spi-python-1.26.0-1.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 python-libs-2.6-9.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gnomekeyring-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-libegg-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 compizconfig-python-0.8.3-1.fc11.i586 python-sexy-0.1.9-8.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gtkmozembed-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 libuser-python-0.56.9-3.i586 gnome-python2-gnomevfs-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 compat-python24-2.4.5-6.fc11.i586 python-slip-0.1.15-3.fc11.noarch compat-python24-setuptools-devel-0.6c7-5.fc11.noarch compat-python24-libxml2-2.7.6-1.fc11.i586 python-vlc-1.0.0-0.2.90.fc11.i586 libsemanage-python-2.0.31-4.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-rsvg-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 python-CDDB-1.4-5.fc11.i586 compat-python24-lxml-2.0.5-3.fc11.i586 compat-python24-devel-2.4.5-6.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-libwnck-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 compat-python24-tools-2.4.5-6.fc11.i586 python-urlgrabber-3.0.0-15.fc11.noarch python-cryptsetup-0.0.9-1.fc11.i586 python-mutagen-1.16-1.fc11.noarch python-bugzilla-0.5.1-2.fc11.noarch libbdevid-python-6.0.87-4.fc11.i586 python-pyblock-0.42-1.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-applet-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 compat-python24-setuptools-0.6c7-5.fc11.noarch compat-python24-feedparser-4.1-6.fc11.noarch audit-libs-python-1.7.14-1.fc11.i586 python-slip-gtk-0.1.15-3.fc11.noarch python-sqlite2-2.3.5-1.fc11.i586 newt-python-0.52.10-4.fc11.i586 python-ldap-2.3.6-1.fc11.i586 python-simplejson-2.0.9-2.fc11.i586 python-chardet-1.0.1-1.fc11.noarch gnome-python2-extras-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-bonobo-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 python-imgcreate-024-1.fc11.i586 python-iniparse-0.3.0-2.fc11.noarch python-devel-2.6-9.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-canvas-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 compat-python24-imaging-tk-1.1.6-4.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gtkhtml2-2.25.3-7.fc11.i586 libproxy-python-0.2.3-10.fc11.i586 dbus-python-0.83.0-5.fc11.i586 gstreamer-python-0.10.16-1.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-desktop-2.26.0-3.fc11.i586 libselinux-python-2.0.80-1.fc11.i586 libxml2-python-2.7.6-1.fc11.i586 cracklib-python-2.8.13-4.i586 python-imaging-1.1.6-14.fc11.i586 compat-python24-elementtree-1.2.6-7.fc11.i586 gnome-python2-gnome-2.26.1-1.fc11.i586 notify-python-0.1.1-7.fc11.i586 python-numeric-24.2-13.fc11.i586 python-gpod-0.7.0-2.fc11.i586 -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/home/Elias/Desktop/python --installroot=/home/Elias/Desktop/python
}}}
Here are some other cool plugins that I've recently learned about
{{{
yum install yum-security yum-post-transaction-actions
}}}
{{{
[localhost] #[127.0.0.1:7200]
[[3745]]
image = /opt/IOS/c3745/c3745-a3jk9s-mz.123-4.T2.bin
ram = 128
slot1 = NM-4T
idlepc = 0x6054e1c8
[[router R11]]
model = 3745
console = 2001
s1/0 = R12 s1/0
s1/1 = R13 s1/0
[[router R12]]
model = 3745
console = 2002
[[router R13]]
model = 3745
console = 2003
[[router R14]]
model = 3745
console = 2004
s1/0 = R12 s1/1
s1/1 = R13 s1/1
}}}
R11
!
enable
conf t
hostname R11
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int f0/0
ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
no sh
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation ppp
band 1024
clock rate 64000
no shutdown
end
copy run star
R12
!
enable
conf t
hostname R12
ena secret cisco
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
logg sy
exec-timeout 0 0
no login
exit
line vty 0 4
no login
exit
!
int f0/0
ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
no sh
exit
!
int s1/0
ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation ppp
band 1024
clock rate 64000
end
copy run star
This is a little script that I found online that is great for getting rid of resident tmp files.
{{{
#!/bin/bash
#
# The below will allow everyfile in a directory to be deleted execept SAVETHISDIRECTORY
#
#
#savedir="SAVETHISDIRECTORY"
#for dirname in $(ls * | sed 's/ /---/g' | grep -v "$savedir")
#do
# remove=$(echo $dirname | sed 's/---/ /g')
# echo "removing file or directory $remove"
# rm -rf "$remove"
#done
cd /home/Elias/dynagen
rm -rf $(ls | grep -v "EIGRP.net\|simple1.net\|basic.net\|basic.txt\|EIGRP.txt\|dynagenidledb.ini")
}}}
This program comes to me via...http://cpulimit.sourceforge.net/
I have implemented it as such:
{{{
$ sudo cpulimit -e /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/dynagen EIGRP.net &
}}}
it takes a while to load but works charms.
The website that I stumbled upon had this to say about it.
I just read about the CPUlimit program in the news section of the GNS3 website, i really had no idea about such a thing, immediately downloaded it , compiled it and it rocks. this is just amazing, first of all this is immediately going into my script for dynamips and the next version of the live cd, which should be ready by the 10th of the next month ( hint: there could be a version rangin between 10-20 mb) , als0 i just finished making it as a package for slitaz. Have sent it to the mailing list. Once they accept it, ill also put it up for download on this site. [[ it got accepted ]] download the slitaz package for cpulimit here . Download it and do a tazpkg install, thats it.
Now i tested it by setting the limit to 40% with the following command
cpulimit -e /usr/bin/dynamips -l 40
and then started 4 routers with my script without any conf and no idlepc value, the bootup ran a little slow but im able to do basic show run’s . Im not sure how useful this will be, but further tests will include running full labs on 70 percent and checking out what happens.
Now the cool thing is if you have 2 cpus in your machine , it means you set the command like this
cpulimit -e /usr/bin/dynamips -l 150
what the above command means is your setting the process limit for dynamips at 150 % since 200% now defines your cpu. so if you have 4 cpus your range goes to 400%.
[[ note: you need the development version for the above feature ]]
For all you guys checking out dynamips / dynagen /GNS3 for your cisco preparations you definitely need this, download it at http://cpulimit.sourceforge.net
Now I can watch live video streams on my computer.
Here's what I did.
Download this
http://www.jbg.f2s.com/gtk-sopcast.tar.gz
Then apply these steps (not all may be required, it depends what you currently have installed)
su - tar -C / -xvf <path to>/gtk-sopcast.tar.gz
yum install
wget rpm -Uhv http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release-8.rpm
yum install mplayer* (not essential, but I did it anyway)
Launched gsopcast from the command line only to find out that I needed a certain library @@libstdc++-so.5@@
I googled an answer and it came in the form of:
yum install *libstdc++*
Which actually told me what the libraries I needed were.
compat-libstdc++-33.i386 0:3.2.3-63
compat-libstdc++-296.i386
Then I added a string to firefox on the about:config page:
Battling with scripts and library files after 2 hours I successfully got gSopcast to work.
Here's a link that I might visit some time in the future
http://www.justin.tv
Found some RPMs here
http://wtanaka.com/node/7787
This is a little builtin program that I use to backup my music. What is does as the name may imply i:
{{{
mkisofs -r -J -joliet-long -l -d -allow-multidot -allow-leading-dots -gui -V MusicBackup -no-bak -exclude-list exclusionList.txt -o /mnt/sdd5/musicBackup.iso /mnt/Music/Music/
}}}
http://el1as.homelinux.org
This is a really cool application for removing orphaned packages that might be lying around taking up disk space.
{{{rpmorphan -tk }}}
A link to a page that I really need to read.
http://www.tty1.net/sed-intro_en.html
http://student.northpark.edu/pemente/sed/sed1line52.txt
{{{
# Simple lab
[localhost]
[[7200]]
# image = \Program Files\Dynamips\images\c7200-jk9o3s-mz.124-7a.image
# On Linux / Unix use forward slashes:
image = /opt/IOS/c7200/c7200-jk9s-mz.124-13b.bin
npe = npe-400
ram = 256
[[ROUTER R1]]
s1/0 = R2 s1/0
model = 7200
[[router R2]]
model = 7200
# No need to specify an adapter here, it is taken care of
# by the interface specification under Router R1
}}}
{{{
#!/bin/bash
cd /home/Elias/dynagen
dynamips -H 7200 &
#dynagen /home/Elias/dynagen/simple1.net
}}}
So here is how to download videos from Youtube and rip the mp3.
{{{youtube-dl -b -t http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaWs6wxTWpU
}}}
then
{{{ffmpeg -i Jay_Z_We_Made_History_Blueprint_3_New_2009-XaWs6wxTWpU.mp4 -ar 44100 -ab 128 -ac 2 ../Music/JayZ-WeMadeHistory.mp3
}}}
It may give an error but that's okay it will still play.